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/* ====================================================================
* The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
*
* Copyright (c) 2002 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights
* reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
*
* 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if
* any, must include the following acknowledgement:
* "This product includes software developed by the
* Apache Software Foundation (http://www.codehaus.org/)."
* Alternately, this acknowledgement may appear in the software itself,
* if and wherever such third-party acknowledgements normally appear.
*
* 4. The names "The Jakarta Project", "Commons", and "Apache Software
* Foundation" must not be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without prior written permission. For written
* permission, please contact [email protected].
*
* 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "Apache"
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*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION OR
* ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
* USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
* OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
* ====================================================================
*
* This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
* individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation. For more
* information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
*
* Common String manipulation routines.
*
*
* Originally from Turbine and the GenerationJavaCore library.
*
*
* @author Jon S. Stevens
* @author Daniel Rall
* @author Greg Coladonato
* @author Henri Yandell
* @author Ed Korthof
* @author Rand McNeely
* @author Stephen Colebourne
* @author Fredrik Westermarck
* @author Holger Krauth
* @author Alexander Day Chaffee
* @author Vincent Siveton
* @since 1.0
* @version $Id$
*/
public class StringUtils
{
/**
*
* StringUtils instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming. Instead, the class should
* be used as StringUtils.trim(" foo ");.
*
*
* This constructor is public to permit tools that require a JavaBean manager to operate.
*
*/
public StringUtils()
{
}
// Empty
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Removes control characters, including whitespace, from both ends of this String, handling null by
* returning an empty String.
*
*
* @see java.lang.String#trim()
* @param str the String to check
* @return the trimmed text (never null)
*/
public static String clean( String str )
{
return ( str == null ? "" : str.trim() );
}
/**
*
* Removes control characters, including whitespace, from both ends of this String, handling null by
* returning null.
*
*
* @see java.lang.String#trim()
* @param str the String to check
* @return the trimmed text (or null)
*/
public static String trim( String str )
{
return ( str == null ? null : str.trim() );
}
/**
*
* Deletes all whitespaces from a String.
*
*
* Whitespace is defined by {@link Character#isWhitespace(char)}.
*
*
* @param str String target to delete whitespace from
* @return the String without whitespaces
* @throws NullPointerException
*/
public static String deleteWhitespace( String str )
{
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
int sz = str.length();
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
if ( !Character.isWhitespace( str.charAt( i ) ) )
{
buffer.append( str.charAt( i ) );
}
}
return buffer.toString();
}
/**
*
* Checks if a String is non null and is not empty (length > 0).
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if the String is non-null, and not length zero
*/
public static boolean isNotEmpty( String str )
{
return ( ( str != null ) && ( !str.isEmpty() ) );
}
/**
*
* Checks if a (trimmed) String is null or empty.
*
*
* Note: In future releases, this method will no longer trim the input string such that it works
* complementary to {@link #isNotEmpty(String)}. Code that wants to test for whitespace-only strings should be
* migrated to use {@link #isBlank(String)} instead.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if the String is null, or length zero once trimmed
*/
public static boolean isEmpty( String str )
{
return ( ( str == null ) || ( str.trim().isEmpty() ) );
}
/**
*
* Checks if a String is whitespace, empty ("") or null.
*
*
*
* StringUtils.isBlank(null) = true
* StringUtils.isBlank("") = true
* StringUtils.isBlank(" ") = true
* StringUtils.isBlank("bob") = false
* StringUtils.isBlank(" bob ") = false
*
*
* @param str the String to check, may be null
* @return true if the String is null, empty or whitespace
* @since 1.5.2
*/
public static boolean isBlank( String str )
{
int strLen;
if ( str == null || ( strLen = str.length() ) == 0 )
{
return true;
}
for ( int i = 0; i < strLen; i++ )
{
if ( !Character.isWhitespace( str.charAt( i ) ) )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* Checks if a String is not empty (""), not null and not whitespace only.
*
*
*
* StringUtils.isNotBlank(null) = false
* StringUtils.isNotBlank("") = false
* StringUtils.isNotBlank(" ") = false
* StringUtils.isNotBlank("bob") = true
* StringUtils.isNotBlank(" bob ") = true
*
*
* @param str the String to check, may be null
* @return true if the String is not empty and not null and not whitespace
* @since 1.5.2
*/
public static boolean isNotBlank( String str )
{
return !StringUtils.isBlank( str );
}
// Equals and IndexOf
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Compares two Strings, returning true if they are equal.
*
*
* nulls are handled without exceptions. Two null references are considered to be equal.
* The comparison is case sensitive.
*
*
* @see java.lang.String#equals(Object)
* @param str1 the first string
* @param str2 the second string
* @return true if the Strings are equal, case sensitive, or both null
* @see Objects#equals(Object, Object)
*/
@Deprecated
public static boolean equals( String str1, String str2 )
{
return Objects.equals( str1, str2 );
}
/**
*
* Compares two Strings, returning true if they are equal ignoring the case.
*
*
* Nulls are handled without exceptions. Two null references are considered equal.
* Comparison is case insensitive.
*
*
* @see java.lang.String#equalsIgnoreCase(String)
* @param str1 the first string
* @param str2 the second string
* @return true if the Strings are equal, case insensitive, or both null
*/
public static boolean equalsIgnoreCase( String str1, String str2 )
{
return ( str1 == null ? str2 == null : str1.equalsIgnoreCase( str2 ) );
}
/**
*
* Find the first index of any of a set of potential substrings.
*
*
* null String will return -1.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @param searchStrs the Strings to search for
* @return the first index of any of the searchStrs in str
* @throws NullPointerException if any of searchStrs[i] is null
*/
public static int indexOfAny( String str, String[] searchStrs )
{
if ( ( str == null ) || ( searchStrs == null ) )
{
return -1;
}
int sz = searchStrs.length;
// String's can't have a MAX_VALUEth index.
int ret = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int tmp;
for ( String searchStr : searchStrs )
{
tmp = str.indexOf( searchStr );
if ( tmp == -1 )
{
continue;
}
if ( tmp < ret )
{
ret = tmp;
}
}
return ( ret == Integer.MAX_VALUE ) ? -1 : ret;
}
/**
*
* Find the latest index of any of a set of potential substrings.
