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package com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.FieldPosition;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.ParsePosition;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.io.NumberInput;

/**
 * Jackson's internal {@link DateFormat} implementation used by standard Date
 * serializers and deserializers to implement default behavior: does NOT
 * fully implement all aspects expected by {@link DateFormat} and as a consequence
 * SHOULD NOT to be used by code outside core Jackson databind functionality.
 * In particular, {@code ParsePosition} argument of {@link #parse(String, ParsePosition)}
 * and {@link #format(Date, StringBuffer, FieldPosition)} methods is fully ignored;
 * Jackson itself never calls these methods.
 *

* For serialization defaults to using * an ISO-8601 compliant format (format String "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZ") * and for deserialization, both ISO-8601 and RFC-1123. *
* Note that `Z` in format String refers to ISO-8601 time offset notation which produces * values like "-08:00" -- that is, full minute/hour combo without colon, and not using `Z` * as alias for "+00:00". * Inclusion of colon as separator, as default setting, started in Jackson 2.11: * prior versions omitted it. * Note that it is possible to enable/disable use of colon in time offset by using method * {@link #withColonInTimeZone} for creating new differently configured format instance, * and configuring {@code ObjectMapper} with it. *

* TODO: in Jackson 2.14 or later, should change behavior to fail if {@link ParsePosition} * is specified by caller (at least with non-0 offset). */ @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class StdDateFormat extends DateFormat { /* 24-Jun-2017, tatu: Finally rewrote deserialization to use basic Regex * instead of SimpleDateFormat; partly for better concurrency, partly * for easier enforcing of specific rules. Heavy lifting done by Calendar, * anyway. */ protected final static String PATTERN_PLAIN_STR = "\\d\\d\\d\\d[-]\\d\\d[-]\\d\\d"; protected final static Pattern PATTERN_PLAIN = Pattern.compile(PATTERN_PLAIN_STR); protected final static Pattern PATTERN_ISO8601; static { Pattern p = null; try { p = Pattern.compile(PATTERN_PLAIN_STR +"[T]\\d\\d[:]\\d\\d(?:[:]\\d\\d)?" // hours, minutes, optional seconds +"(\\.\\d+)?" // optional second fractions +"(Z|[+-]\\d\\d(?:[:]?\\d\\d)?)?" // optional timeoffset/Z ); } catch (Exception t) { throw new RuntimeException(t); } PATTERN_ISO8601 = p; } /** * Defines a commonly used date format that conforms * to ISO-8601 date formatting standard, when it includes basic undecorated * timezone definition. */ public final static String DATE_FORMAT_STR_ISO8601 = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSX"; /** * ISO-8601 with just the Date part, no time: needed for error messages */ protected final static String DATE_FORMAT_STR_PLAIN = "yyyy-MM-dd"; /** * This constant defines the date format specified by * RFC 1123 / RFC 822. Used for parsing via `SimpleDateFormat` as well as * error messages. */ protected final static String DATE_FORMAT_STR_RFC1123 = "EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss zzz"; /** * For error messages we'll also need a list of all formats. */ protected final static String[] ALL_FORMATS = new String[] { DATE_FORMAT_STR_ISO8601, "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS", // ISO-8601 but no timezone DATE_FORMAT_STR_RFC1123, DATE_FORMAT_STR_PLAIN }; /** * By default we use UTC for everything, with Jackson 2.7 and later * (2.6 and earlier relied on GMT) */ protected final static TimeZone DEFAULT_TIMEZONE; static { DEFAULT_TIMEZONE = TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"); // since 2.7 } protected final static Locale DEFAULT_LOCALE = Locale.US; protected final static DateFormat DATE_FORMAT_RFC1123; /* Let's construct "blueprint" date format instances: cannot be used * as is, due to thread-safety issues, but can be used for constructing * actual instances more cheaply (avoids re-parsing). */ static { // Another important thing: let's force use of default timezone for // baseline DataFormat objects DATE_FORMAT_RFC1123 = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT_STR_RFC1123, DEFAULT_LOCALE); DATE_FORMAT_RFC1123.setTimeZone(DEFAULT_TIMEZONE); } /** * A singleton instance can be used for cloning purposes, as a blueprint of sorts. */ public final static StdDateFormat instance = new StdDateFormat(); /** * Blueprint "Calendar" instance for use during formatting. Cannot be used as is, * due to thread-safety issues, but can be used for constructing actual instances * more cheaply by cloning. * * @since 2.9.1 */ protected static final Calendar CALENDAR = new GregorianCalendar(DEFAULT_TIMEZONE, DEFAULT_LOCALE); /** * Caller may want to explicitly override timezone to use; if so, * we will have non-null value here. */ protected transient TimeZone _timezone; protected final Locale _locale; /** * Explicit override for leniency, if specified. *

