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Why is this an issue?

Passing a parameter by reference, which is what happens when you use the out or ref parameter modifiers, means that the method will receive a pointer to the argument, rather than the argument itself. If the argument was a value type, the method will be able to change the argument’s values. If it was a reference type, then the method receives a pointer to a pointer, which is usually not what was intended. Even when it is what was intended, this is the sort of thing that’s difficult to get right, and should be used with caution.

This rule raises an issue when out or ref is used on a non-Optional parameter in a public method. Optional parameters are covered by {rule:csharpsquid:S3447}.

Noncompliant code example

public void GetReply(
         ref MyClass input, // Noncompliant
         out string reply)  // Noncompliant
{ ... }

Compliant solution

public string GetReply(MyClass input)
{ ... }

public bool TryGetReply(MyClass input, out string reply)
{ ... }

public ReplyData GetReply(MyClass input)
{ ... }

internal void GetReply(ref MyClass input, out string reply)
{ ... }

Exceptions

This rule will not raise issues for:

  • non-public methods
  • methods with only 'out' parameters, name starting with "Try" and return type bool.
  • interface implementation methods




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