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/*
 * Copyright 2017-2024 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.springframework.data.redis.cache;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.function.Consumer;

import org.springframework.cache.Cache;
import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.SimpleKey;
import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.ConverterRegistry;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheWriter.TtlFunction;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;

/**
 * Immutable {@link RedisCacheConfiguration} used to customize {@link RedisCache} behavior, such as caching
 * {@literal null} values, computing cache key prefixes and handling binary serialization.
 * 

* Start with {@link RedisCacheConfiguration#defaultCacheConfig()} and customize {@link RedisCache} behavior * using the builder methods, such as {@link #entryTtl(Duration)}, {@link #serializeKeysWith(SerializationPair)} * and {@link #serializeValuesWith(SerializationPair)}. * * @author Christoph Strobl * @author Mark Paluch * @author John Blum * @since 2.0 */ public class RedisCacheConfiguration { protected static final boolean DEFAULT_CACHE_NULL_VALUES = true; protected static final boolean DEFAULT_ENABLE_TIME_TO_IDLE_EXPIRATION = false; protected static final boolean DEFAULT_USE_PREFIX = true; protected static final boolean DO_NOT_CACHE_NULL_VALUES = false; protected static final boolean DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX = false; protected static final boolean USE_TIME_TO_IDLE_EXPIRATION = true; /** * Default {@link RedisCacheConfiguration} using the following: *

*
key expiration
*
eternal
*
cache null values
*
yes
*
prefix cache keys
*
yes
*
default prefix
*
[the actual cache name]
*
key serializer
*
{@link org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer}
*
value serializer
*
{@link org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer}
*
conversion service
*
{@link DefaultFormattingConversionService} with {@link #registerDefaultConverters(ConverterRegistry) default} * cache key converters
*
* * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. */ public static RedisCacheConfiguration defaultCacheConfig() { return defaultCacheConfig(null); } /** * Create default {@link RedisCacheConfiguration} given {@link ClassLoader} using the following: *
*
key expiration
*
eternal
*
cache null values
*
yes
*
prefix cache keys
*
yes
*
default prefix
*
[the actual cache name]
*
key serializer
*
{@link org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer}
*
value serializer
*
{@link org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer}
*
conversion service
*
{@link DefaultFormattingConversionService} with {@link #registerDefaultConverters(ConverterRegistry) default} * cache key converters
*
* * @param classLoader the {@link ClassLoader} used for deserialization by the * {@link org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer}. * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. * @since 2.1 */ public static RedisCacheConfiguration defaultCacheConfig(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) { DefaultFormattingConversionService conversionService = new DefaultFormattingConversionService(); registerDefaultConverters(conversionService); return new RedisCacheConfiguration(TtlFunction.persistent(), DEFAULT_CACHE_NULL_VALUES, DEFAULT_ENABLE_TIME_TO_IDLE_EXPIRATION, DEFAULT_USE_PREFIX, CacheKeyPrefix.simple(), SerializationPair.fromSerializer(RedisSerializer.string()), SerializationPair.fromSerializer(RedisSerializer.java(classLoader)), conversionService); } private final boolean cacheNullValues; private final boolean enableTimeToIdle; private final boolean usePrefix; private final CacheKeyPrefix keyPrefix; private final ConversionService conversionService; private final SerializationPair keySerializationPair; private final SerializationPair valueSerializationPair; private final TtlFunction ttlFunction; @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private RedisCacheConfiguration(TtlFunction ttlFunction, Boolean cacheNullValues, Boolean enableTimeToIdle, Boolean usePrefix, CacheKeyPrefix keyPrefix, SerializationPair keySerializationPair, SerializationPair valueSerializationPair, ConversionService conversionService) { this.ttlFunction = ttlFunction; this.cacheNullValues = cacheNullValues; this.enableTimeToIdle = enableTimeToIdle; this.usePrefix = usePrefix; this.keyPrefix = keyPrefix; this.keySerializationPair = keySerializationPair; this.valueSerializationPair = (SerializationPair) valueSerializationPair; this.conversionService = conversionService; } /** * Prefix the {@link RedisCache#getName() cache name} with the given value.
* The generated cache key will be: {@code prefix + cache name + "::" + cache entry key}. * * @param prefix the prefix to prepend to the cache name. * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. * @see #computePrefixWith(CacheKeyPrefix) * @see CacheKeyPrefix#prefixed(String) * @since 2.3 */ public RedisCacheConfiguration prefixCacheNameWith(String prefix) { return computePrefixWith(CacheKeyPrefix.prefixed(prefix)); } /** * Use the given {@link CacheKeyPrefix} to compute the prefix for the actual Redis {@literal key} given the * {@literal cache name} as function input. * * @param cacheKeyPrefix must not be {@literal null}. * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. * @since 2.0.4 * @see CacheKeyPrefix */ public RedisCacheConfiguration computePrefixWith(CacheKeyPrefix cacheKeyPrefix) { Assert.notNull(cacheKeyPrefix, "Function used to compute prefix must not be null"); return new RedisCacheConfiguration(getTtlFunction(), getAllowCacheNullValues(), isTimeToIdleEnabled(), DEFAULT_USE_PREFIX, cacheKeyPrefix, getKeySerializationPair(), getValueSerializationPair(), getConversionService()); } /** * Disable caching {@literal null} values.
* NOTE any {@link org.springframework.cache.Cache#put(Object, Object)} operation involving * {@literal null} value will error. Nothing will be written to Redis, nothing will be removed. An already existing * key will still be there afterwards with the very same value as before. * * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. */ public RedisCacheConfiguration disableCachingNullValues() { return new RedisCacheConfiguration(getTtlFunction(), DO_NOT_CACHE_NULL_VALUES, isTimeToIdleEnabled(), usePrefix(), getKeyPrefix(), getKeySerializationPair(), getValueSerializationPair(), getConversionService()); } /** * Disable using cache key prefixes.
* NOTE: {@link Cache#clear()} might result in unintended removal of {@literal key}s in Redis. Make * sure to use a dedicated Redis instance when disabling prefixes. * * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. */ public RedisCacheConfiguration disableKeyPrefix() { return new RedisCacheConfiguration(getTtlFunction(), getAllowCacheNullValues(), isTimeToIdleEnabled(), DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX, getKeyPrefix(), getKeySerializationPair(), getValueSerializationPair(), getConversionService()); } /** * Enables {@literal time-to-idle (TTI) expiration} on {@link Cache} read operations, * such as {@link Cache#get(Object)}. *

