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/* This file is part of VoltDB.
* Copyright (C) 2008-2018 VoltDB Inc.
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
* published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
* License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
* along with VoltDB. If not, see .
*/
package org.voltdb.utils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.hsqldb_voltpatches.HSQLInterface;
import org.hsqldb_voltpatches.TimeToLiveVoltDB;
import org.json_voltpatches.JSONException;
import org.voltdb.VoltDB;
import org.voltdb.VoltType;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Catalog;
import org.voltdb.catalog.CatalogMap;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Cluster;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Column;
import org.voltdb.catalog.ColumnRef;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Constraint;
import org.voltdb.catalog.ConstraintRef;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Database;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Function;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Group;
import org.voltdb.catalog.GroupRef;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Index;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Procedure;
import org.voltdb.catalog.Table;
import org.voltdb.catalog.TimeToLive;
import org.voltdb.common.Constants;
import org.voltdb.common.Permission;
import org.voltdb.compilereport.ProcedureAnnotation;
import org.voltdb.compilereport.TableAnnotation;
import org.voltdb.expressions.AbstractExpression;
import org.voltdb.planner.parseinfo.StmtTargetTableScan;
import org.voltdb.types.ConstraintType;
/**
*
*/
public abstract class CatalogSchemaTools {
private final static String spacer = " ";
// Set to true to enable dumping to /tmp/canonical-.sql
// Make sure it's false before committing.
private final static boolean dumpSchema = false;
// To support inline batch statements and associated comments.
private static final String batchSpecificComments =
"-- This file uses the --inlinebatch feature. Batching processes all of the DDL in a single step\n" +
"-- dramatically reducing the time required to apply the schema compared to processing each\n" +
"-- command separately.\n" +
"--\n";
private static final String startBatch = "file -inlinebatch END_OF_BATCH\n";
private static final String endBatch = "END_OF_BATCH\n";
/**
* Convert a Table catalog object into the proper SQL DDL, including all indexes,
* constraints, and foreign key references.
* Also returns just the CREATE TABLE statement, since, like all good methods,
* it should have two purposes....
* It would be nice to have a separate method to just generate the CREATE TABLE,
* but we use that pass to also figure out what separate constraint and index
* SQL DDL needs to be generated, so instead, we opt to build the CREATE TABLE DDL
* separately as we go here, and then fill it in to the StringBuilder being used
* to construct the full canonical DDL at the appropriate time.
* @param sb - the schema being built
* @param catalog_tbl - object to be analyzed
* @param viewQuery - the Query if this Table is a View
* @param isExportOnly Is this a export table.
* @param streamPartitionColumn stream partition column
* @param streamTarget - true if this Table is an Export Table
* @return SQL Schema text representing the CREATE TABLE statement to generate the table
*/
public static String toSchema(StringBuilder sb, Table catalog_tbl, String viewQuery, boolean isExportOnly, String streamPartitionColumn, String streamTarget) {
assert(!catalog_tbl.getColumns().isEmpty());
boolean tableIsView = (viewQuery != null);
// We need the intermediate results of building the table schema string so that
// we can return the full CREATE TABLE statement, so accumulate it separately
final StringBuilder table_sb = new StringBuilder();
final Set skip_indexes = new HashSet<>();
final Set skip_constraints = new HashSet<>();
if (tableIsView) {
table_sb.append("CREATE VIEW ").append(catalog_tbl.getTypeName()).append(" (");
}
else {
if (isExportOnly) {
table_sb.append("CREATE STREAM ").append(catalog_tbl.getTypeName());
if (streamPartitionColumn != null && viewQuery == null) {
table_sb.append(" PARTITION ON COLUMN ").append(streamPartitionColumn);
}
//Default target means no target.
