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org.scalatest.fixture.WordSpec.scala Maven / Gradle / Ivy

/*
 * Copyright 2001-2009 Artima, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.scalatest.fixture

import org.scalatest._
import FixtureNodeFamily._
import verb.{CanVerb, ResultOfAfterWordApplication, ShouldVerb, BehaveWord, MustVerb,
  StringVerbBlockRegistration}
import scala.collection.immutable.ListSet
import org.scalatest.exceptions.StackDepthExceptionHelper.getStackDepth
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException
import org.scalatest.events._
import org.scalatest.Suite.anErrorThatShouldCauseAnAbort

/**
 * A sister trait to org.scalatest.WordSpec that can pass a fixture object into its tests.
 *
 * 

 * The purpose of fixture.Suite and its subtraits is to facilitate writing tests in
 * a functional style. Some users may prefer writing tests in a functional style in general, but one
 * particular use case is parallel test execution (See ParallelTestExecution). To run
 * tests in parallel, your test class must
 * be thread safe, and a good way to make it thread safe is to make it functional. A good way to
 * write tests that need common fixtures in a functional style is to pass the fixture objects into the tests,
 * the style enabled by the fixture.Suite family of traits.
 * 
 *
 * 

 * Trait org.scalatest.fixture.WordSpec behaves similarly to trait org.scalatest.WordSpec, except that tests may have a
 * fixture parameter. The type of the
 * fixture parameter is defined by the abstract FixtureParam type, which is declared as a member of this trait.
 * This trait also declares an abstract withFixture method. This withFixture method
 * takes a OneArgTest, which is a nested trait defined as a member of this trait.
 * OneArgTest has an apply method that takes a FixtureParam.
 * This apply method is responsible for running a test.
 * This trait's runTest method delegates the actual running of each test to withFixture, passing
 * in the test code to run via the OneArgTest argument. The withFixture method (abstract in this trait) is responsible
 * for creating the fixture argument and passing it to the test function.
 * 
 * 
 * 

 * Subclasses of this trait must, therefore, do three things differently from a plain old org.scalatest.WordSpec:
 * 
 * 
 * 

 * 
define the type of the fixture parameter by specifying type FixtureParam
 * 
define the withFixture(OneArgTest) method
 * 
write tests that take a fixture parameter
 * 
(You can also define tests that don't take a fixture parameter.)
 * 
 *
 * 

 * Here's an example:
 * 
 *
 * 
 * import org.scalatest.fixture
 * import collection.mutable.Stack
 * import java.util.NoSuchElementException
 *
 * class StackSpec extends fixture.WordSpec {
 *
 *   // 1. define type FixtureParam
 *   type FixtureParam = Stack[Int]
 *
 *   // 2. define the withFixture method
 *   def withFixture(test: OneArgTest) {
 *     val stack = new Stack[Int]
 *     stack.push(1)
 *     stack.push(2)
 *     test(stack) // "loan" the fixture to the test
 *   }
 *
 *   "A Stack" can {
 *
 *     // 3. write tests that take a fixture parameter
 *     "pop a value" in { stack =>
 *       val top = stack.pop()
 *       assert(top === 2)
 *       assert(stack.size === 1)
 *     }
 *
 *     "push a value" in { stack =>
 *       stack.push(9)
 *       assert(stack.size === 3)
 *       assert(stack.head === 9)
 *     }
 *
 *     // 4. You can also write tests that don't take a fixture parameter.
 *     "complain if popped while empty" in { () =>
 *       intercept[NoSuchElementException] {
 *         (new Stack[Int]).pop()
 *       }
 *     }
 *   }
 * }
 * 
 *
 * 

 * In the previous example, withFixture creates and initializes a stack, then invokes the test function, passing in
 * the stack.  In addition to setting up a fixture before a test, the withFixture method also allows you to
 * clean it up afterwards, if necessary. If you need to do some clean up that must happen even if a test
 * fails, you should invoke the test function from inside a try block and do the cleanup in a
 * finally clause, like this:
 * 
 *
 * 
 * def withFixture(test: OneArgTest) {
 *   val resource = someResource.open() // set up the fixture
 *   try {
 *     test(resource) // if the test fails, test(...) will throw an exception
 *   }
 *   finally {
 *     // clean up the fixture no matter whether the test succeeds or fails
 *     resource.close()
 *   }
 * }
 * 
 *
 * 