* Cannot be `final` because {@link #setLenient(boolean)} returns * `void`. * * @since 2.7 */ protected Boolean _lenient; /** * Lazily instantiated calendar used by this instance for serialization ({@link #format(Date)}). * * @since 2.9.1 */ private transient Calendar _calendar; private transient DateFormat _formatRFC1123; /** * Whether the TZ offset must be formatted with a colon between hours and minutes ({@code HH:mm} format) *

* Defaults to {@code true} since 2.11: earlier versions defaulted to {@code false} * for backwards compatibility reasons * * @since 2.9.1 */ private boolean _tzSerializedWithColon = true; /* /********************************************************** /* Life cycle, accessing singleton "standard" formats /********************************************************** */ public StdDateFormat() { _locale = DEFAULT_LOCALE; } @Deprecated // since 2.7 public StdDateFormat(TimeZone tz, Locale loc) { _timezone = tz; _locale = loc; } protected StdDateFormat(TimeZone tz, Locale loc, Boolean lenient) { this(tz, loc, lenient, false); } /** * @since 2.9.1 */ protected StdDateFormat(TimeZone tz, Locale loc, Boolean lenient, boolean formatTzOffsetWithColon) { _timezone = tz; _locale = loc; _lenient = lenient; _tzSerializedWithColon = formatTzOffsetWithColon; } public static TimeZone getDefaultTimeZone() { return DEFAULT_TIMEZONE; } /** * Method used for creating a new instance with specified timezone; * if no timezone specified, defaults to the default timezone (UTC). */ public StdDateFormat withTimeZone(TimeZone tz) { if (tz == null) { tz = DEFAULT_TIMEZONE; } if ((tz == _timezone) || tz.equals(_timezone)) { return this; } return new StdDateFormat(tz, _locale, _lenient, _tzSerializedWithColon); } /** * "Mutant factory" method that will return an instance that uses specified * {@code Locale}: * either {@code this} instance (if setting would not change), or newly * constructed instance with different {@code Locale} to use. */ public StdDateFormat withLocale(Locale loc) { if (loc.equals(_locale)) { return this; } return new StdDateFormat(_timezone, loc, _lenient, _tzSerializedWithColon); } /** * "Mutant factory" method that will return an instance that has specified leniency * setting: either {@code this} instance (if setting would not change), or newly * constructed instance. * * @since 2.9 */ public StdDateFormat withLenient(Boolean b) { if (_equals(b, _lenient)) { return this; } return new StdDateFormat(_timezone, _locale, b, _tzSerializedWithColon); } /** * "Mutant factory" method that will return an instance that has specified * handling of colon when serializing timezone (timezone either written * like {@code +0500} or {@code +05:00}): * either {@code this} instance (if setting would not change), or newly * constructed instance with desired setting for colon inclusion. *

* NOTE: does NOT affect deserialization as colon is optional accepted * but not required -- put another way, either serialization is accepted * by this class. * * @since 2.9.1 */ public StdDateFormat withColonInTimeZone(boolean b) { if (_tzSerializedWithColon == b) { return this; } return new StdDateFormat(_timezone, _locale, _lenient, b); } @Override public StdDateFormat clone() { // Although there isn't that much state to share, we do need to // orchestrate a bit, mostly since timezones may be changed return new StdDateFormat(_timezone, _locale, _lenient, _tzSerializedWithColon); } /** * Method for getting a non-shared DateFormat instance * that uses specified timezone and can handle simple ISO-8601 * compliant date format. * * @since 2.4 * * @deprecated Since 2.9 */ @Deprecated // since 2.9 public static DateFormat getISO8601Format(TimeZone tz, Locale loc) { DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT_STR_ISO8601, loc); df.setTimeZone(DEFAULT_TIMEZONE); return df; } /** * Method for getting a non-shared DateFormat instance * that uses specific timezone and can handle RFC-1123 * compliant date format. * * @since 2.4 * * @deprecated Since 2.9 */ @Deprecated // since 2.9 public static DateFormat getRFC1123Format(TimeZone tz, Locale loc) { return _cloneFormat(DATE_FORMAT_RFC1123, DATE_FORMAT_STR_RFC1123, tz, loc, null); } /* /********************************************************** /* Public API, configuration /********************************************************** */ @Override // since 2.6 public TimeZone getTimeZone() { return _timezone; } @Override public void setTimeZone(TimeZone tz) { // DateFormats are timezone-specific (via Calendar contained), // so need to reset instances if timezone changes: if (!tz.equals(_timezone)) { _clearFormats(); _timezone = tz; } } /** * Need to override since we need to keep track of leniency locally, * and not via underlying {@link Calendar} instance like base class * does. */ @Override // since 2.7 public void setLenient(boolean enabled) { Boolean newValue = Boolean.valueOf(enabled); if (!