if (streamTarget != null && !streamTarget.equalsIgnoreCase(Constants.DEFAULT_EXPORT_CONNECTOR_NAME)) {
table_sb.append(" EXPORT TO TARGET ").append(streamTarget);
}
} else {
table_sb.append("CREATE TABLE ").append(catalog_tbl.getTypeName());
}
table_sb.append(" (");
}
// Columns
String add = "\n";
for (Column catalog_col : CatalogUtil.getSortedCatalogItems(catalog_tbl.getColumns(), "index")) {
VoltType col_type = VoltType.get((byte)catalog_col.getType());
// this next assert would be great if we dealt with default values well
//assert(! ((catalog_col.getDefaultvalue() == null) && (catalog_col.getNullable() == false) ) );
if (tableIsView) {
table_sb.append(add).append(spacer).append(catalog_col.getTypeName());
add = ",\n";
continue;
}
table_sb.append(add).append(spacer).append(catalog_col.getTypeName()).append(" ").append(col_type.toSQLString()).append(col_type.isVariableLength() &&
catalog_col.getSize() > 0 ? "(" + catalog_col.getSize() +
(catalog_col.getInbytes() ? " BYTES" : "") + ")" : "");
// Default value
String defaultvalue = catalog_col.getDefaultvalue();
//VoltType defaulttype = VoltType.get((byte)catalog_col.getDefaulttype());
boolean nullable = catalog_col.getNullable();
// TODO: Shouldn't have to check whether the string contains "null"
if (defaultvalue == null) {
}
else if (defaultvalue.toLowerCase().equals("null") && nullable) {
defaultvalue = null;
}
else {
if (col_type == VoltType.TIMESTAMP) {
if (defaultvalue.startsWith("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")) {
defaultvalue = "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP";
}
else {
assert(defaultvalue.matches("[0-9]+"));
long epoch = Long.parseLong(defaultvalue);
Date d = new Date(epoch / 1000);
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
defaultvalue = "\'" + sdf.format(d) + "." +
StringUtils.leftPad(String.valueOf(epoch % 1000000), 6, "0") + "\'";
}
}
else {
// XXX: if (defaulttype != VoltType.VOLTFUNCTION) {
// TODO: Escape strings properly
defaultvalue = defaultvalue.replace("\'", "\'\'");
defaultvalue = "'" + defaultvalue + "'";
}
}
if (defaultvalue == null) {
table_sb.append((!nullable ? " NOT NULL" : "") );
}
else {
table_sb.append(" DEFAULT ").append(defaultvalue != null ? defaultvalue : "NULL").append(!nullable ? " NOT NULL" : "");
}
// Single-column constraints
for (ConstraintRef catalog_const_ref : catalog_col.getConstraints()) {
Constraint catalog_const = catalog_const_ref.getConstraint();
ConstraintType const_type = ConstraintType.get(catalog_const.getType());
// Check if there is another column in our table with the same constraint
// If there is, then we need to add it to the end of the table definition
boolean found = false;
for (Column catalog_other_col : catalog_tbl.getColumns()) {
if (catalog_other_col.equals(catalog_col)) continue;
if (catalog_other_col.getConstraints().getIgnoreCase(catalog_const.getTypeName()) != null) {
found = true;
break;
}
}
if (!found) {
switch (const_type) {
case FOREIGN_KEY: {
Table catalog_fkey_tbl = catalog_const.getForeignkeytable();
Column catalog_fkey_col = null;
for (ColumnRef ref : catalog_const.getForeignkeycols()) {
catalog_fkey_col = ref.getColumn();
break; // Nasty hack to get first item
}
assert(catalog_fkey_col != null);
table_sb.append(" REFERENCES ").append(catalog_fkey_tbl.getTypeName()).append(" (").append(catalog_fkey_col.getTypeName()).append(")");
skip_constraints.add(catalog_const);
break;
}
default:
// Nothing for now
}
}
}
add = ",\n";
}
// Constraints
for (Constraint catalog_const : catalog_tbl.getConstraints()) {
if (skip_constraints.contains(catalog_const)) continue;
ConstraintType const_type = ConstraintType.get(catalog_const.getType());
// Primary Keys / Unique Constraints
if (const_type == ConstraintType.PRIMARY_KEY || const_type == ConstraintType.UNIQUE) {
Index catalog_idx = catalog_const.getIndex();
if (!tableIsView) {
// Get the ConstraintType.