*
*
* null string will return -1.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @param searchStrs the Strings to search for
* @return the last index of any of the Strings
* @throws NullPointerException if any of searchStrs[i] is null
*/
public static int lastIndexOfAny( String str, String[] searchStrs )
{
if ( ( str == null ) || ( searchStrs == null ) )
{
return -1;
}
int ret = -1;
int tmp;
for ( String searchStr : searchStrs )
{
tmp = str.lastIndexOf( searchStr );
if ( tmp > ret )
{
ret = tmp;
}
}
return ret;
}
// Substring
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Gets a substring from the specified string avoiding exceptions.
*
*
* A negative start position can be used to start n characters from the end of the String.
*
*
* @param str the String to get the substring from
* @param start the position to start from, negative means count back from the end of the String by this many
* characters
* @return substring from start position
*/
public static String substring( String str, int start )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
// handle negatives, which means last n characters
if ( start < 0 )
{
start = str.length() + start; // remember start is negative
}
if ( start < 0 )
{
start = 0;
}
if ( start > str.length() )
{
return "";
}
return str.substring( start );
}
/**
*
* Gets a substring from the specified String avoiding exceptions.
*
*
* A negative start position can be used to start/end n characters from the end of the String.
*
*
* @param str the String to get the substring from
* @param start the position to start from, negative means count back from the end of the string by this many
* characters
* @param end the position to end at (exclusive), negative means count back from the end of the String by this many
* characters
* @return substring from start position to end position
*/
public static String substring( String str, int start, int end )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
// handle negatives
if ( end < 0 )
{
end = str.length() + end; // remember end is negative
}
if ( start < 0 )
{
start = str.length() + start; // remember start is negative
}
// check length next
if ( end > str.length() )
{
// check this works.
end = str.length();
}
// if start is greater than end, return ""
if ( start > end )
{
return "";
}
if ( start < 0 )
{
start = 0;
}
if ( end < 0 )
{
end = 0;
}
return str.substring( start, end );
}
/**
*
* Gets the leftmost n characters of a String.
*
*
* If n characters are not available, or the String is null, the String will be returned
* without an exception.
*
*
* @param str the String to get the leftmost characters from
* @param len the length of the required String
* @return the leftmost characters
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if len is less than zero
*/
public static String left( String str, int len )
{
if ( len < 0 )
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Requested String length " + len + " is less than zero" );
}
if ( ( str == null ) || ( str.length() <= len ) )
{
return str;
}
else
{
return str.substring( 0, len );
}
}
/**
*
* Gets the rightmost n characters of a String.
*
*
* If n characters are not available, or the String is null, the String will be returned
* without an exception.
*
*
* @param str the String to get the rightmost characters from
* @param len the length of the required String
* @return the leftmost characters
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if len is less than zero
*/
public static String right( String str, int len )
{
if ( len < 0 )
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Requested String length " + len + " is less than zero" );
}
if ( ( str == null ) || ( str.length() <= len ) )
{
return str;
}
else
{
return str.substring( str.length() - len );
}
}
/**
*
* Gets n characters from the middle of a String.
*
*
* If n characters are not available, the remainder of the String will be returned without an
* exception. If the String is null, null will be returned.
*
*
* @param str the String to get the characters from
* @param pos the position to start from
* @param len the length of the required String
* @return the leftmost characters
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if pos is out of bounds
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if len is less than zero
*/
public static String mid( String str, int pos, int len )
{
if ( ( pos < 0 ) || ( ( str != null ) && ( pos > str.length() ) ) )
{
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException( "String index " + pos + " is out of bounds" );
}
if ( len < 0 )
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Requested String length " + len + " is less than zero" );
}
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
if ( str.length() <= ( pos + len ) )
{
return str.substring( pos );
}
else
{
return str.substring( pos, pos + len );
}
}
// Splitting
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Splits the provided text into a array, using whitespace as the separator.
*
*
* The separator is not included in the returned String array.
*
*
* @param str the String to parse
* @return an array of parsed Strings
*/
public static String[] split( String str )
{
return split( str, null, -1 );
}
/**
* @see #split(String, String, int)
*/
public static String[] split( String text, String separator )
{
return split( text, separator, -1 );
}
/**
*
* Splits the provided text into a array, based on a given separator.
*
*
* The separator is not included in the returned String array. The maximum number of splits to perform can be
* controlled. A null separator will cause parsing to be on whitespace.
*
*
* This is useful for quickly splitting a String directly into an array of tokens, instead of an enumeration of
* tokens (as StringTokenizer does).
*
*
* @param str The string to parse.
* @param separator Characters used as the delimiters. If null, splits on whitespace.
* @param max The maximum number of elements to include in the array. A zero or negative value implies no limit.
* @return an array of parsed Strings
*/
public static String[] split( String str, String separator, int max )
{
StringTokenizer tok;
if ( separator == null )
{
// Null separator means we're using StringTokenizer's default
// delimiter, which comprises all whitespace characters.
tok = new StringTokenizer( str );
}
else
{
tok = new StringTokenizer( str, separator );
}
int listSize = tok.countTokens();
if ( ( max > 0 ) && ( listSize > max ) )
{
listSize = max;
}
String[] list = new String[listSize];
int i = 0;
int lastTokenBegin;
int lastTokenEnd = 0;
while ( tok.hasMoreTokens() )
{
if ( ( max > 0 ) && ( i == listSize - 1 ) )
{
// In the situation where we hit the max yet have
// tokens left over in our input, the last list
// element gets all remaining text.
String endToken = tok.nextToken();
lastTokenBegin = str.indexOf( endToken, lastTokenEnd );
list[i] = str.substring( lastTokenBegin );
break;
}
else
{
list[i] = tok.nextToken();
lastTokenBegin = str.indexOf( list[i], lastTokenEnd );
lastTokenEnd = lastTokenBegin + list[i].length();
}
i++;
}
return list;
}
// Joining
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Concatenates elements of an array into a single String.
*
*
* The difference from join is that concatenate has no delimiter.
*
*
* @param array the array of values to concatenate.
* @return the concatenated string.