 * The reason you must perform cleanup in a finally clause is that withFixture is called by
 * runTest, which expects an exception to be thrown to indicate a failed test. Thus when you invoke
 * the test function, it may complete abruptly with an exception. The finally clause will
 * ensure the fixture cleanup happens as that exception propagates back up the call stack to runTest.
 * 
 *
 * 

 * If the fixture you want to pass into your tests consists of multiple objects, you will need to combine
 * them into one object to use this trait. One good approach to passing multiple fixture objects is
 * to encapsulate them in a case class. Here's an example:
 * 
 *
 * 
 * import org.scalatest.fixture
 * import scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer
 *
 * class ExampleSpec extends fixture.WordSpec {
 *
 *   case class F(builder: StringBuilder, buffer: ListBuffer[String])
 *   type FixtureParam = F
 *
 *   def withFixture(test: OneArgTest) {
 *
 *     // Create needed mutable objects
 *     val stringBuilder = new StringBuilder("ScalaTest is ")
 *     val listBuffer = new ListBuffer[String]
 *
 *     // Invoke the test function, passing in the mutable objects
 *     test(F(stringBuilder, listBuffer))
 *   }
 *
 *   "Testing" should {
 *
 *     "be easy" in { f =>
 *       f.builder.append("easy!")
 *       assert(f.builder.toString === "ScalaTest is easy!")
 *       assert(f.buffer.isEmpty)
 *       f.buffer += "sweet"
 *     }
 *
 *     "be fun" in { f =>
 *       f.builder.append("fun!")
 *       assert(f.builder.toString === "ScalaTest is fun!")
 *       assert(f.buffer.isEmpty)
 *     }
 *   }
 * }
 * 
 *
 * 
Configuring fixtures and tests
 * 
 * 

 * Sometimes you may want to write tests that are configurable. For example, you may want to write
 * a suite of tests that each take an open temp file as a fixture, but whose file name is specified
 * externally so that the file name can be can be changed from run to run. To accomplish this
 * the OneArgTest trait has a configMap
 * method, which will return a Map[String, Any] from which configuration information may be obtained.
 * The runTest method of this trait will pass a OneArgTest to withFixture
 * whose configMap method returns the configMap passed to runTest.
 * Here's an example in which the name of a temp file is taken from the passed configMap:
 * 
 *
 * 
 * import org.scalatest.fixture
 * import java.io.FileReader
 * import java.io.FileWriter
 * import java.io.File
 * 
 * class ExampleSpec extends fixture.WordSpec {
 *
 *   type FixtureParam = FileReader
 *   def withFixture(test: OneArgTest) {
 *
 *     require(
 *       test.configMap.contains("TempFileName"),
 *       "This suite requires a TempFileName to be passed in the configMap"
 *     )
 *
 *     // Grab the file name from the configMap
 *     val FileName = test.configMap("TempFileName").asInstanceOf[String]
 *
 *     // Set up the temp file needed by the test
 *     val writer = new FileWriter(FileName)
 *     try {
 *       writer.write("Hello, test!")
 *     }
 *     finally {
 *       writer.close()
 *     }
 *
 *     // Create the reader needed by the test
 *     val reader = new FileReader(FileName)
 *  
 *     try {
 *       // Run the test using the temp file
 *       test(reader)
 *     }
 *     finally {
 *       // Close and delete the temp file
 *       reader.close()
 *       val file = new File(FileName)
 *       file.delete()
 *     }
 *   }
 *
 *   "A file" can {
 *     "be read" in { reader =>
 *       var builder = new StringBuilder
 *       var c = reader.read()
 *       while (c != -1) {
 *         builder.append(c.toChar)
 *         c = reader.read()
 *       }
 *       assert(builder.toString === "Hello, test!")
 *     }
 *   }
 * 
 *   "The first char of a file" can {
 *     "be read" in { reader =>
 *       assert(reader.read() === 'H')
 *     }
 *   }
 * }
 * 
 *
 * 