_equals(newValue, _lenient)) { _lenient = newValue; // and since leniency settings may have been used: _clearFormats(); } } @Override // since 2.7 public boolean isLenient() { // default is, I believe, true return (_lenient == null) || _lenient; } /** * Accessor for checking whether this instance would include colon * within timezone serialization or not: if {code true}, timezone offset * is serialized like {@code -06:00}; if {code false} as {@code -0600}. *

* NOTE: only relevant for serialization (formatting), as deserialization * (parsing) always accepts optional colon but does not require it, regardless * of this setting. * * @return {@code true} if a colon is to be inserted between the hours and minutes * of the TZ offset when serializing as String; otherwise {@code false} * * @since 2.9.1 */ public boolean isColonIncludedInTimeZone() { return _tzSerializedWithColon; } /* /********************************************************** /* Public API, parsing /********************************************************** */ @Override public Date parse(String dateStr) throws ParseException { dateStr = dateStr.trim(); ParsePosition pos = new ParsePosition(0); Date dt = _parseDate(dateStr, pos); if (dt != null) { return dt; } StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (String f : ALL_FORMATS) { if (sb.length() > 0) { sb.append("\", \""); } else { sb.append('"'); } sb.append(f); } sb.append('"'); throw new ParseException (String.format("Cannot parse date \"%s\": not compatible with any of standard forms (%s)", dateStr, sb.toString()), pos.getErrorIndex()); } // 24-Jun-2017, tatu: I don't think this ever gets called. So could... just not implement? @Override public Date parse(String dateStr, ParsePosition pos) { try { return _parseDate(dateStr, pos); } catch (ParseException e) { // may look weird but this is what `DateFormat` suggest to do... } return null; } protected Date _parseDate(String dateStr, ParsePosition pos) throws ParseException { if (looksLikeISO8601(dateStr)) { // also includes "plain" return parseAsISO8601(dateStr, pos); } // Also consider "stringified" simple time stamp int i = dateStr.length(); while (--i >= 0) { char ch = dateStr.charAt(i); if (ch < '0' || ch > '9') { // 07-Aug-2013, tatu: And [databind#267] points out that negative numbers should also work if (i > 0 || ch != '-') { break; } } } if ((i < 0) // let's just assume negative numbers are fine (can't be RFC-1123 anyway); check length for positive && (dateStr.charAt(0) == '-' || NumberInput.inLongRange(dateStr, false))) { return _parseDateFromLong(dateStr, pos); } // Otherwise, fall back to using RFC 1123. NOTE: call will NOT throw, just returns `null` return parseAsRFC1123(dateStr, pos); } /* /********************************************************** /* Public API, writing /********************************************************** */ @Override public StringBuffer format(Date date, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition fieldPosition) { TimeZone tz = _timezone; if (tz == null) { tz = DEFAULT_TIMEZONE; } _format(tz, _locale, date, toAppendTo); return toAppendTo; } protected void _format(TimeZone tz, Locale loc, Date date, StringBuffer buffer) { Calendar cal = _getCalendar(tz); cal.setTime(date); // [databind#2167]: handle range beyond [1, 9999] final int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR); // Assuming GregorianCalendar, special handling needed for BCE (aka BC) if (cal.get(Calendar.ERA) == GregorianCalendar.BC) { _formatBCEYear(buffer, year); } else { if (year > 9999) { // 22-Nov-2018, tatu: Handling beyond 4-digits is not well specified wrt ISO-8601, but // it seems that plus prefix IS mandated. Padding is an open question, but since agreeement // for max length would be needed, we ewould need to limit to arbitrary length // like five digits (erroring out if beyond or padding to that as minimum). // Instead, let's just print number out as is and let decoder try to make sense of it. buffer.append('+'); } pad4(buffer, year); } buffer.append('-'); pad2(buffer, cal.