*/
public static String concatenate( Object[] array )
{
return join( array, "" );
}
/**
*
* Joins the elements of the provided array into a single String containing the provided list of elements.
*
*
* No delimiter is added before or after the list. A null separator is the same as a blank String.
*
*
* @param array the array of values to join together
* @param separator the separator character to use
* @return the joined String
*/
public static String join( Object[] array, String separator )
{
if ( separator == null )
{
separator = "";
}
int arraySize = array.length;
int bufSize = ( arraySize == 0 ? 0 : ( array[0].toString().length() + separator.length() ) * arraySize );
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder( bufSize );
for ( int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++ )
{
if ( i > 0 )
{
buf.append( separator );
}
buf.append( array[i] );
}
return buf.toString();
}
/**
*
* Joins the elements of the provided Iterator into a single String containing the provided elements.
*
*
* No delimiter is added before or after the list. A null separator is the same as a blank String.
*
*
* @param iterator the Iterator of values to join together
* @param separator the separator character to use
* @return the joined String
*/
public static String join( Iterator iterator, String separator )
{
if ( separator == null )
{
separator = "";
}
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder( 256 ); // Java default is 16, probably too small
while ( iterator.hasNext() )
{
buf.append( iterator.next() );
if ( iterator.hasNext() )
{
buf.append( separator );
}
}
return buf.toString();
}
// Replacing
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Replace a char with another char inside a larger String, once.
*
*
* A null reference passed to this method is a no-op.
*
*
* @see #replace(String text, char repl, char with, int max)
* @param text text to search and replace in
* @param repl char to search for
* @param with char to replace with
* @return the text with any replacements processed
*/
public static String replaceOnce( String text, char repl, char with )
{
return replace( text, repl, with, 1 );
}
/**
*
* Replace all occurrences of a char within another char.
*
*
* A null reference passed to this method is a no-op.
*
*
* @see #replace(String text, char repl, char with, int max)
* @param text text to search and replace in
* @param repl char to search for
* @param with char to replace with
* @return the text with any replacements processed
*/
public static String replace( String text, char repl, char with )
{
return replace( text, repl, with, -1 );
}
/**
*
* Replace a char with another char inside a larger String, for the first max values of the search
* char.
*
*
* A null reference passed to this method is a no-op.
*
*
* @param text text to search and replace in
* @param repl char to search for
* @param with char to replace with
* @param max maximum number of values to replace, or -1 if no maximum
* @return the text with any replacements processed
*/
public static String replace( String text, char repl, char with, int max )
{
return replace( text, String.valueOf( repl ), String.valueOf( with ), max );
}
/**
*
* Replace a String with another String inside a larger String, once.
*
*
* A null reference passed to this method is a no-op.
*
*
* @see #replace(String text, String repl, String with, int max)
* @param text text to search and replace in
* @param repl String to search for
* @param with String to replace with
* @return the text with any replacements processed
*/
public static String replaceOnce( String text, String repl, String with )
{
return replace( text, repl, with, 1 );
}
/**
*
* Replace all occurrences of a String within another String.
*
*
* A null reference passed to this method is a no-op.
*
*
* @see #replace(String text, String repl, String with, int max)
* @param text text to search and replace in
* @param repl String to search for
* @param with String to replace with
* @return the text with any replacements processed
*/
public static String replace( String text, String repl, String with )
{
return replace( text, repl, with, -1 );
}
/**
*
* Replace a String with another String inside a larger String, for the first max values of the search
* String.
*
*
* A null reference passed to this method is a no-op.
*
*
* @param text text to search and replace in
* @param repl String to search for
* @param with String to replace with
* @param max maximum number of values to replace, or -1 if no maximum
* @return the text with any replacements processed
*/
public static String replace( String text, String repl, String with, int max )
{
if ( ( text == null ) || ( repl == null ) || ( with == null ) || ( repl.length() == 0 ) )
{
return text;
}
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder( text.length() );
int start = 0, end;
while ( ( end = text.indexOf( repl, start ) ) != -1 )
{
buf.append( text, start, end ).append( with );
start = end + repl.length();
if ( --max == 0 )
{
break;
}
}
buf.append( text, start, text.length() );
return buf.toString();
}
/**
*
* Overlay a part of a String with another String.
*
*
* @param text String to do overlaying in
* @param overlay String to overlay
* @param start int to start overlaying at
* @param end int to stop overlaying before
* @return String with overlayed text
* @throws NullPointerException if text or overlay is null
*/
public static String overlayString( String text, String overlay, int start, int end )
{
return new StringBuilder( start + overlay.length() + text.length() - end
+ 1 ).append( text, 0, start ).append( overlay ).append( text, end, text.length() ).toString();
}
// Centering
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Center a String in a larger String of size n.
*
*
* Uses spaces as the value to buffer the String with. Equivalent to center(str, size, " ").
*
*
* @param str String to center
* @param size int size of new String
* @return String containing centered String
* @throws NullPointerException if str is null
*/
public static String center( String str, int size )
{
return center( str, size, " " );
}
/**
*
* Center a String in a larger String of size n.
*
*
* Uses a supplied String as the value to buffer the String with.
*
*
* @param str String to center
* @param size int size of new String
* @param delim String to buffer the new String with
* @return String containing centered String
* @throws NullPointerException if str or delim is null
* @throws ArithmeticException if delim is the empty String
*/
public static String center( String str, int size, String delim )
{
int sz = str.length();
int p = size - sz;
if ( p < 1 )
{
return str;
}
str = leftPad( str, sz + p / 2, delim );
str = rightPad( str, size, delim );
return str;
}
// Chomping
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Remove the last newline, and everything after it from a String.
*
*
* @param str String to chomp the newline from
* @return String without chomped newline
* @throws NullPointerException if str is null
*/
public static String chomp( String str )
{
return chomp( str, "\n" );
}
/**
*
* Remove the last value of a supplied String, and everything after it from a String.
*
*
* @param str String to chomp from
* @param sep String to chomp
* @return String without chomped ending
* @throws NullPointerException if str or sep is null
*/
public static String chomp( String str, String sep )
{
int idx = str.lastIndexOf( sep );
if ( idx != -1 )
{
return str.substring( 0, idx );
}
else
{
return str;
}
}
/**
*
* Remove a newline if and only if it is at the end of the supplied String.