 * If you want to pass into each test the entire configMap that was passed to runTest, you 
 * can mix in trait ConfigMapFixture. See the documentation
 * for ConfigMapFixture for the details, but here's a quick
 * example of how it looks:
 * 
 *
 * 
 *  import org.scalatest.fixture
 *  import org.scalatest.fixture.ConfigMapFixture
 *
 *  class ExampleSpec extends fixture.WordSpec with ConfigMapFixture {
 *
 *    def testHello { configMap =>
 *      // Use the configMap passed to runTest in the test
 *      assert(configMap.contains("hello"))
 *    }
 *
 *    def testWorld { configMap =>
 *      assert(configMap.contains("world"))
 *    }
 *  }
 * 
 *
 * 
Providing multiple fixtures
 *
 * 

 * If different tests in the same WordSpec need different shared fixtures, you can use the loan pattern to supply to
 * each test just the fixture or fixtures it needs. First select the most commonly used fixture objects and pass them in via the
 * FixtureParam. Then for each remaining fixture needed by multiple tests, create a with<fixture name>
 * method that takes a function you will use to pass the fixture to the test. Lasty, use the appropriate
 * with<fixture name> method or methods in each test.
 * 
 *
 * 

 * In the following example, the FixtureParam is set to Map[String, Any] by mixing in ConfigMapFixture.
 * The withFixture method in trait ConfigMapFixture will pass the config map to any test that needs it.
 * In addition, some tests in the following example need a Stack[Int] and others a Stack[String].
 * The withIntStack method takes
 * care of supplying the Stack[Int] to those tests that need it, and the withStringStack method takes care
 * of supplying the Stack[String] fixture. Here's how it looks:
 * 
 *
 * 
 * import org.scalatest.fixture
 * import org.scalatest.fixture.ConfigMapFixture
 * import collection.mutable.Stack
 * 
 * class StackSpec extends fixture.WordSpec with ConfigMapFixture {
 * 
 *   def withIntStack(test: Stack[Int] => Any) {
 *     val stack = new Stack[Int]
 *     stack.push(1)
 *     stack.push(2)
 *     test(stack) // "loan" the Stack[Int] fixture to the test
 *   }
 * 
 *   def withStringStack(test: Stack[String] => Any) {
 *     val stack = new Stack[String]
 *     stack.push("one")
 *     stack.push("two")
 *     test(stack) // "loan" the Stack[String] fixture to the test
 *   }
 *
 *   "A Stack" can {
 *
 *     "pop an Int value" in { () => // This test doesn't need the configMap fixture, ...
 *       withIntStack { stack =>
 *         val top = stack.pop() // But it needs the Stack[Int] fixture.
 *         assert(top === 2)
 *         assert(stack.size === 1)
 *       }
 *     }
 *
 *     "push an Int value" in { configMap =>
 *       withIntStack { stack =>
 *         val iToPush = // This test uses the configMap fixture...
 *           configMap("IntToPush").toString.toInt
 *         stack.push(iToPush) // And also uses the Stack[Int] fixture.
 *         assert(stack.size === 3)
 *         assert(stack.head === iToPush)
 *       }
 *     }
 *
 *     "pop a String value" in { () => // This test doesn't need the configMap fixture, ...
 *       withStringStack { stack =>
 *         val top = stack.pop() // But it needs the Stack[String] fixture.
 *         assert(top === "two")
 *         assert(stack.size === 1)
 *       }
 *     }
 *
 *     "push a String value" in { configMap =>
 *       withStringStack { stack =>
 *         val sToPush = // This test uses the configMap fixture...
 *           configMap("StringToPush").toString
 *         stack.push(sToPush) // And also uses the Stack[Int] fixture.
 *         assert(stack.size === 3)
 *         assert(stack.head === sToPush)
 *       }
 *     }
 *   }
 * }
 * 
 *
 * 

 * If you run the previous class in the Scala interpreter, you'll see:
 * 
 *
 * 
 * scala> import org.scalatest._
 * import org.scalatest._
 *
 * scala> run(new StackSpec, configMap = Map("IntToPush" -> 9, "StringToPush" -> "nine"))
 * StackSpec:
 * A Stack
 * - can pop an Int value
 * - can push an Int value
 * - can pop a String value
 * - can push a String value
 * 
 *
 * @author Bill Venners
 */
trait WordSpec extends Suite with ShouldVerb with MustVerb with CanVerb { thisSuite =>

  private final val engine = new FixtureEngine[FixtureParam]("concurrentFixtureWordSpecMod", "FixtureWordSpec")
  import engine._
  
  private[scalatest] val sourceFileName = "WordSpec.scala"