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1); buffer.append('-'); pad2(buffer, cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)); buffer.append('T'); pad2(buffer, cal.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY)); buffer.append(':'); pad2(buffer, cal.get(Calendar.MINUTE)); buffer.append(':'); pad2(buffer, cal.get(Calendar.SECOND)); buffer.append('.'); pad3(buffer, cal.get(Calendar.MILLISECOND)); int offset = tz.getOffset(cal.getTimeInMillis()); if (offset != 0) { int hours = Math.abs((offset / (60 * 1000)) / 60); int minutes = Math.abs((offset / (60 * 1000)) % 60); buffer.append(offset < 0 ? '-' : '+'); pad2(buffer, hours); if( _tzSerializedWithColon ) { buffer.append(':'); } pad2(buffer, minutes); } else { // 24-Jun-2017, tatu: While `Z` would be conveniently short, older specs // mandate use of full `+0000` // 06-Mar-2020, tatu: Actually statement should read "for compatibility reasons" // and not standards (unless it is wrt RFC-1123). This will change in 3.0 at latest // formatted.append('Z'); if( _tzSerializedWithColon ) { buffer.append("+00:00"); } else { buffer.append("+0000"); } } } protected void _formatBCEYear(StringBuffer buffer, int bceYearNoSign) { // Ok. First of all, BCE 1 output (given as value `1` in era BCE) needs to become // "+0000", but rest (from `2` up, in that era) need minus sign. if (bceYearNoSign == 1) { buffer.append("+0000"); return; } final int isoYear = bceYearNoSign - 1; buffer.append('-'); // as with CE, 4 digit variant needs padding; beyond that not (although that part is // open to debate, needs agreement with receiver) // But `pad4()` deals with "big" numbers now so: pad4(buffer, isoYear); } private static void pad2(StringBuffer buffer, int value) { int tens = value / 10; if (tens == 0) { buffer.append('0'); } else { buffer.append((char) ('0' + tens)); value -= 10 * tens; } buffer.append((char) ('0' + value)); } private static void pad3(StringBuffer buffer, int value) { int h = value / 100; if (h == 0) { buffer.append('0'); } else { buffer.append((char) ('0' + h)); value -= (h * 100); } pad2(buffer, value); } private static void pad4(StringBuffer buffer, int value) { int h = value / 100; if (h == 0) { buffer.append('0').append('0'); } else { if (h > 99) { // [databind#2167]: handle above 9999 correctly buffer.append(h); } else { pad2(buffer, h); } value -= (100 * h); } pad2(buffer, value); } /* /********************************************************** /* Std overrides /********************************************************** */ @Override public String toString() { return String.format("DateFormat %s: (timezone: %s, locale: %s, lenient: %s)", getClass().getName(), _timezone, _locale, _lenient); } public String toPattern() { // same as SimpleDateFormat StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(100); sb.append("[one of: '") .append(DATE_FORMAT_STR_ISO8601) .append("', '") .append(DATE_FORMAT_STR_RFC1123) .append("' (") ; sb.append(Boolean.FALSE.equals(_lenient) ? "strict" : "lenient") .append(")]"); return sb.toString(); } @Override // since 2.7[.2], as per [databind#1130] public boolean equals(Object o) { return (o == this); } @Override // since 2.7[.2], as per [databind#1130] public int hashCode() { return System.identityHashCode(this); } /* /********************************************************** /* Helper methods, parsing /********************************************************** */ /** * Helper method used to figure out if input looks like valid * ISO-8601 string. */ protected boolean looksLikeISO8601(String dateStr) { if (dateStr.length() >= 7 // really need 10, but... && Character.isDigit(dateStr.charAt(0)) && Character.isDigit(dateStr.charAt(3)) && dateStr.charAt(4) == '-' && Character.isDigit(dateStr.charAt(5)) ) { return true; } return false; } private Date _parseDateFromLong(String longStr, ParsePosition pos) throws ParseException { long ts; try { ts = NumberInput.parseLong(longStr); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { throw new ParseException(String.format( "Timestamp value %s out of 64-bit value range", longStr), pos.getErrorIndex()); } return new Date(ts); } protected Date parseAsISO8601(String dateStr, ParsePosition pos) throws ParseException { try { return _parseAsISO8601(dateStr, pos); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { throw new ParseException(String.format("Cannot parse date \"%s\", problem: %s", dateStr, e.getMessage()), pos.getErrorIndex()); } } protected Date _parseAsISO8601(String dateStr, ParsePosition bogus) throws IllegalArgumentException, ParseException { final int