*
*
* @param str String to chomp from
* @return String without chomped ending
* @throws NullPointerException if str is null
*/
public static String chompLast( String str )
{
return chompLast( str, "\n" );
}
/**
*
* Remove a value if and only if the String ends with that value.
*
*
* @param str String to chomp from
* @param sep String to chomp
* @return String without chomped ending
* @throws NullPointerException if str or sep is null
*/
public static String chompLast( String str, String sep )
{
if ( str.length() == 0 )
{
return str;
}
String sub = str.substring( str.length() - sep.length() );
if ( sep.equals( sub ) )
{
return str.substring( 0, str.length() - sep.length() );
}
else
{
return str;
}
}
/**
*
* Remove everything and return the last value of a supplied String, and everything after it from a String.
*
*
* @param str String to chomp from
* @param sep String to chomp
* @return String chomped
* @throws NullPointerException if str or sep is null
*/
public static String getChomp( String str, String sep )
{
int idx = str.lastIndexOf( sep );
if ( idx == str.length() - sep.length() )
{
return sep;
}
else if ( idx != -1 )
{
return str.substring( idx );
}
else
{
return "";
}
}
/**
*
* Remove the first value of a supplied String, and everything before it from a String.
*
*
* @param str String to chomp from
* @param sep String to chomp
* @return String without chomped beginning
* @throws NullPointerException if str or sep is null
*/
public static String prechomp( String str, String sep )
{
int idx = str.indexOf( sep );
if ( idx != -1 )
{
return str.substring( idx + sep.length() );
}
else
{
return str;
}
}
/**
*
* Remove and return everything before the first value of a supplied String from another String.
*
*
* @param str String to chomp from
* @param sep String to chomp
* @return String prechomped
* @throws NullPointerException if str or sep is null
*/
public static String getPrechomp( String str, String sep )
{
int idx = str.indexOf( sep );
if ( idx != -1 )
{
return str.substring( 0, idx + sep.length() );
}
else
{
return "";
}
}
// Chopping
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Remove the last character from a String.
*
*
* If the String ends in \r\n, then remove both of them.
*
*
* @param str String to chop last character from
* @return String without last character
* @throws NullPointerException if str is null
*/
public static String chop( String str )
{
if ( "".equals( str ) )
{
return "";
}
if ( str.length() == 1 )
{
return "";
}
int lastIdx = str.length() - 1;
String ret = str.substring( 0, lastIdx );
char last = str.charAt( lastIdx );
if ( last == '\n' )
{
if ( ret.charAt( lastIdx - 1 ) == '\r' )
{
return ret.substring( 0, lastIdx - 1 );
}
}
return ret;
}
/**
*
* Remove \n from end of a String if it's there. If a \r precedes it, then remove that
* too.
*
*
* @param str String to chop a newline from
* @return String without newline
* @throws NullPointerException if str is null
*/
public static String chopNewline( String str )
{
int lastIdx = str.length() - 1;
char last = str.charAt( lastIdx );
if ( last == '\n' )
{
if ( str.charAt( lastIdx - 1 ) == '\r' )
{
lastIdx--;
}
}
else
{
lastIdx++;
}
return str.substring( 0, lastIdx );
}
// Conversion
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
// spec 3.10.6
/**
*
* Escapes any values it finds into their String form.
*
*
* So a tab becomes the characters '\\' and 't'.
*
*
* @param str String to escape values in
* @return String with escaped values
* @throws NullPointerException if str is null
*/
public static String escape( String str )
{
// improved with code from [email protected]
// unicode from him, and default for < 32's.
int sz = str.length();
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder( 2 * sz );
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
char ch = str.charAt( i );
// handle unicode
if ( ch > 0xfff )
{
buffer.append( "\\u" + Integer.toHexString( ch ) );
}
else if ( ch > 0xff )
{
buffer.append( "\\u0" + Integer.toHexString( ch ) );
}
else if ( ch > 0x7f )
{
buffer.append( "\\u00" + Integer.toHexString( ch ) );
}
else if ( ch < 32 )
{
switch ( ch )
{
case '\b':
buffer.append( '\\' );
buffer.append( 'b' );
break;
case '\n':
buffer.append( '\\' );
buffer.append( 'n' );
break;
case '\t':
buffer.append( '\\' );
buffer.append( 't' );
break;
case '\f':
buffer.append( '\\' );
buffer.append( 'f' );
break;
case '\r':
buffer.append( '\\' );
buffer.append( 'r' );
break;
default:
if ( ch > 0xf )
{
buffer.append( "\\u00" + Integer.toHexString( ch ) );
}
else
{
buffer.append( "\\u000" + Integer.toHexString( ch ) );
}
break;
}
}
else
{
switch ( ch )
{
case '\'':
buffer.append( '\\' );
buffer.append( '\'' );
break;
case '"':
buffer.append( '\\' );
buffer.append( '"' );
break;
case '\\':
buffer.append( '\\' );
buffer.append( '\\' );
break;
default:
buffer.append( ch );
break;
}
}
}
return buffer.toString();
}
// Padding
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Repeat a String n times to form a new string.
*
*
* @param str String to repeat
* @param repeat number of times to repeat str
* @return String with repeated String
* @throws NegativeArraySizeException if repeat < 0
* @throws NullPointerException if str is null
*/
public static String repeat( String str, int repeat )
{
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder( repeat * str.length() );
for ( int i = 0; i < repeat; i++ )
{
buffer.append( str );
}
return buffer.toString();
}
/**
*
* Right pad a String with spaces.
*
*
* The String is padded to the size of n.
*
*
* @param str String to repeat
* @param size number of times to repeat str
* @return right padded String
* @throws NullPointerException if str is null
*/
public static String rightPad( String str, int size )
{
return rightPad( str, size, " " );
}
/**
*
* Right pad a String with a specified string.
*
*
* The String is padded to the size of n.