  /**
   * Returns an Informer that during test execution will forward strings (and other objects) passed to its
   * apply method to the current reporter. If invoked in a constructor, it
   * will register the passed string for forwarding later during test execution. If invoked while this
   * fixture.WordSpec is being executed, such as from inside a test function, it will forward the information to
   * the current reporter immediately. If invoked at any other time, it will
   * throw an exception. This method can be called safely by any thread.
   */
  implicit protected def info: Informer = atomicInformer.get

  /**
   * Register a test with the given spec text, optional tags, and test function value that takes no arguments.
   * An invocation of this method is called an “example.”
   *
   * This method will register the test for later execution via an invocation of one of the execute
   * methods. The name of the test will be a concatenation of the text of all surrounding describers,
   * from outside in, and the passed spec text, with one space placed between each item. (See the documenation
   * for testNames for an example.) The resulting test name must not have been registered previously on
   * this WordSpec instance.
   *
   * @param specText the specification text, which will be combined with the descText of any surrounding describers
   * to form the test name
   * @param testTags the optional list of tags for this test
   * @param methodName Caller's method name
   * @param testFun the test function
   * @throws DuplicateTestNameException if a test with the same name has been registered previously
   * @throws TestRegistrationClosedException if invoked after run has been invoked on this suite
   * @throws NullPointerException if specText or any passed test tag is null
   */
  private def registerTestToRun(specText: String, testTags: List[Tag], methodName: String, testFun: FixtureParam => Any) {
    registerTest(specText, testFun, "itCannotAppearInsideAnotherIt", sourceFileName, methodName, 1, None, None, testTags: _*)
  }

  /**
   * Register a test to ignore, which has the given spec text, optional tags, and test function value that takes no arguments.
   * This method will register the test for later ignoring via an invocation of one of the execute
   * methods. This method exists to make it easy to ignore an existing test by changing the call to it
   * to ignore without deleting or commenting out the actual test code. The test will not be executed, but a
   * report will be sent that indicates the test was ignored. The name of the test will be a concatenation of the text of all surrounding describers,
   * from outside in, and the passed spec text, with one space placed between each item. (See the documenation
   * for testNames for an example.) The resulting test name must not have been registered previously on
   * this WordSpec instance.
   *
   * @param specText the specification text, which will be combined with the descText of any surrounding describers
   * to form the test name
   * @param testTags the optional list of tags for this test
   * @param methodName Caller's method name
   * @param testFun the test function
   * @throws DuplicateTestNameException if a test with the same name has been registered previously
   * @throws TestRegistrationClosedException if invoked after run has been invoked on this suite
   * @throws NullPointerException if specText or any passed test tag is null
   */
  private def registerTestToIgnore(specText: String, testTags: List[Tag], methodName: String, testFun: FixtureParam => Any) {
    // TODO: This is how these were, but it needs attention. Mentions "it".
    registerIgnoredTest(specText, testFun, "ignoreCannotAppearInsideAnIt", sourceFileName, methodName, 1, testTags: _*)
  }

  private def registerBranch(description: String, childPrefix: Option[String], methodName: String, fun: () => Unit) {

    // TODO: Fix the resource name and method name
    registerNestedBranch(description, childPrefix, fun(), "describeCannotAppearInsideAnIt", sourceFileName, methodName, 1)
  }

  /**
   * Class that supports the registration of tagged tests.
   *
   * 

   * Instances of this class are returned by the taggedAs method of 
   * class WordSpecStringWrapper.
   * 
   *
   * @author Bill Venners
   */
  protected final class ResultOfTaggedAsInvocationOnString(specText: String, tags: List[Tag]) {

    /**
     * Supports tagged test registration.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" taggedAs(SlowTest) in { fixture => ... }
     *                                       ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def in(testFun: FixtureParam => Any) {
      registerTestToRun(specText, tags, "in", testFun)
    }

    /**
     * Supports tagged test registration, for tests that don't take a fixture.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" taggedAs(SlowTest) in { () => ... }
     *                                       ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def in(testFun: () => Any) {
      registerTestToRun(specText, tags, "in", new NoArgTestWrapper(testFun))
    }

    /**
     * Supports registration of tagged, pending tests.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" taggedAs(SlowTest) is (pending)
     *                                       ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def is(testFun: => PendingNothing) {
      registerTestToRun(specText, tags, "is", unusedFixtureParam => testFun)
    }