totalLen = dateStr.length(); // actually, one short-cut: if we end with "Z", must be UTC TimeZone tz = DEFAULT_TIMEZONE; if ((_timezone != null) && ('Z' != dateStr.charAt(totalLen-1))) { tz = _timezone; } Calendar cal = _getCalendar(tz); cal.clear(); String formatStr; if (totalLen <= 10) { Matcher m = PATTERN_PLAIN.matcher(dateStr); if (m.matches()) { int year = _parse4D(dateStr, 0); int month = _parse2D(dateStr, 5)-1; int day = _parse2D(dateStr, 8); cal.set(year, month, day, 0, 0, 0); cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0); return cal.getTime(); } formatStr = DATE_FORMAT_STR_PLAIN; } else { Matcher m = PATTERN_ISO8601.matcher(dateStr); if (m.matches()) { // Important! START with optional time zone; otherwise Calendar will explode int start = m.start(2); int end = m.end(2); int len = end-start; if (len > 1) { // 0 -> none, 1 -> 'Z' // NOTE: first char is sign; then 2 digits, then optional colon, optional 2 digits int offsetSecs = _parse2D(dateStr, start+1) * 3600; // hours if (len >= 5) { offsetSecs += _parse2D(dateStr, end-2) * 60; // minutes } if (dateStr.charAt(start) == '-') { offsetSecs *= -1000; } else { offsetSecs *= 1000; } cal.set(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET, offsetSecs); // 23-Jun-2017, tatu: Not sure why, but this appears to be needed too: cal.set(Calendar.DST_OFFSET, 0); } int year = _parse4D(dateStr, 0); int month = _parse2D(dateStr, 5)-1; int day = _parse2D(dateStr, 8); // So: 10 chars for date, then `T`, so starts at 11 int hour = _parse2D(dateStr, 11); int minute = _parse2D(dateStr, 14); // Seconds are actually optional... so int seconds; if ((totalLen > 16) && dateStr.charAt(16) == ':') { seconds = _parse2D(dateStr, 17); } else { seconds = 0; } cal.set(year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds); // Optional milliseconds start = m.start(1) + 1; end = m.end(1); int msecs = 0; if (start >= end) { // no fractional cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0); } else { // first char is '.', but rest.... msecs = 0; final int fractLen = end-start; switch (fractLen) { default: // [databind#1745] Allow longer fractions... for now, cap at nanoseconds tho if (fractLen > 9) { // only allow up to nanos throw new ParseException(String.format( "Cannot parse date \"%s\": invalid fractional seconds '%s'; can use at most 9 digits", dateStr, m.group(1).substring(1) ), start); } // fall through case 3: msecs += (dateStr.charAt(start+2) - '0'); case 2: msecs += 10 * (dateStr.charAt(start+1) - '0'); case 1: msecs += 100 * (dateStr.charAt(start) - '0'); break; case 0: break; } cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, msecs); } return cal.getTime(); } formatStr = DATE_FORMAT_STR_ISO8601; } throw new ParseException (String.format("Cannot parse date \"%s\": while it seems to fit format '%s', parsing fails (leniency? %s)", dateStr, formatStr, _lenient), // [databind#1742]: Might be able to give actual location, some day, but for now // we can't give anything more indicative 0); } private static int _parse4D(String str, int index) { return (1000 * (str.charAt(index) - '0')) + (100 * (str.charAt(index+1) - '0')) + (10 * (str.charAt(index+2) - '0')) + (str.charAt(index+3) - '0'); } private static int _parse2D(String str, int index) { return (10 * (str.charAt(index) - '0')) + (str.charAt(index+1) - '0'); } protected Date parseAsRFC1123(String dateStr, ParsePosition pos) { if (_formatRFC1123 == null) { _formatRFC1123 = _cloneFormat(DATE_FORMAT_RFC1123, DATE_FORMAT_STR_RFC1123, _timezone, _locale, _lenient); } return _formatRFC1123.parse(dateStr, pos); } /* /********************************************************** /* Helper methods, other /********************************************************** */ private final static DateFormat _cloneFormat(DateFormat df, String format, TimeZone tz, Locale loc, Boolean lenient) { if (!loc.equals(DEFAULT_LOCALE)) { df = new SimpleDateFormat(format, loc); df.setTimeZone((tz == null) ? DEFAULT_TIMEZONE : tz); } else { df = (DateFormat) df.clone(); if (tz != null) { df.setTimeZone(tz); } } if (lenient != null) { df.setLenient(lenient.booleanValue()); } return df; } protected void _clearFormats() { _formatRFC1123 = null; } protected Calendar _getCalendar(TimeZone tz) { Calendar cal = _calendar; if (cal == null ) { _calendar = cal = (Calendar)CALENDAR.clone(); } if (!cal.getTimeZone().equals(tz) ) { cal.setTimeZone(tz); } cal.setLenient(isLenient()); return cal; } protected static boolean _equals(T value1, T value2) { if (value1 == value2) { return true; } return (value1 != null) && value1.equals(value2); } }





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