*
*
* @param str String to pad out
* @param size size to pad to
* @param delim String to pad with
* @return right padded String
* @throws NullPointerException if str or delim is null
* @throws ArithmeticException if delim is the empty String
*/
public static String rightPad( String str, int size, String delim )
{
size = ( size - str.length() ) / delim.length();
if ( size > 0 )
{
str += repeat( delim, size );
}
return str;
}
/**
*
* Left pad a String with spaces.
*
*
* The String is padded to the size of n.
*
*
* @param str String to pad out
* @param size size to pad to
* @return left padded String
* @throws NullPointerException if str or delim is null
*/
public static String leftPad( String str, int size )
{
return leftPad( str, size, " " );
}
/**
* Left pad a String with a specified string. Pad to a size of n.
*
* @param str String to pad out
* @param size size to pad to
* @param delim String to pad with
* @return left padded String
* @throws NullPointerException if str or delim is null
* @throws ArithmeticException if delim is the empty string
*/
public static String leftPad( String str, int size, String delim )
{
size = ( size - str.length() ) / delim.length();
if ( size > 0 )
{
str = repeat( delim, size ) + str;
}
return str;
}
// Stripping
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Remove whitespace from the front and back of a String.
*
*
* @param str the String to remove whitespace from
* @return the stripped String
*/
public static String strip( String str )
{
return strip( str, null );
}
/**
*
* Remove a specified String from the front and back of a String.
*
*
* If whitespace is wanted to be removed, used the {@link #strip(java.lang.String)} method.
*
*
* @param str the String to remove a string from
* @param delim the String to remove at start and end
* @return the stripped String
*/
public static String strip( String str, String delim )
{
str = stripStart( str, delim );
return stripEnd( str, delim );
}
/**
*
* Strip whitespace from the front and back of every String in the array.
*
*
* @param strs the Strings to remove whitespace from
* @return the stripped Strings
*/
public static String[] stripAll( String[] strs )
{
return stripAll( strs, null );
}
/**
*
* Strip the specified delimiter from the front and back of every String in the array.
*
*
* @param strs the Strings to remove a String from
* @param delimiter the String to remove at start and end
* @return the stripped Strings
*/
public static String[] stripAll( String[] strs, String delimiter )
{
if ( ( strs == null ) || ( strs.length == 0 ) )
{
return strs;
}
int sz = strs.length;
String[] newArr = new String[sz];
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
newArr[i] = strip( strs[i], delimiter );
}
return newArr;
}
/**
*
* Strip any of a supplied String from the end of a String.
*
*
* If the strip String is null, whitespace is stripped.
*
*
* @param str the String to remove characters from
* @param strip the String to remove
* @return the stripped String
*/
public static String stripEnd( String str, String strip )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
int end = str.length();
if ( strip == null )
{
while ( ( end != 0 ) && Character.isWhitespace( str.charAt( end - 1 ) ) )
{
end--;
}
}
else
{
while ( ( end != 0 ) && ( strip.indexOf( str.charAt( end - 1 ) ) != -1 ) )
{
end--;
}
}
return str.substring( 0, end );
}
/**
*
* Strip any of a supplied String from the start of a String.
*
*
* If the strip String is null, whitespace is stripped.
*
*
* @param str the String to remove characters from
* @param strip the String to remove
* @return the stripped String
*/
public static String stripStart( String str, String strip )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
int start = 0;
int sz = str.length();
if ( strip == null )
{
while ( ( start != sz ) && Character.isWhitespace( str.charAt( start ) ) )
{
start++;
}
}
else
{
while ( ( start != sz ) && ( strip.indexOf( str.charAt( start ) ) != -1 ) )
{
start++;
}
}
return str.substring( start );
}
// Case conversion
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Convert a String to upper case, null String returns null.
*
*
* @param str the String to uppercase
* @return the upper cased String
*/
public static String upperCase( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
return str.toUpperCase();
}
/**
*
* Convert a String to lower case, null String returns null.
*
*
* @param str the string to lowercase
* @return the lower cased String
*/
public static String lowerCase( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
return str.toLowerCase();
}
/**
*
* Uncapitalise a String.
*
*
* That is, convert the first character into lower-case. null is returned as null.
*
*
* @param str the String to uncapitalise
* @return uncapitalised String
*/
public static String uncapitalise( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
else if ( str.length() == 0 )
{
return "";
}
else
{
return new StringBuilder( str.length() ).append( Character.toLowerCase( str.charAt( 0 ) ) ).append( str, 1,
str.length() ).toString();
}
}
/**
*
* Capitalise a String.
*
*
* That is, convert the first character into title-case. null is returned as null.
*
*
* @param str the String to capitalise
* @return capitalised String
*/
public static String capitalise( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
else if ( str.length() == 0 )
{
return "";
}
else
{
return new StringBuilder( str.length() ).append( Character.toTitleCase( str.charAt( 0 ) ) ).append( str, 1,
str.length() ).toString();
}
}
/**
*
* Swaps the case of String.
*
*
* Properly looks after making sure the start of words are Titlecase and not Uppercase.
*
*
* null is returned as null.
*
*
* @param str the String to swap the case of
* @return the modified String
*/
public static String swapCase( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
int sz = str.length();
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder( sz );
boolean whitespace = false;
char ch;
char tmp;
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
ch = str.charAt( i );
if ( Character.isUpperCase( ch ) )
{
tmp = Character.toLowerCase( ch );
}
else if ( Character.isTitleCase( ch ) )
{
tmp = Character.toLowerCase( ch );
}
else if ( Character.isLowerCase( ch ) )
{
if ( whitespace )
{
tmp = Character.toTitleCase( ch );
}
else
{
tmp = Character.toUpperCase( ch );
}
}
else
{
tmp = ch;
}
buffer.append( tmp );
whitespace = Character.isWhitespace( ch );
}
return buffer.toString();
}
/**
*
* Capitalise all the words in a String.
*
*
* Uses {@link Character#isWhitespace(char)} as a separator between words.
*
*
* null will return null.
*
*
* @param str the String to capitalise
* @return capitalised String
*/
public static String capitaliseAllWords( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
int sz = str.length();
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder( sz );
boolean space = true;
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
char ch = str.charAt( i );
if ( Character.isWhitespace( ch ) )
{
buffer.append( ch );
space = true;
}
else if ( space )
{
buffer.append( Character.toTitleCase( ch ) );
space = false;
}
else
{
buffer.append( ch );
}
}
return buffer.toString();
}
/**
*
* Uncapitalise all the words in a string.