    /**
     * Supports registration of tagged, ignored tests.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" taggedAs(SlowTest) ignore { fixture => ... }
     *                                       ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def ignore(testFun: FixtureParam => Any) {
      registerTestToIgnore(specText, tags, "ignore", testFun)
    }

    /**
     * Supports registration of tagged, ignored tests that take no fixture parameter.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" taggedAs(SlowTest) ignore { () => ... }
     *                                       ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def ignore(testFun: () => Any) {
      registerTestToIgnore(specText, tags, "ignore", new NoArgTestWrapper(testFun))
    }
  }

  /**
   * A class that via an implicit conversion (named convertToWordSpecStringWrapper) enables
   * methods when, which, in, is, taggedAs
   * and ignore to be invoked on Strings.
   *
   * 

   * This class provides much of the syntax for fixture.WordSpec, however, it does not add
   * the verb methods (should, must, and can) to String.
   * Instead, these are added via the ShouldVerb, MustVerb, and CanVerb
   * traits, which fixture.WordSpec mixes in, to avoid a conflict with implicit conversions provided
   * in ShouldMatchers and MustMatchers. 
   * 
   *
   * @author Bill Venners
   */
  protected final class WordSpecStringWrapper(string: String) {

    /**
     * Supports test registration.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" in { fixture => ... }
     *                    ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def in(testFun: FixtureParam => Any) {
      registerTestToRun(string, List(), "in", testFun)
    }

    /**
     * Supports registration of tests that take no fixture.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" in { () => ... }
     *                    ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def in(testFun: () => Any) {
      registerTestToRun(string, List(), "in", new NoArgTestWrapper(testFun))
    }

    /**
     * Supports pending test registration.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" is (pending)
     *                    ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def is(testFun: => PendingNothing) {
      registerTestToRun(string, List(), "is", unusedFixtureParam => testFun)
    }

    /**
     * Supports ignored test registration.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" ignore { fixture => ... }
     *                    ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def ignore(testFun: FixtureParam => Any) {
      registerTestToIgnore(string, List(), "ignore", testFun)
    }

    /**
     * Supports registration of ignored tests that take no fixture.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" ignore { () => ... }
     *                    ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def ignore(testFun: () => Any) {
      registerTestToIgnore(string, List(), "ignore", new NoArgTestWrapper(testFun))
    
    }

    /**
     * Supports tagged test registration.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "complain on peek" taggedAs(SlowTest) in { fixture => ... }
     *                    ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def taggedAs(firstTestTag: Tag, otherTestTags: Tag*) = {
      val tagList = firstTestTag :: otherTestTags.toList
      new ResultOfTaggedAsInvocationOnString(string, tagList)
    }

    /**
     * Registers a when clause.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "A Stack" when { ... }
     *           ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def when(f: => Unit) {
      registerBranch(string, Some("when"), "when", f _)
    }

    /**
     * Registers a when clause that is followed by an after word.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * val theUser = afterWord("the user")
     *
     * "A Stack" when theUser { ... }
     *           ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def when(resultOfAfterWordApplication: ResultOfAfterWordApplication) {
      registerBranch(string, Some("when " + resultOfAfterWordApplication.text), "when", resultOfAfterWordApplication.f)
    }

    /**
     * that has been deprecated and will be used for a different purpose in a future version of ScalaTest. Please
     * use which instead. (Warning: this change will likely have a shorter than usual deprecation cycle: less than a year.)
     */
    @deprecated("Please use \"which\" instead of \"that\".")
    def that(f: => Unit) {
      registerBranch(string + " that", None, "that", f _)
    }
    
    /**
     * Registers a which clause.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "a rerun button" which {
     *                  ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def which(f: => Unit) {
      registerBranch(string + " which", None, "which", f _)
    }

    /**
     * that has been deprecated and will be used for a different purpose in a future version of ScalaTest. Please
     * use which instead. (Warning: this change will likely have a shorter than usual deprecation cycle: less than a year.)
     */
    @deprecated("Please use \"which\" instead of \"that\".")
    def that(resultOfAfterWordApplication: ResultOfAfterWordApplication) {
      registerBranch(string + " that " + resultOfAfterWordApplication.text, None, "that", resultOfAfterWordApplication.f)
    }
    
