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Why is this an issue?

Needing to cast from an interface to a concrete type indicates that something is wrong with the abstractions in use, likely that something is missing from the interface. Instead of casting to a discrete type, the missing functionality should be added to the interface. Otherwise there is a risk of runtime exceptions.

Noncompliant code example

public interface IMyInterface
{
  void DoStuff();
}

public class MyClass1 : IMyInterface
{
  public int Data { get { return new Random().Next(); } }

  public void DoStuff()
  {
    // TODO...
  }
}

public static class DowncastExampleProgram
{
  static void EntryPoint(IMyInterface interfaceRef)
  {
    MyClass1 class1 = (MyClass1)interfaceRef;  // Noncompliant
    int privateData = class1.Data;

    class1 = interfaceRef as MyClass1;  // Noncompliant
    if (class1 != null)
    {
      // ...
    }
  }
}

Exceptions

Casting to object doesn’t raise an issue, because it can never fail.

static void EntryPoint(IMyInterface interfaceRef)
{
  var o = (object)interfaceRef;
  ...
}




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