*
*
* Uses {@link Character#isWhitespace(char)} as a separator between words.
*
*
* null will return null.
*
*
* @param str the string to uncapitalise
* @return uncapitalised string
*/
public static String uncapitaliseAllWords( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
int sz = str.length();
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder( sz );
boolean space = true;
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
char ch = str.charAt( i );
if ( Character.isWhitespace( ch ) )
{
buffer.append( ch );
space = true;
}
else if ( space )
{
buffer.append( Character.toLowerCase( ch ) );
space = false;
}
else
{
buffer.append( ch );
}
}
return buffer.toString();
}
// Nested extraction
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Get the String that is nested in between two instances of the same String.
*
*
* If str is null, will return null.
*
*
* @param str the String containing nested-string
* @param tag the String before and after nested-string
* @return the String that was nested, or null
* @throws NullPointerException if tag is null
*/
public static String getNestedString( String str, String tag )
{
return getNestedString( str, tag, tag );
}
/**
*
* Get the String that is nested in between two Strings.
*
*
* @param str the String containing nested-string
* @param open the String before nested-string
* @param close the String after nested-string
* @return the String that was nested, or null
* @throws NullPointerException if open or close is null
*/
public static String getNestedString( String str, String open, String close )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
int start = str.indexOf( open );
if ( start != -1 )
{
int end = str.indexOf( close, start + open.length() );
if ( end != -1 )
{
return str.substring( start + open.length(), end );
}
}
return null;
}
/**
*
* How many times is the substring in the larger String.
*
*
* null returns 0.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @param sub the substring to count
* @return the number of occurrences, 0 if the String is null
* @throws NullPointerException if sub is null
*/
public static int countMatches( String str, String sub )
{
if ( sub.equals( "" ) )
{
return 0;
}
if ( str == null )
{
return 0;
}
int count = 0;
int idx = 0;
while ( ( idx = str.indexOf( sub, idx ) ) != -1 )
{
count++;
idx += sub.length();
}
return count;
}
// Character Tests
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Checks if the String contains only unicode letters.
*
*
* null will return false. An empty String will return true.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if only contains letters, and is non-null
*/
public static boolean isAlpha( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return false;
}
int sz = str.length();
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
if ( Character.isLetter( str.charAt( i ) ) == false )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* Checks if the String contains only whitespace.
*
*
* null will return false. An empty String will return true.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if only contains whitespace, and is non-null
*/
public static boolean isWhitespace( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return false;
}
int sz = str.length();
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
if ( ( Character.isWhitespace( str.charAt( i ) ) == false ) )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* Checks if the String contains only unicode letters and space (' ').
*
*
* null will return false. An empty String will return true.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if only contains letters and space, and is non-null
*/
public static boolean isAlphaSpace( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return false;
}
int sz = str.length();
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
if ( ( Character.isLetter( str.charAt( i ) ) == false ) && ( str.charAt( i ) != ' ' ) )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* Checks if the String contains only unicode letters or digits.
*
*
* null will return false. An empty String will return true.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if only contains letters or digits, and is non-null
*/
public static boolean isAlphanumeric( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return false;
}
int sz = str.length();
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
if ( Character.isLetterOrDigit( str.charAt( i ) ) == false )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* Checks if the String contains only unicode letters, digits or space (' ').
*
*
* null will return false. An empty String will return true.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if only contains letters, digits or space, and is non-null
*/
public static boolean isAlphanumericSpace( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return false;
}
int sz = str.length();
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
if ( ( Character.isLetterOrDigit( str.charAt( i ) ) == false ) && ( str.charAt( i ) != ' ' ) )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* Checks if the String contains only unicode digits.
*
*
* null will return false. An empty String will return true.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if only contains digits, and is non-null
*/
public static boolean isNumeric( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return false;
}
int sz = str.length();
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
if ( Character.isDigit( str.charAt( i ) ) == false )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
*
* Checks if the String contains only unicode digits or space (' ').
*
*
* null will return false. An empty String will return true.
*
*
* @param str the String to check
* @return true if only contains digits or space, and is non-null
*/
public static boolean isNumericSpace( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return false;
}
int sz = str.length();
for ( int i = 0; i < sz; i++ )
{
if ( ( Character.isDigit( str.charAt( i ) ) == false ) && ( str.charAt( i ) != ' ' ) )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// Defaults
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Returns either the passed in Object as a String, or, if the Object is
* null, an empty String.
*
*
* @param obj the Object to check
* @return the passed in Object's toString, or blank if it was null
* @see Objects#toString(Object, String)
*/
@Deprecated
public static String defaultString( Object obj )
{
return defaultString( obj, "" );
}
/**
*
* Returns either the passed in Object as a String, or, if the Object is
* null, a passed in default String.
*
*
* @param obj the Object to check
* @param defaultString the default String to return if str is null
* @return the passed in string, or the default if it was null
* @see Objects#toString(Object, String)
*/
@Deprecated
public static String defaultString( Object obj, String defaultString )
{
return Objects.toString( obj, defaultString );
}
// Reversing
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
*
* Reverse a String.
*
*
* null String returns null.
*
*
* @param str the String to reverse
* @return the reversed String
*/
public static String reverse( String str )
{
if ( str == null )
{
return null;
}
return new StringBuilder( str ).reverse().toString();
}
/**
*
* Reverses a String that is delimited by a specific character.
*
*
* The Strings between the delimiters are not reversed. Thus java.lang.String becomes String.lang.java (if the
* delimiter is '.').
*
*
* @param str the String to reverse
* @param delimiter the delimiter to use
* @return the reversed String
*/
public static String reverseDelimitedString( String str, String delimiter )
{
// could implement manually, but simple way is to reuse other,
// probably slower, methods.
String[] strs = split( str, delimiter );
reverseArray( strs );
return join( strs, delimiter );
}
/**
*
* Reverses an array.
*
*
* TAKEN FROM CollectionsUtils.