    /**
     * Registers a which clause.
     *
     * 

     * For example, this method supports syntax such as the following:
     * 
     *
     * 
     * "a rerun button" which {
     *                  ^
     * 
     *
     * 

     * For more information and examples of this method's use, see the main documentation for trait fixture.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def which(resultOfAfterWordApplication: ResultOfAfterWordApplication) {
      registerBranch(string + " which " + resultOfAfterWordApplication.text, None, "which", resultOfAfterWordApplication.f)
    }
  }

  /**
   * Class whose instances are after words, which can be used to reduce text duplication.
   *
   * 

   * If you are repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of each string inside
   * a block, you can "move the word or phrase" out of the block with an after word.
   * You create an after word by passing the repeated word or phrase to the afterWord method.
   * Once created, you can place the after word after when, a verb
   * (should, must, or can), or
   * which. (You can't place one after in or is, the
   * words that introduce a test.) Here's an example that has after words used in all three
   * places:
   * 
   *
   * 
   * import org.scalatest.fixture
   * import ConfigMapFixture
   * 
   * class ScalaTestGUISpec extends fixture.WordSpec with ConfigMapFixture {
   * 
   *   def theUser = afterWord("the user")
   *   def display = afterWord("display")
   *   def is = afterWord("is")
   * 
   *   "The ScalaTest GUI" when theUser {
   *     "clicks on an event report in the list box" should display {
   *       "a blue background in the clicked-on row in the list box" in { cm => }
   *       "the details for the event in the details area" in { cm => }
   *       "a rerun button," which is {
   *         "enabled if the clicked-on event is rerunnable" in { cm => }
   *         "disabled if the clicked-on event is not rerunnable" in { cm => }
   *       }
   *     }
   *   }
   * }
   * 
   *
   * 

   * Running the previous fixture.WordSpec in the Scala interpreter would yield:
   * 
   *
   * 
   * scala> (new ScalaTestGUISpec).run()
   * The ScalaTest GUI (when the user clicks on an event report in the list box) 
   * - should display a blue background in the clicked-on row in the list box
   * - should display the details for the event in the details area
   * - should display a rerun button, which is enabled if the clicked-on event is rerunnable
   * - should display a rerun button, which is disabled if the clicked-on event is not rerunnable
   * 
   */
  protected final class AfterWord(text: String) {

    /**
     * Supports the use of after words.
     *
     * 

     * This method transforms a block of code into a ResultOfAfterWordApplication, which
     * is accepted by when, should, must, can, and which
     * methods.  For more information, see the main documentation for trait org.scalatest.WordSpec.
     * 
     */
    def apply(f: => Unit) = new ResultOfAfterWordApplication(text, f _)
  }

  /**
   * Creates an after word that an be used to reduce text duplication.
   *
   * 

   * If you are repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of each string inside
   * a block, you can "move the word or phrase" out of the block with an after word.
   * You create an after word by passing the repeated word or phrase to the afterWord method.
   * Once created, you can place the after word after when, a verb
   * (should, must, or can), or
   * which. (You can't place one after in or is, the
   * words that introduce a test.) Here's an example that has after words used in all three
   * places:
   * 
   *
   * 
   * import org.scalatest.fixture
   * import ConfigMapFixture
   * 
   * class ScalaTestGUISpec extends fixture.WordSpec with ConfigMapFixture {
   * 
   *   def theUser = afterWord("the user")
   *   def display = afterWord("display")
   *   def is = afterWord("is")
   * 
   *   "The ScalaTest GUI" when theUser {
   *     "clicks on an event report in the list box" should display {
   *       "a blue background in the clicked-on row in the list box" in { cm => }
   *       "the details for the event in the details area" in { cm => }
   *       "a rerun button," which is {
   *         "enabled if the clicked-on event is rerunnable" in { cm => }
   *         "disabled if the clicked-on event is not rerunnable" in { cm => }
   *       }
   *     }
   *   }
   * }
   * 
   *
   * 

   * Running the previous fixture.WordSpec in the Scala interpreter would yield:
   * 
   *
   * 
   * scala> (new ScalaTestGUISpec).run()
   * The ScalaTest GUI (when the user clicks on an event report in the list box) 
   * - should display a blue background in the clicked-on row in the list box
   * - should display the details for the event in the details area
   * - should display a rerun button, which is enabled if the clicked-on event is rerunnable
   * - should display a rerun button, which is disabled if the clicked-on event is not rerunnable
   * 
   */
  protected def afterWord(text: String) = new AfterWord(text)

