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TBEL is a powerful expression language for ThingsBoard platform user-defined functions. Original implementation is based on MVEL.
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/**
 * MVEL 2.0
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Codehaus
 * Mike Brock, Dhanji Prasanna, John Graham, Mark Proctor
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.mvel2;

import org.mvel2.util.StringAppender;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

import static java.lang.String.copyValueOf;
import static org.mvel2.util.ParseTools.isWhitespace;
import static org.mvel2.util.ParseTools.repeatChar;

/**
 * Standard exception thrown for all general compileShared and some runtime failures.
 */
public class CompileException extends RuntimeException {
  private char[] expr;

  private int cursor = 0;
  private int msgOffset = 0;

  private int lineNumber = 1;
  private int column = 0;

  private int lastLineStart = 0;

  private List errors;

  private Object evaluationContext;

  public CompileException(String message, List errors, char[] expr, int cursor, ParserContext ctx) {
    super(message);
    this.expr = expr;
    this.cursor = cursor;

    if (!errors.isEmpty()) {
      ErrorDetail detail = errors.iterator().next();
      this.cursor = detail.getCursor();
      this.lineNumber = detail.getLineNumber();
      this.column = detail.getColumn();
    }

    this.errors = errors;
  }

  public void setEvaluationContext(Object evaluationContext) {
    this.evaluationContext = evaluationContext;
  }

  public String toString() {
    return generateErrorMessage();
  }

  public CompileException(String message, char[] expr, int cursor, Throwable e) {
    super(message, e);
    this.expr = expr;
    this.cursor = cursor;
  }

  public CompileException(String message, char[] expr, int cursor) {
    super(message);
    this.expr = expr;
    this.cursor = cursor;
  }

  @Override
  public String getMessage() {
    return generateErrorMessage();
  }

  private void calcRowAndColumn() {
    if (lineNumber > 1 || column > 1) return;

    int row = 1;
    int col = 1;

    if ((lineNumber != 0 && column != 0) || expr == null || expr.length == 0) return;

    for (int i = 0; i < cursor && i < expr.length; i++) {
      switch (expr[i]) {
        case '\r':
          continue;
        case '\n':
          row++;
          col = 1;
          break;

        default:
          col++;
      }
    }

    this.lineNumber = row;
    this.column = col;
  }

  private CharSequence showCodeNearError(char[] expr, int cursor) {
    if (expr == null) return "Unknown";

    int start = cursor - 20;
    int end = (cursor + 30);

    if (end > expr.length) {
      end = expr.length;
      start -= 30;
    }

    if (start < 0) {
      start = 0;
    }

    String cs;

    int firstCr;
    int lastCr;

    try {
      cs = copyValueOf(expr, start, end - start).trim();
    }
    catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
      throw e;
    }

    int matchStart = -1;
    int matchOffset = 0;
    String match = null;

    if (cursor < end) {
      matchStart = cursor;
      if (matchStart > 0) {
        while (matchStart > 0 && !isWhitespace(expr[matchStart - 1])) {
          matchStart--;
        }
      }

      matchOffset = cursor - matchStart;

      match = new String(expr, matchStart, expr.length - matchStart);
      Makematch:
      for (int i = 0; i < match.length(); i++) {
        switch (match.charAt(i)) {
          case '\n':
          case ')':
            match = match.substring(0, i);
            break Makematch;
        }
      }

      if (match.length() >= 30) {
        match = match.substring(0, 30);
      }
    }

    do {
      firstCr = cs.indexOf('\n');
      lastCr = cs.lastIndexOf('\n');

      if (firstCr == -1) break;

      int matchIndex = match == null ? 0 : cs.indexOf(match);

      if (firstCr != -1 && firstCr == lastCr) {
        if (firstCr > matchIndex) {
          cs = cs.substring(0, firstCr);
        }
        else if (firstCr < matchIndex) {
          cs = cs.substring(firstCr + 1, cs.length());
        }
      }
      else if (firstCr < matchIndex) {
        cs = cs.substring(firstCr + 1, lastCr);
      }
      else {
        cs = cs.substring(0, firstCr);
      }
    }
    while (true);

    String trimmed = cs.trim();

    if (match != null) {
      msgOffset = trimmed.indexOf(match) + matchOffset;
    }
    else {
      msgOffset = cs.length() - (cs.length() - trimmed.length());
    }

    if (msgOffset == 0 && matchOffset == 0) {
      msgOffset = cursor;
    }

    return trimmed;
  }

  public CharSequence getCodeNearError() {
    return showCodeNearError(expr, cursor);
  }

  private String generateErrorMessage() {
    StringAppender appender = new StringAppender().append("[Error: " + super.getMessage() + "]\n");

    int offset = appender.length();

    appender.append("[Near : {... ");

    offset = appender.length() - offset;

    appender.append(showCodeNearError(expr, cursor))
        .append(" ....}]\n")
        .append(repeatChar(' ', offset));

    if (msgOffset < 0) msgOffset = 0;

    appender.append(repeatChar(' ', msgOffset)).append('^');

    calcRowAndColumn();

    if (evaluationContext != null) {
      appender.append("\n").append("In ").append(evaluationContext);
    } else if (lineNumber != -1) {
      appender.append("\n")
          .append("[Line: " + lineNumber + ", Column: " + (column) + "]");
    }
    return appender.toString();
  }

  public char[] getExpr() {
    return expr;
  }

  public int getCursor() {
    return cursor;
  }

  public List getErrors() {
    return errors != null ? errors : Collections.emptyList();
  }

  public void setErrors(List errors) {
    this.errors = errors;
  }

  public int getLineNumber() {
    return lineNumber;
  }

  public void setLineNumber(int lineNumber) {
    this.lineNumber = lineNumber;
  }

  public int getColumn() {
    return column;
  }

  public void setColumn(int column) {
    this.column = column;
  }

  public int getCursorOffet() {
    return this.msgOffset;
  }

  public void setExpr(char[] expr) {
    this.expr = expr;
  }

  public void setCursor(int cursor) {
    this.cursor = cursor;
    this.lineNumber = 1;
    this.column = 0;
  }

  public int getLastLineStart() {
    return lastLineStart;
  }

  public void setLastLineStart(int lastLineStart) {
    this.lastLineStart = lastLineStart;
  }
}