table_sb.append(add).append(spacer);
if (!catalog_const.getTypeName().startsWith(HSQLInterface.AUTO_GEN_PREFIX)) {
table_sb.append("CONSTRAINT ").append(catalog_const.getTypeName()).append(" ");
}
if (const_type == ConstraintType.PRIMARY_KEY || const_type == ConstraintType.UNIQUE) {
if (const_type == ConstraintType.PRIMARY_KEY) {
table_sb.append("PRIMARY KEY (");
}
else {
if (catalog_idx.getAssumeunique()) {
table_sb.append("ASSUMEUNIQUE (");
}
else {
table_sb.append("UNIQUE (");
}
}
String col_add = "";
if (catalog_idx.getExpressionsjson() != null && !catalog_idx.getExpressionsjson().equals("")) {
String exprStrings = new String();
StmtTargetTableScan tableScan = new StmtTargetTableScan(catalog_tbl);
try {
List expressions = AbstractExpression.fromJSONArrayString(catalog_idx.getExpressionsjson(), tableScan);
String sep = "";
for (AbstractExpression expr : expressions) {
exprStrings += sep + expr.explain(catalog_tbl.getTypeName());
sep = ",";
}
}
catch (JSONException e) {
}
table_sb.append(col_add).append(exprStrings);
}
else {
for (ColumnRef catalog_colref : CatalogUtil.getSortedCatalogItems(catalog_idx.getColumns(), "index")) {
table_sb.append(col_add).append(catalog_colref.getColumn().getTypeName());
col_add = ", ";
} // FOR
}
table_sb.append(")");
}
}
if (catalog_idx.getTypeName().startsWith(HSQLInterface.AUTO_GEN_PREFIX) ||
catalog_idx.getTypeName().startsWith(HSQLInterface.AUTO_GEN_MATVIEW) ) {
skip_indexes.add(catalog_idx);
}
// Foreign Key
} else if (const_type == ConstraintType.FOREIGN_KEY) {
Table catalog_fkey_tbl = catalog_const.getForeignkeytable();
String col_add = "";
String our_columns = "";
String fkey_columns = "";
for (ColumnRef catalog_colref : catalog_const.getForeignkeycols()) {
// The name of the ColumnRef is the column in our base table
Column our_column = catalog_tbl.getColumns().getIgnoreCase(catalog_colref.getTypeName());
assert(our_column != null);
our_columns += col_add + our_column.getTypeName();
Column fkey_column = catalog_colref.getColumn();
assert(fkey_column != null);
fkey_columns += col_add + fkey_column.getTypeName();
col_add = ", ";
}
table_sb.append(add).append(spacer + "CONSTRAINT ").append(catalog_const.getTypeName()).append(" FOREIGN KEY (")
.append(our_columns).append(") REFERENCES ").append(catalog_fkey_tbl.getTypeName())
.append(" (").append(fkey_columns).append(")");
}
skip_constraints.add(catalog_const);
}
if (catalog_tbl.getTuplelimit() != Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
table_sb.append(add).append(spacer + "LIMIT PARTITION ROWS ").append(String.valueOf(catalog_tbl.getTuplelimit()));
String deleteStmt = CatalogUtil.getLimitPartitionRowsDeleteStmt(catalog_tbl);
if (deleteStmt != null) {
if (deleteStmt.endsWith(";")) {
// StatementCompiler appends the semicolon, we don't want it here.
deleteStmt = deleteStmt.substring(0, deleteStmt.length() - 1);
}
table_sb.append("\n" + spacer + spacer + "EXECUTE (").append(deleteStmt).append(")");
}
}
if (viewQuery != null) {
table_sb.append("\n) AS \n");
table_sb.append(spacer).append(viewQuery).append(";\n");
}
else {
table_sb.append("\n)");
TimeToLive ttl = catalog_tbl.getTimetolive().get(TimeToLiveVoltDB.TTL_NAME);
if (ttl != null) {
table_sb.append(" USING TTL " + ttl.getTtlvalue() + " ");
if (ttl.getTtlunit() != null) {
table_sb.append(ttl.getTtlunit());
}
table_sb.append(" ON COLUMN " + ttl.getTtlcolumn().getTypeName());
table_sb.append(" BATCH_SIZE " + ttl.getBatchsize());
table_sb.append(" MAX_FREQUENCY " + ttl.getMaxfrequency() + " ");
}
table_sb.append(";\n");
}
// We've built the full CREATE TABLE statement for this table,
// Append the generated table schema to the canonical DDL StringBuilder
sb.append(table_sb.toString());
// Partition Table for regular tables (non-streams)
if (catalog_tbl.getPartitioncolumn() != null && viewQuery == null && !isExportOnly) {
sb.append("PARTITION TABLE ").append(catalog_tbl.getTypeName()).append(" ON COLUMN ").append(catalog_tbl.getPartitioncolumn().getTypeName()).append(";\n");
}
// All other Indexes
for (Index catalog_idx : catalog_tbl.getIndexes()) {
if (skip_indexes.contains(catalog_idx)) continue;
if (catalog_idx.getUnique()) {
if (catalog_idx.getAssumeunique()) {
sb.append("CREATE ASSUMEUNIQUE INDEX ");
}
else {