  /**
   * Implicitly converts Strings to WordSpecStringWrapper, which enables
   * methods when, which, in, is, taggedAs
   * and ignore to be invoked on Strings.
   */
  protected implicit def convertToWordSpecStringWrapper(s: String) = new WordSpecStringWrapper(s)

  /**
   * Supports the registration of subjects.
   *
   * 

   * For example, this method enables syntax such as the following:
   * 
   *
   * 
   * "A Stack" should { ...
   *           ^
   * 
   *
   * 

   * This function is passed as an implicit parameter to a should method
   * provided in ShouldVerb, a must method
   * provided in MustVerb, and a can method
   * provided in CanVerb. When invoked, this function registers the
   * subject and executes the block.
   * 
   */
  protected implicit val subjectRegistrationFunction: StringVerbBlockRegistration =
    new StringVerbBlockRegistration {
      def apply(left: String, verb: String, f: () => Unit) = registerBranch(left, Some(verb), "subjectRegistrationFunction", f)
    }

  /**
   * Supports the registration of subject descriptions with after words.
   *
   * 

   * For example, this method enables syntax such as the following:
   * 
   *
   * 
   * def provide = afterWord("provide")
   *
   * "The ScalaTest Matchers DSL" can provide { ... }
   *                              ^
   * 
   *
   * 

   * This function is passed as an implicit parameter to a should method
   * provided in ShouldVerb, a must method
   * provided in MustVerb, and a can method
   * provided in CanVerb. When invoked, this function registers the
   * subject and executes the block.
   * 
   */
  protected implicit val subjectWithAfterWordRegistrationFunction: (String, String, ResultOfAfterWordApplication) => Unit = {
    (left, verb, resultOfAfterWordApplication) => {
      val afterWordFunction =
        () => {
          registerBranch(resultOfAfterWordApplication.text, None, "subjectWithAfterWordRegistrationFunction", resultOfAfterWordApplication.f)
        }
      registerBranch(left, Some(verb), "subjectWithAfterWordRegistrationFunction", afterWordFunction)
    }
  }

  /**
   * A Map whose keys are String tag names to which tests in this WordSpec belong, and values
   * the Set of test names that belong to each tag. If this fixture.WordSpec contains no tags, this method returns an empty Map.
   *
   * 

   * This trait's implementation returns tags that were passed as strings contained in Tag objects passed to
   * methods test and ignore.
   * 
   */
  override def tags: Map[String, Set[String]] = atomic.get.tagsMap

  /**
   * Run a test. This trait's implementation runs the test registered with the name specified by
   * testName. Each test's name is a concatenation of the text of all describers surrounding a test,
   * from outside in, and the test's  spec text, with one space placed between each item. (See the documenation
   * for testNames for an example.)
   *
   * @param testName the name of one test to execute.
   * @param reporter the Reporter to which results will be reported
   * @param stopper the Stopper that will be consulted to determine whether to stop execution early.
   * @param configMap a Map of properties that can be used by this WordSpec's executing tests.
   * @throws NullPointerException if any of testName, reporter, stopper, or configMap
   *     is null.
   */
  protected override def runTest(testName: String, reporter: Reporter, stopper: Stopper, configMap: Map[String, Any], tracker: Tracker) {

    def invokeWithFixture(theTest: TestLeaf) {
      theTest.testFun match {
        case wrapper: NoArgTestWrapper[_] =>
          withFixture(new FixturelessTestFunAndConfigMap(testName, wrapper.test, configMap))
        case fun => withFixture(new TestFunAndConfigMap(testName, fun, configMap))
      }
    }

    runTestImpl(thisSuite, testName, reporter, stopper, configMap, tracker, true, invokeWithFixture)
  }

  /**
   * 

   * Run zero to many of this WordSpec's tests.
   * 
   *
   * 

   * This method takes a testName parameter that optionally specifies a test to invoke.
   * If testName is Some, this trait's implementation of this method
   * invokes runTest on this object, passing in:
   * 
   *
   * 

