org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource Maven / Gradle / Ivy
/*
* Copyright 2002-2013 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.context.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Repeatable;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* Annotation providing a convenient and declarative mechanism for adding a
* {@link org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource PropertySource} to Spring's
* {@link org.springframework.core.env.Environment Environment}. To be used in
* conjunction with @{@link Configuration} classes.
*
* Example usage
* Given a file {@code app.properties} containing the key/value pair
* {@code testbean.name=myTestBean}, the following {@code @Configuration} class
* uses {@code @PropertySource} to contribute {@code app.properties} to the
* {@code Environment}'s set of {@code PropertySources}.
*
*
* @Configuration
* @PropertySource("classpath:/com/myco/app.properties")
* public class AppConfig {
* @Autowired
* Environment env;
*
* @Bean
* public TestBean testBean() {
* TestBean testBean = new TestBean();
* testBean.setName(env.getProperty("testbean.name"));
* return testBean;
* }
* }
*
* Notice that the {@code Environment} object is @{@link
* org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired Autowired} into the
* configuration class and then used when populating the {@code TestBean} object. Given
* the configuration above, a call to {@code testBean.getName()} will return "myTestBean".
*
* Resolving ${...} placeholders in {@code } and {@code @Value} annotations
* In order to resolve ${...} placeholders in {@code } definitions or {@code @Value}
* annotations using properties from a {@code PropertySource}, one must register
* a {@code PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer}. This happens automatically when using
* {@code } in XML, but must be explicitly registered using
* a {@code static} {@code @Bean} method when using {@code @Configuration} classes. See
* the "Working with externalized values" section of @{@link Configuration} Javadoc and
* "a note on BeanFactoryPostProcessor-returning @Bean methods" of @{@link Bean} Javadoc
* for details and examples.
*
* Resolving ${...} placeholders within {@code @PropertySource} resource locations
* Any ${...} placeholders present in a {@code @PropertySource} {@linkplain #value()
* resource location} will be resolved against the set of property sources already
* registered against the environment. For example:
*
* @Configuration
* @PropertySource("classpath:/com/${my.placeholder:default/path}/app.properties")
* public class AppConfig {
* @Autowired
* Environment env;
*
* @Bean
* public TestBean testBean() {
* TestBean testBean = new TestBean();
* testBean.setName(env.getProperty("testbean.name"));
* return testBean;
* }
* }
*
* Assuming that "my.placeholder" is present in one of the property sources already
* registered, e.g. system properties or environment variables, the placeholder will
* be resolved to the corresponding value. If not, then "default/path" will be used as a
* default. Expressing a default value (delimited by colon ":") is optional. If no
* default is specified and a property cannot be resolved, an {@code
* IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown.
*
* A note on property overriding with @PropertySource
* In cases where a given property key exists in more than one {@code .properties}
* file, the last {@code @PropertySource} annotation processed will 'win' and override.
*
* For example, given two properties files {@code a.properties} and
* {@code b.properties}, consider the following two configuration classes
* that reference them with {@code @PropertySource} annotations:
*
*
* @Configuration
* @PropertySource("classpath:/com/myco/a.properties")
* public class ConfigA { }
*
* @Configuration
* @PropertySource("classpath:/com/myco/b.properties")
* public class ConfigB { }
*
*
* The override ordering depends on the order in which these classes are registered
* with the application context.
*
* AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx =
* new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
* ctx.register(ConfigA.class);
* ctx.register(ConfigB.class);
* ctx.refresh();
*
*
* In the scenario above, the properties in {@code b.properties} will override any
* duplicates that exist in {@code a.properties}, because {@code ConfigB} was registered
* last.
*
* In certain situations, it may not be possible or practical to tightly control
* property source ordering when using {@code @ProperySource} annotations. For example,
* if the {@code @Configuration} classes above were registered via component-scanning,
* the ordering is difficult to predict. In such cases - and if overriding is important -
* it is recommended that the user fall back to using the programmatic PropertySource API.
* See {@link org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment ConfigurableEnvironment}
* and {@link org.springframework.core.env.MutablePropertySources MutablePropertySources}
* Javadoc for details.
*
* @author Chris Beams
* @author Phillip Webb
* @since 3.1
* @see PropertySources
* @see Configuration
* @see org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource
* @see org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment#getPropertySources()
* @see org.springframework.core.env.MutablePropertySources
*/
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Repeatable(PropertySources.class)
public @interface PropertySource {
/**
* Indicate the name of this property source. If omitted, a name
* will be generated based on the description of the underlying
* resource.
* @see org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource#getName()
* @see org.springframework.core.io.Resource#getDescription()
*/
String name() default "";
/**
* Indicate the resource location(s) of the properties file to be loaded.
* For example, {@code "classpath:/com/myco/app.properties"} or
* {@code "file:/path/to/file"}.
*
Resource location wildcards (e.g. **/*.properties) are not permitted; each
* location must evaluate to exactly one {@code .properties} resource.
*
${...} placeholders will be resolved against any/all property sources already
* registered with the {@code Environment}. See {@linkplain PropertySource above} for
* examples.
*
Each location will be added to the enclosing {@code Environment} as its own
* property source, and in the order declared.
*/
String[] value();
/**
* Indicate if failure to find the a {@link #value() property resource} should be
* ignored.
*
{@code true} is appropriate if the properties file is completely optional.
* Default is {@code false}.
* @since 4.0
*/
boolean ignoreResourceNotFound() default false;
}