sb.append("CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ");
}
}
else {
sb.append("CREATE INDEX ");
}
sb.append(catalog_idx.getTypeName()).append(" ON ").append(catalog_tbl.getTypeName()).append(" (");
add = "";
String jsonstring = catalog_idx.getExpressionsjson();
if (jsonstring.isEmpty()) {
for (ColumnRef catalog_colref : CatalogUtil.getSortedCatalogItems(catalog_idx.getColumns(), "index")) {
sb.append(add).append(catalog_colref.getColumn().getTypeName());
add = ", ";
}
} else {
List indexedExprs = null;
try {
indexedExprs = AbstractExpression.fromJSONArrayString(jsonstring,
new StmtTargetTableScan(catalog_tbl));
} catch (JSONException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (indexedExprs != null) {
for (AbstractExpression expr : indexedExprs) {
sb.append(add).append(expr.explain(catalog_tbl.getTypeName()));
add = ", ";
}
}
}
sb.append(")");
String jsonPredicate = catalog_idx.getPredicatejson();
if (!jsonPredicate.isEmpty()) {
try {
AbstractExpression predicate = AbstractExpression.fromJSONString(jsonPredicate,
new StmtTargetTableScan(catalog_tbl));
sb.append(" WHERE ").append(predicate.explain(catalog_tbl.getTypeName()));
} catch (JSONException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
sb.append(";\n");
}
if (catalog_tbl.getIsdred()) {
sb.append("DR TABLE ").append(catalog_tbl.getTypeName()).append(";\n");
}
sb.append("\n");
// Canonical DDL generation for this table is done, now just hand the CREATE TABLE
// statement to whoever might be interested (DDLCompiler, I'm looking in your direction)
return table_sb.toString();
}
/**
* Convert a Group (Role) into a DDL string.
* sb The ddl
* @param grp The group
*/
public static void toSchema(StringBuilder sb, Group grp) {
// Don't output the default roles because user cannot change them.
if (grp.getTypeName().equalsIgnoreCase("ADMINISTRATOR") || grp.getTypeName().equalsIgnoreCase("USER")) {
return;
}
final EnumSet permissions = Permission.getPermissionSetForGroup(grp);
sb.append("CREATE ROLE ").append(grp.getTypeName());
String delimiter = " WITH ";
for (Permission permission : permissions) {
sb.append(delimiter).append(permission.name());
delimiter = ", ";
}
sb.append(";\n");
}
public static void toSchema(StringBuilder sb, Function func)
{
String functionDDLTemplate = "CREATE FUNCTION %s FROM METHOD %s.%s;\n\n";
sb.append(String.format(functionDDLTemplate, func.getFunctionname(), func.getClassname(), func.getMethodname()));
}
/**
* Convert a Catalog Procedure into a DDL string.
* @param proc
*/
public static void toSchema(StringBuilder sb, Procedure proc)
{
// CRUD: hasJava (false), m_defaultproc (true)
// SQL: hasJava (false), m_defaultproc (false), m_statements.m_items."SQL"
// JAVA: hasJava (true, m_defaultproc (false)
if (proc.getDefaultproc()) {
return;
}
// Build the optional ALLOW clause.
CatalogMap roleList = proc.getAuthgroups();
String add;
String allowClause = new String();
if (roleList.size() > 0) {
add = "\n" + spacer + "ALLOW ";
for (GroupRef role : roleList) {
allowClause += add + role.getGroup().getTypeName();
add = ", ";
}
}
// Build the optional PARTITION clause.
StringBuilder partitionClause = new StringBuilder();
ProcedureAnnotation annot = (ProcedureAnnotation) proc.getAnnotation();
if (CatalogUtil.isProcedurePartitioned(proc)) {
if (annot != null && annot.classAnnotated) {
partitionClause.append("--Annotated Partitioning Takes Precedence Over DDL Procedure Partitioning Statement\n--");
}
else {
partitionClause.append("\n");
}
partitionClause.append(spacer);
partitionClause.append(String.format(
"PARTITION ON TABLE %s COLUMN %s",
proc.getPartitiontable().getTypeName(),
proc.getPartitioncolumn().getTypeName() ));
if (proc.getPartitionparameter() != 0) {
partitionClause.append(String.format(
" PARAMETER %s",
String.valueOf(proc.getPartitionparameter()) ));
}
// For the second partition clause in 2p txn
if (proc.getPartitioncolumn2() != null) {
partitionClause.append(spacer);
partitionClause.append(String.format(
"AND ON TABLE %s COLUMN %s",
proc.getPartitiontable2().getTypeName(),
proc.getPartitioncolumn2().getTypeName() ));
if (proc.getPartitionparameter2() != 1) {
partitionClause.append(String.format(
" PARAMETER %s",
String.valueOf(proc.getPartitionparameter2()) ));
}
}
}
// Build the appropriate CREATE PROCEDURE statement variant.