   * 
testName - the String value of the testName Option passed
   *   to this method
   * 
reporter - the Reporter passed to this method, or one that wraps and delegates to it
   * 
stopper - the Stopper passed to this method, or one that wraps and delegates to it
   * 
configMap - the configMap passed to this method, or one that wraps and delegates to it
   * 
   *
   * 

   * This method takes a Set of tag names that should be included (tagsToInclude), and a Set
   * that should be excluded (tagsToExclude), when deciding which of this Suite's tests to execute.
   * If tagsToInclude is empty, all tests will be executed
   * except those those belonging to tags listed in the tagsToExclude Set. If tagsToInclude is non-empty, only tests
   * belonging to tags mentioned in tagsToInclude, and not mentioned in tagsToExclude
   * will be executed. However, if testName is Some, tagsToInclude and tagsToExclude are essentially ignored.
   * Only if testName is None will tagsToInclude and tagsToExclude be consulted to
   * determine which of the tests named in the testNames Set should be run. For more information on trait tags, see the main documentation for this trait.
   * 
   *
   * 

   * If testName is None, this trait's implementation of this method
   * invokes testNames on this Suite to get a Set of names of tests to potentially execute.
   * (A testNames value of None essentially acts as a wildcard that means all tests in
   * this Suite that are selected by tagsToInclude and tagsToExclude should be executed.)
   * For each test in the testName Set, in the order
   * they appear in the iterator obtained by invoking the elements method on the Set, this trait's implementation
   * of this method checks whether the test should be run based on the tagsToInclude and tagsToExclude Sets.
   * If so, this implementation invokes runTest, passing in:
   * 
   *
   * 

   * 
testName - the String name of the test to run (which will be one of the names in the testNames Set)
   * 
reporter - the Reporter passed to this method, or one that wraps and delegates to it
   * 
stopper - the Stopper passed to this method, or one that wraps and delegates to it
   * 
configMap - the configMap passed to this method, or one that wraps and delegates to it
   * 
   *
   * @param testName an optional name of one test to execute. If None, all relevant tests should be executed.
   *                 I.e., None acts like a wildcard that means execute all relevant tests in this WordSpec.
   * @param reporter the Reporter to which results will be reported
   * @param stopper the Stopper that will be consulted to determine whether to stop execution early.
   * @param tagsToInclude a Set of String tag names to include in the execution of this WordSpec
   * @param tagsToExclude a Set of String tag names to exclude in the execution of this WordSpec
   * @param configMap a Map of key-value pairs that can be used by this WordSpec's executing tests.
   * @throws NullPointerException if any of testName, reporter, stopper, tagsToInclude,
   *     tagsToExclude, or configMap is null.
   */
  protected override def runTests(testName: Option[String], reporter: Reporter, stopper: Stopper, filter: Filter,
      configMap: Map[String, Any], distributor: Option[Distributor], tracker: Tracker) {

    runTestsImpl(thisSuite, testName, reporter, stopper, filter, configMap, distributor, tracker, info, true, runTest)
  }

  /**
   * An immutable Set of test names. If this fixture.WordSpec contains no tests, this method returns an
   * empty Set.
   *
   * 

   * This trait's implementation of this method will return a set that contains the names of all registered tests. The set's
   * iterator will return those names in the order in which the tests were registered. Each test's name is composed
   * of the concatenation of the text of each surrounding describer, in order from outside in, and the text of the
   * example itself, with all components separated by a space.
   * 
   */
  override def testNames: Set[String] = {
    // I'm returning a ListSet here so that they tests will be run in registration order
    ListSet(atomic.get.testNamesList.toArray: _*)
  }

  override def run(testName: Option[String], reporter: Reporter, stopper: Stopper, filter: Filter,
      configMap: Map[String, Any], distributor: Option[Distributor], tracker: Tracker) {

    runImpl(thisSuite, testName, reporter, stopper, filter, configMap, distributor, tracker, super.run)
  }

  /**
   * Supports shared test registration in fixture.WordSpecs.
   *
   * 

   * This field enables syntax such as the following:
   * 
   *
   * 
   * behave like nonFullStack(stackWithOneItem)
   * ^
   * 
   *
   * 

   * For more information and examples of the use of behave, see the Shared tests section
   * in the main documentation for trait org.scalatest.WordSpec.
   * 
   */
  protected val behave = new BehaveWord
  
  /**
   * Suite style name.
   */
  final override val styleName: String = "org.scalatest.fixture.WordSpec"
}