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TBEL is a powerful expression language for ThingsBoard platform user-defined functions. Original implementation is based on MVEL.
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/**
 * MVEL 2.0
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Codehaus
 * Mike Brock, Dhanji Prasanna, John Graham, Mark Proctor
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.mvel2.ast;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;

import org.mvel2.CompileException;
import org.mvel2.DataTypes;
import org.mvel2.Operator;
import org.mvel2.ParserContext;
import org.mvel2.ScriptRuntimeException;
import org.mvel2.integration.VariableResolverFactory;
import org.mvel2.util.CompatibilityStrategy;
import org.mvel2.util.NullType;
import org.mvel2.util.ParseTools;

import static org.mvel2.DataConversion.canConvert;
import static org.mvel2.DataConversion.convert;
import static org.mvel2.Operator.PTABLE;
import static org.mvel2.debug.DebugTools.getOperatorSymbol;
import static org.mvel2.math.MathProcessor.doOperations;
import static org.mvel2.util.CompilerTools.getReturnTypeFromOp;
import static org.mvel2.util.ParseTools.boxPrimitive;

public class BinaryOperation extends BooleanNode {
  private final int operation;
  private int lType = -1;
  private int rType = -1;

  public BinaryOperation(int operation, ParserContext ctx) {
    super(ctx);
    this.operation = operation;
  }

  public BinaryOperation(int operation, ASTNode left, ASTNode right, ParserContext ctx) {
    super(ctx);
    this.operation = operation;
    if ((this.left = left) == null) {
      throw new ScriptRuntimeException("not a statement");
    }
    if ((this.right = right) == null) {
      throw new ScriptRuntimeException("not a statement");
    }

    //    if (ctx.isStrongTyping()) {
    switch (operation) {
      case Operator.ADD:
        /**
         * In the special case of Strings, the return type may leftward propogate.
         */
        if (left.getEgressType() == String.class || right.getEgressType() == String.class) {
          egressType = String.class;
          lType = ParseTools.__resolveType(left.egressType);
          rType = ParseTools.__resolveType(right.egressType);

          return;
        }

      default:
        egressType = getReturnTypeFromOp(operation, this.left.egressType, this.right.egressType);
        if (!ctx.isStrongTyping()) break;

        final boolean leftIsAssignableFromRight = left.getEgressType().isAssignableFrom(right.getEgressType());
        final boolean rightIsAssignableFromLeft = right.getEgressType().isAssignableFrom(left.getEgressType());

        if (!leftIsAssignableFromRight && !rightIsAssignableFromLeft) {

          final boolean requiresConversion = doesRequireConversion(left.getEgressType(), right.getEgressType(), operation);

          if (right.isLiteral() && requiresConversion && canConvert(left.getEgressType(), right.getEgressType())) {
            Class targetType = isAritmeticOperation(operation) ? egressType : left.getEgressType();
            this.right = new LiteralNode(convert(right.getReducedValueAccelerated(null, null, null), targetType), targetType, pCtx);
          } else if ( !(areCompatible(left.getEgressType(), right.getEgressType()) ||
                  (( operation == Operator.EQUAL || operation == Operator.NEQUAL) &&
                     CompatibilityStrategy.areEqualityCompatible(left.getEgressType(), right.getEgressType()))) ) {

            throw new CompileException("incompatible types in statement: " + right.getEgressType()
                    + " (compared from: " + left.getEgressType() + ")",
                    left.getExpr() != null ? left.getExpr() : right.getExpr(),
                    left.getExpr() != null ? left.getStart() : right.getStart());
          }
        }
    }

      if (this.left.egressType == this.right.egressType) {
        lType = rType = getOperandType(this.left);
      } else {
        lType = getOperandType(this.left);
        rType = getOperandType(this.right);
      }
  }

  private int getOperandType(ASTNode node) {
    if (node.egressType == null || node.egressType == Object.class) {
      return DataTypes.NULL;
    }
    return ParseTools.__resolveType(node.egressType);
  }

  private boolean doesRequireConversion(Class leftType, Class rightType, int op) {
    // Precision down cast is okay (See PrimitiveTypesTest.testFloatPrimitive()).
    // But don't convert float/double/BigDecimal to short/int/long/BigInteger
    if ((leftType == Short.class || leftType == short.class
            || leftType == Integer.class || leftType == int.class
            || leftType == Long.class || leftType == long.class
            || leftType == BigInteger.class)
        &&
        (rightType == Float.class || rightType == float.class
            || rightType == Double.class || rightType == double.class
            || rightType == BigDecimal.class)) {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  private boolean isAritmeticOperation(int operation) {
    return operation <= Operator.POWER;
  }

  private boolean areCompatible(Class leftClass, Class rightClass) {
    return leftClass.equals(NullType.class) || rightClass.equals(NullType.class) ||
           ( Number.class.isAssignableFrom(rightClass) && Number.class.isAssignableFrom(leftClass) ) ||
           ( (rightClass.isPrimitive() || leftClass.isPrimitive()) &&
             canConvert(boxPrimitive(leftClass), boxPrimitive(rightClass)) );
  }

  public Object getReducedValueAccelerated(Object ctx, Object thisValue, VariableResolverFactory factory) {
    return doOperations(lType, left.getReducedValueAccelerated(ctx, thisValue, factory), operation, rType,
        right.getReducedValueAccelerated(ctx, thisValue, factory));
  }


  public Object getReducedValue(Object ctx, Object thisValue, VariableResolverFactory factory) {
    throw new RuntimeException("unsupported AST operation");
  }

  public int getOperation() {
    return operation;
  }

  public void setRightMost(ASTNode right) {
    BinaryOperation n = this;
    while (n.right != null && n.right instanceof BinaryOperation) {
      n = (BinaryOperation) n.right;
    }
    n.right = right;

    if (n == this) {
      if ((rType = ParseTools.__resolveType(n.right.getEgressType())) == 0) rType = -1;
    }
  }

  public ASTNode getRightMost() {
    BinaryOperation n = this;
    while (n.right != null && n.right instanceof BinaryOperation) {
      n = (BinaryOperation) n.right;
    }
    return n.right;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean isLiteral() {
    return false;
  }

  public String toString() {
    return "(" + left + " " + getOperatorSymbol(operation) + " " + right + ")";
  }
}