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/*
* Copyright 2015 The Error Prone Authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package shaded.shaded.com.google.errorprone.annotations.concurrent;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* Use this annotation on any static or field that will be initialized lazily, where races yield no
* semantic difference in the code (as, for example, is the case with {@link String#hashCode}). Note
* that lazily initializing a non-volatile field is hard to do correctly, and one should rarely use
* this. It should also only be done by developers who clearly understand the potential issues, and
* then, always using the pattern as presented in the {@code getData} method of this sample code
* below:
*
* {@code
* private final String source;
* {@literal @}LazyInit private String data;
*
* public String getData() {
* String local = data;
* if (local == null) {
* local = data = expensiveCalculation(source);
* }
* return local;
* }
*
* private static String expensiveCalculation(String string) {
* return string.replaceAll(" ", "_");
* }
* }
*
* The need for using the {@code local} variable is detailed in
* http://jeremymanson.blogspot.com/2008/12/benign-data-races-in-java.html (see, particularly, the
* part after "Now, let's break the code").
*
*
Also note that {@code LazyInit} must not be used on 64-bit primitives ({@code long}s and
* {@code double}s), because the Java Language Specification does not guarantee that writing to
* these is atomic. Furthermore, when used for non-primitives, the non-primitive must be either
* truly immutable or at least thread safe (in the Java memory model sense). And callers must
* accommodate the fact that different calls to something like the above getData() method may return
* different (though identically computed) objects, with different identityHashCode() values. Again,
* unless you really understand this and you really need the performance benefits of
* introducing the data race, do not use this construct.
*/
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
public @interface LazyInit {}