* Enabling this option applies the same {@link #getTtlFunction() TTL expiration policy} to {@link Cache} read * operations as it does for {@link Cache} write operations. In effect, this will invoke the Redis {@literal GETEX} * command in place of {@literal GET}. *

* Redis does not support the concept of {@literal TTI}, only {@literal TTL}. However, if {@literal TTL} expiration * is applied to all {@link Cache} operations, both read and write alike, and {@link Cache} operations passed with * expiration are used consistently across the application, then in effect, an application can achieve * {@literal TTI} expiration-like behavior. *

* Requires Redis 6.2.0 or newer. * * @return this {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. * @see GETEX * @since 3.2.0 */ public RedisCacheConfiguration enableTimeToIdle() { return new RedisCacheConfiguration(getTtlFunction(), getAllowCacheNullValues(), USE_TIME_TO_IDLE_EXPIRATION, usePrefix(), getKeyPrefix(), getKeySerializationPair(), getValueSerializationPair(), getConversionService()); } /** * Set the ttl to apply for cache entries. Use {@link Duration#ZERO} to declare an eternal cache. * * @param ttl must not be {@literal null}. * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. */ public RedisCacheConfiguration entryTtl(Duration ttl) { Assert.notNull(ttl, "TTL duration must not be null"); return entryTtl(TtlFunction.just(ttl)); } /** * Set the {@link TtlFunction TTL function} to compute the time to live for cache entries. * * @param ttlFunction the {@link TtlFunction} to compute the time to live for cache entries, must not be * {@literal null}. * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. * @since 3.2 */ public RedisCacheConfiguration entryTtl(TtlFunction ttlFunction) { Assert.notNull(ttlFunction, "TtlFunction must not be null"); return new RedisCacheConfiguration(ttlFunction, getAllowCacheNullValues(), isTimeToIdleEnabled(), usePrefix(), getKeyPrefix(), getKeySerializationPair(), getValueSerializationPair(), getConversionService()); } /** * Define the {@link SerializationPair} used for de-/serializing cache keys. * * @param keySerializationPair must not be {@literal null}. * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. */ public RedisCacheConfiguration serializeKeysWith(SerializationPair keySerializationPair) { Assert.notNull(keySerializationPair, "KeySerializationPair must not be null"); return new RedisCacheConfiguration(getTtlFunction(), getAllowCacheNullValues(), isTimeToIdleEnabled(), usePrefix(), getKeyPrefix(), keySerializationPair, getValueSerializationPair(), getConversionService()); } /** * Define the {@link SerializationPair} used for de-/serializing cache values. * * @param valueSerializationPair must not be {@literal null}. * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. */ public RedisCacheConfiguration serializeValuesWith(SerializationPair valueSerializationPair) { Assert.notNull(valueSerializationPair, "ValueSerializationPair must not be null"); return new RedisCacheConfiguration(getTtlFunction(), getAllowCacheNullValues(), isTimeToIdleEnabled(), usePrefix(), getKeyPrefix(), getKeySerializationPair(), valueSerializationPair, getConversionService()); } /** * Define the {@link ConversionService} used for cache key to {@link String} conversion. * * @param conversionService must not be {@literal null}. * @return new {@link RedisCacheConfiguration}. */ public RedisCacheConfiguration withConversionService(ConversionService conversionService) { Assert.notNull(conversionService, "ConversionService must not be null"); return new RedisCacheConfiguration(getTtlFunction(), getAllowCacheNullValues(), isTimeToIdleEnabled(), usePrefix(), getKeyPrefix(), getKeySerializationPair(), getValueSerializationPair(), conversionService); } /** * @return {@literal true} if caching {@literal null} is allowed. */ public boolean getAllowCacheNullValues() { return this.cacheNullValues; } /** * Determines whether {@literal time-to-idle (TTI) expiration} has been enabled for caching. *