*
*
* @param array the array to reverse
*/
private static void reverseArray( Object[] array )
{
int i = 0;
int j = array.length - 1;
Object tmp;
while ( j > i )
{
tmp = array[j];
array[j] = array[i];
array[i] = tmp;
j--;
i++;
}
}
// Abbreviating
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Turn "Now is the time for all good men" into "Now is the time for..."
*
* Specifically:
*
* If str is less than max characters long, return it. Else abbreviate it to (substring(str, 0, max-3) + "..."). If
* maxWidth is less than 3, throw an IllegalArgumentException. In no case will it return a string of length greater
* than maxWidth.
*
* @param maxWidth maximum length of result string
**/
public static String abbreviate( String s, int maxWidth )
{
return abbreviate( s, 0, maxWidth );
}
/**
* Turn "Now is the time for all good men" into "...is the time for..."
*
* Works like abbreviate(String, int), but allows you to specify a "left edge" offset. Note that this left edge is
* not necessarily going to be the leftmost character in the result, or the first character following the ellipses,
* but it will appear somewhere in the result. In no case will it return a string of length greater than maxWidth.
*
* @param offset left edge of source string
* @param maxWidth maximum length of result string
**/
public static String abbreviate( String s, int offset, int maxWidth )
{
if ( maxWidth < 4 )
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Minimum abbreviation width is 4" );
}
if ( s.length() <= maxWidth )
{
return s;
}
if ( offset > s.length() )
{
offset = s.length();
}
if ( ( s.length() - offset ) < ( maxWidth - 3 ) )
{
offset = s.length() - ( maxWidth - 3 );
}
if ( offset <= 4 )
{
return s.substring( 0, maxWidth - 3 ) + "...";
}
if ( maxWidth < 7 )
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Minimum abbreviation width with offset is 7" );
}
if ( ( offset + ( maxWidth - 3 ) ) < s.length() )
{
return "..." + abbreviate( s.substring( offset ), maxWidth - 3 );
}
return "..." + s.substring( s.length() - ( maxWidth - 3 ) );
}
// Difference
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Compare two strings, and return the portion where they differ. (More precisely, return the remainder of the
* second string, starting from where it's different from the first.)
*
* E.g. strdiff("i am a machine", "i am a robot") -> "robot"
*
* @return the portion of s2 where it differs from s1; returns the empty string ("") if they are equal
**/
public static String difference( String s1, String s2 )
{
int at = differenceAt( s1, s2 );
if ( at == -1 )
{
return "";
}
return s2.substring( at );
}
/**
* Compare two strings, and return the index at which the strings begin to differ.
*
* E.g. strdiff("i am a machine", "i am a robot") -> 7
*
*
* @return the index where s2 and s1 begin to differ; -1 if they are equal
**/
public static int differenceAt( String s1, String s2 )
{
int i;
for ( i = 0; ( i < s1.length() ) && ( i < s2.length() ); ++i )
{
if ( s1.charAt( i ) != s2.charAt( i ) )
{
break;
}
}
if ( ( i < s2.length() ) || ( i < s1.length() ) )
{
return i;
}
return -1;
}
public static String interpolate( String text, Map namespace )
{
Iterator keys = namespace.keySet().iterator();
while ( keys.hasNext() )
{
String key = keys.next().toString();
Object obj = namespace.get( key );
if ( obj == null )
{
throw new NullPointerException( "The value of the key '" + key + "' is null." );
}
String value = obj.toString();
text = replace( text, "${" + key + "}", value );
if ( !key.contains( " " ) )
{
text = replace( text, "$" + key, value );
}
}
return text;
}
public static String removeAndHump( String data, String replaceThis )
{
String temp;
StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
temp = data;
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer( temp, replaceThis );
while ( st.hasMoreTokens() )
{
String element = (String) st.nextElement();
out.append( capitalizeFirstLetter( element ) );
}
return out.toString();
}
public static String capitalizeFirstLetter( String data )
{
char firstLetter = Character.toTitleCase( data.substring( 0, 1 ).charAt( 0 ) );
String restLetters = data.substring( 1 );
return firstLetter + restLetters;
}
public static String lowercaseFirstLetter( String data )
{
char firstLetter = Character.toLowerCase( data.substring( 0, 1 ).charAt( 0 ) );
String restLetters = data.substring( 1 );
return firstLetter + restLetters;
}
public static String addAndDeHump( String view )
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for ( int i = 0; i < view.length(); i++ )
{
if ( ( i != 0 ) && Character.isUpperCase( view.charAt( i ) ) )
{
sb.append( '-' );
}
sb.append( view.charAt( i ) );
}
return sb.toString().trim().toLowerCase( Locale.ENGLISH );
}
/**
*
* Quote and escape a String with the given character, handling null.
*
*
*
* StringUtils.quoteAndEscape(null, *) = null
* StringUtils.quoteAndEscape("", *) = ""
* StringUtils.quoteAndEscape("abc", '"') = abc
* StringUtils.quoteAndEscape("a\"bc", '"') = "a\"bc"
* StringUtils.quoteAndEscape("a\"bc", '\'') = 'a\"bc'
*
*
* @param source
* @param quoteChar
* @return the String quoted and escaped
* @since 1.5.1
* @see #quoteAndEscape(String, char, char[], char[], char, boolean)
*/
public static String quoteAndEscape( String source, char quoteChar )
{
return quoteAndEscape( source, quoteChar, new char[] { quoteChar }, new char[] { ' ' }, '\\', false );
}
/**
*
* Quote and escape a String with the given character, handling null.