if (!proc.getHasjava()) {
// SQL Statement procedure
sb.append(String.format(
"CREATE PROCEDURE %s%s%s\n%sAS\nBEGIN\n%s%s",
proc.getClassname(),
allowClause,
partitionClause.toString(),
spacer,
spacer,
proc.getStatements().get("SQL0").getSqltext().trim()));
for (int i = 1 ; i < proc.getStatements().size() ; i++ ) {
sb.append(String.format(
"\n%s%s",
spacer,
proc.getStatements().get("SQL" + String.valueOf(i)).getSqltext().trim()));
}
sb.append("\nEND");
}
else {
// Java Class
sb.append(String.format(
"CREATE PROCEDURE %s%s\n%sFROM CLASS %s",
allowClause,
partitionClause.toString(),
spacer,
proc.getClassname()));
}
// The SQL statement variant may have terminated the CREATE PROCEDURE statement.
if (!sb.toString().endsWith(";")) {
sb.append(";");
}
// Give me some space man.
sb.append("\n\n");
}
/**
* Convert a catalog into a string containing all DDL statements.
* @param catalog
* @return String of DDL statements.
*/
public static String toSchema(Catalog catalog)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("-- This file was generated by VoltDB version ");
sb.append(VoltDB.instance().getVersionString());
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss z");
String time = sdf.format(System.currentTimeMillis());
sb.append(" on: " + time + ".\n");
sb.append("-- This file represents the current database schema.\n");
sb.append("-- Use this file as input to reproduce the current database structure in another database instance.\n");
sb.append("--\n");
sb.append(batchSpecificComments);
sb.append("-- If the schema declares Java stored procedures, be sure to load the .jar file\n");
sb.append("-- with the classes before loading the schema. For example:\n");
sb.append("--\n");
sb.append("-- LOAD CLASSES voltdb-procs.jar;\n");
sb.append("-- FILE ddl.sql;\n");
for (Cluster cluster : catalog.getClusters()) {
for (Database db : cluster.getDatabases()) {
for (Group grp : db.getGroups()) {
toSchema(sb, grp);
}
sb.append("\n");
List
viewList = new ArrayList<>();
CatalogMap
tables = db.getTables();
if (! tables.isEmpty()) {
sb.append(startBatch);
for (Table table : tables) {
Object annotation = table.getAnnotation();
if (annotation != null && ((TableAnnotation) annotation).ddl != null
&& table.getMaterializer() != null) {
viewList.add(table);
continue;
}
toSchema(sb, table, null, CatalogUtil.isTableExportOnly(db, table),
(table.getPartitioncolumn() != null ? table.getPartitioncolumn().getName() : null), CatalogUtil.getExportTargetIfExportTableOrNullOtherwise(db, table));
}
// A View cannot precede a table that it depends on in the DDL
for (Table table : viewList) {
String viewQuery = ((TableAnnotation) table.getAnnotation()).ddl;
toSchema(sb, table, viewQuery, false, null, null);
}
}
CatalogMap procedures = db.getProcedures();
if (! procedures.isEmpty()) {
for (Procedure proc : procedures) {
toSchema(sb, proc);
}
}
CatalogMap functions = db.getFunctions();
if (! functions.isEmpty()) {
for (Function func : functions) {
toSchema(sb, func);
}
}
if (! tables.isEmpty()) {
sb.append(endBatch);
}
}
}
if (dumpSchema) {
String ts = new SimpleDateFormat("MMddHHmmssSSS").format(new Date());
File f = new File(String.format("/tmp/canonical-%s.sql", ts));
try {
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(f);
fw.write(sb.toString());
fw.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* Given a schema, strips out inline batch statements and associated comments.
* @param schema The given schema
* @return The given schema without batch statements and comments.
*/
public static String toSchemaWithoutInlineBatches(String schema) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(schema);
int i = sb.indexOf(batchSpecificComments);
if (i != -1) {
sb.delete(i, i + batchSpecificComments.length());
}
i = sb.indexOf(startBatch);
if (i != -1) {
sb.delete(i, i + startBatch.length());
}
i = sb.indexOf(endBatch);
if (i != -1) {
sb.delete(i, i + endBatch.length());
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