* Use {@link #enableTimeToIdle()} to opt-in and enable {@literal time-to-idle (TTI) expiration} for caching. * * @return {@literal true} if {@literal time-to-idle (TTI) expiration} was configured and enabled for caching. * Defaults to {@literal false}. * @see GETEX * @since 3.2.0 */ public boolean isTimeToIdleEnabled() { return this.enableTimeToIdle; } /** * @return {@literal true} if cache keys need to be prefixed with the {@link #getKeyPrefixFor(String)} if present or * the default which resolves to {@link Cache#getName()}. */ public boolean usePrefix() { return this.usePrefix; } /** * @return The {@link ConversionService} used for cache key to {@link String} conversion. Never {@literal null}. */ public ConversionService getConversionService() { return this.conversionService; } /** * Gets the configured {@link CacheKeyPrefix}. * * @return the configured {@link CacheKeyPrefix}. */ public CacheKeyPrefix getKeyPrefix() { return this.keyPrefix; } /** * Get the computed {@literal key} prefix for a given {@literal cacheName}. * * @return never {@literal null}. * @since 2.0.4 */ public String getKeyPrefixFor(String cacheName) { Assert.notNull(cacheName, "Cache name must not be null"); return this.keyPrefix.compute(cacheName); } /** * @return never {@literal null}. */ public SerializationPair getKeySerializationPair() { return this.keySerializationPair; } /** * @return never {@literal null}. */ public SerializationPair getValueSerializationPair() { return this.valueSerializationPair; } /** * Returns a computed {@link Duration TTL expiration timeout} based on cache entry key/value if a {@link TtlFunction} * was confiugred using {@link #entryTtl(TtlFunction)}. *

* Otherwise, returns the user-provided, fixed {@link Duration} if {@link #entryTtl(Duration)} was called during cache * configuration. * * @return the configured {@link Duration TTL expiration}. * @deprecated since 3.2. Use {@link #getTtlFunction()} instead. */ @Deprecated(since = "3.2") public Duration getTtl() { return getTtlFunction().getTimeToLive(Object.class, null); } /** * Gets the {@link TtlFunction} used to compute a cache key {@literal time-to-live (TTL) expiration}. * * @return the {@link TtlFunction} used to compute expiration time (TTL) for cache entries; never {@literal null}. */ public TtlFunction getTtlFunction() { return this.ttlFunction; } /** * Adds a {@link Converter} to extract the {@link String} representation of a {@literal cache key} * if no suitable {@link Object#toString()} method is present. * * @param cacheKeyConverter {@link Converter} used to convert a {@literal cache key} into a {@link String}. * @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #getConversionService()} does not allow {@link Converter} registration. * @see org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter * @since 2.2 */ public void addCacheKeyConverter(Converter cacheKeyConverter) { configureKeyConverters(it -> it.addConverter(cacheKeyConverter)); } /** * Configure the underlying {@link ConversionService} used to extract the {@literal cache key}. * * @param registryConsumer {@link Consumer} used to register a {@link Converter} * with the configured {@link ConverterRegistry}; never {@literal null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #getConversionService()} does not allow {@link Converter} registration. * @see org.springframework.core.convert.converter.ConverterRegistry * @since 2.2 */ public void configureKeyConverters(Consumer registryConsumer) { if (!(getConversionService() instanceof ConverterRegistry)) { String message = "'%s' returned by getConversionService() does not allow Converter registration;" + " Please make sure to provide a ConversionService that implements ConverterRegistry"; throw new IllegalStateException(String.format(message, getConversionService().getClass().getName())); } registryConsumer.accept((ConverterRegistry) getConversionService()); } /** * Registers default cache {@link Converter key converters}. *

* The following converters get registered: *

*

    *
  • {@link String} to {@link byte byte[]} using UTF-8 encoding.
  • *
  • {@link SimpleKey} to {@link String}
  • *
* * @param registry {@link ConverterRegistry} in which the {@link Converter key converters} are registered; * must not be {@literal null}. * @see org.springframework.core.convert.converter.ConverterRegistry */ public static void registerDefaultConverters(ConverterRegistry registry) { Assert.notNull(registry, "ConverterRegistry must not be null"); registry.addConverter(String.class, byte[].class, source -> source.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); registry.addConverter(SimpleKey.class, String.class, SimpleKey::toString); } }