*
*
* @param source
* @param quoteChar
* @param quotingTriggers
* @return the String quoted and escaped
* @since 1.5.1
* @see #quoteAndEscape(String, char, char[], char[], char, boolean)
*/
public static String quoteAndEscape( String source, char quoteChar, char[] quotingTriggers )
{
return quoteAndEscape( source, quoteChar, new char[] { quoteChar }, quotingTriggers, '\\', false );
}
/**
* @param source
* @param quoteChar
* @param escapedChars
* @param escapeChar
* @param force
* @return the String quoted and escaped
* @since 1.5.1
* @see #quoteAndEscape(String, char, char[], char[], char, boolean)
*/
public static String quoteAndEscape( String source, char quoteChar, final char[] escapedChars, char escapeChar,
boolean force )
{
return quoteAndEscape( source, quoteChar, escapedChars, new char[] { ' ' }, escapeChar, force );
}
/**
* @param source
* @param quoteChar
* @param escapedChars
* @param quotingTriggers
* @param escapeChar
* @param force
* @return the String quoted and escaped
* @since 1.5.1
*/
public static String quoteAndEscape( String source, char quoteChar, final char[] escapedChars,
final char[] quotingTriggers, char escapeChar, boolean force )
{
return quoteAndEscape( source, quoteChar, escapedChars, quotingTriggers, escapeChar + "%s", force );
}
/**
* @param source
* @param quoteChar
* @param escapedChars
* @param quotingTriggers
* @param escapePattern
* @param force
* @return the String quoted and escaped
* @since 3.0.4
*/
public static String quoteAndEscape( String source, char quoteChar, final char[] escapedChars,
final char[] quotingTriggers, String escapePattern, boolean force )
{
if ( source == null )
{
return null;
}
if ( !force && source.startsWith( Character.toString( quoteChar ) )
&& source.endsWith( Character.toString( quoteChar ) ) )
{
return source;
}
String escaped = escape( source, escapedChars, escapePattern );
boolean quote = false;
if ( force )
{
quote = true;
}
else if ( !escaped.equals( source ) )
{
quote = true;
}
else
{
for ( char quotingTrigger : quotingTriggers )
{
if ( escaped.indexOf( quotingTrigger ) > -1 )
{
quote = true;
break;
}
}
}
if ( quote )
{
return quoteChar + escaped + quoteChar;
}
return escaped;
}
/**
* @param source
* @param escapedChars
* @param escapeChar
* @return the String escaped
* @since 1.5.1
*/
public static String escape( String source, final char[] escapedChars, char escapeChar )
{
return escape( source, escapedChars, escapeChar + "%s" );
}
/**
* @param source
* @param escapedChars
* @param escapePattern
* @return the String escaped
* @since 3.0.4
*/
public static String escape( String source, final char[] escapedChars, String escapePattern )
{
if ( source == null )
{
return null;
}
char[] eqc = new char[escapedChars.length];
System.arraycopy( escapedChars, 0, eqc, 0, escapedChars.length );
Arrays.sort( eqc );
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder( source.length() );
for ( int i = 0; i < source.length(); i++ )
{
final char c = source.charAt( i );
int result = Arrays.binarySearch( eqc, c );
if ( result > -1 )
{
buffer.append( String.format( escapePattern, c ) );
}
else
{
buffer.append( c );
}
}
return buffer.toString();
}
/**
* Remove all duplicate whitespace characters and line terminators are replaced with a single space.
*
* @param s a not null String
* @return a string with unique whitespace.
* @since 1.5.7
*/
public static String removeDuplicateWhitespace( String s )
{
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
int length = s.length();
boolean isPreviousWhiteSpace = false;
for ( int i = 0; i < length; i++ )
{
char c = s.charAt( i );
boolean thisCharWhiteSpace = Character.isWhitespace( c );
if ( !( isPreviousWhiteSpace && thisCharWhiteSpace ) )
{
result.append( c );
}
isPreviousWhiteSpace = thisCharWhiteSpace;
}
return result.toString();
}
/**
* Parses the given String and replaces all occurrences of '\n', '\r' and '\r\n' with the system line separator.
*
* @param s a not null String
* @return a String that contains only System line separators.
* @see #unifyLineSeparators(String, String)
* @since 1.5.7
*/
public static String unifyLineSeparators( String s )
{
return unifyLineSeparators( s, System.getProperty( "line.separator" ) );
}
/**
* Parses the given String and replaces all occurrences of '\n', '\r' and '\r\n' with the system line separator.
*
* @param s a not null String
* @param ls the wanted line separator ("\n" on UNIX), if null using the System line separator.
* @return a String that contains only System line separators.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if ls is not '\n', '\r' and '\r\n' characters.
* @since 1.5.7
*/
public static String unifyLineSeparators( String s, String ls )
{
if ( s == null )
{
return null;
}
if ( ls == null )
{
ls = System.getProperty( "line.separator" );
}
if ( !( ls.equals( "\n" ) || ls.equals( "\r" ) || ls.equals( "\r\n" ) ) )
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Requested line separator is invalid." );
}
int length = s.length();
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder( length );
for ( int i = 0; i < length; i++ )
{
if ( s.charAt( i ) == '\r' )
{
if ( ( i + 1 ) < length && s.charAt( i + 1 ) == '\n' )
{
i++;
}
buffer.append( ls );
}
else if ( s.charAt( i ) == '\n' )
{
buffer.append( ls );
}
else
{
buffer.append( s.charAt( i ) );
}
}
return buffer.toString();
}
/**
*
* Checks if String contains a search character, handling null. This method uses
* {@link String#indexOf(int)}.
*
*
* A null or empty ("") String will return false.
*
*
*
* StringUtils.contains(null, *) = false
* StringUtils.contains("", *) = false
* StringUtils.contains("abc", 'a') = true
* StringUtils.contains("abc", 'z') = false
*
*
* @param str the String to check, may be null
* @param searchChar the character to find
* @return true if the String contains the search character, false if not or null string input
* @since 1.5.7
*/
public static boolean contains( String str, char searchChar )
{
if ( isEmpty( str ) )
{
return false;
}
return str.indexOf( searchChar ) >= 0;
}
/**
*
* Checks if String contains a search String, handling null. This method uses
* {@link String#indexOf(int)}.
*
*
* A null String will return false.
*
*
*
* StringUtils.contains(null, *) = false
* StringUtils.contains(*, null) = false
* StringUtils.contains("", "") = true
* StringUtils.contains("abc", "") = true
* StringUtils.contains("abc", "a") = true
* StringUtils.contains("abc", "z") = false
*
*
* @param str the String to check, may be null
* @param searchStr the String to find, may be null
* @return true if the String contains the search String, false if not or null string input
* @since 1.5.7
*/
public static boolean contains( String str, String searchStr )
{
if ( str == null || searchStr == null )
{
return false;
}
return str.contains( searchStr );
}
}