/*
* Copyright (C) 2009 The Guava Authors
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
* in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
* is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
* or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
* the License.
*/
package com.google.common.cache;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.base.Ascii;
import com.google.common.base.Equivalence;
import com.google.common.base.MoreObjects;
import com.google.common.base.Supplier;
import com.google.common.base.Suppliers;
import com.google.common.base.Ticker;
import com.google.common.cache.AbstractCache.SimpleStatsCounter;
import com.google.common.cache.AbstractCache.StatsCounter;
import com.google.common.cache.LocalCache.Strength;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import com.google.j2objc.annotations.J2ObjCIncompatible;
import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;
/**
* A builder of {@link LoadingCache} and {@link Cache} instances.
*
* Prefer Caffeine over Guava's caching
* API
*
* The successor to Guava's caching API is Caffeine . Its API is designed to make it a
* nearly drop-in replacement -- though it requires Java 8 APIs, is not available for Android or
* GWT/j2cl, and may have different
* (usually better) behavior when multiple threads attempt concurrent mutations. Its equivalent
* to {@code CacheBuilder} is its {@code
* Caffeine} class. Caffeine offers better performance, more features (including asynchronous
* loading), and fewer bugs .
*
*
Caffeine defines its own interfaces ({@code
* Cache} , {@code
* LoadingCache} , {@code
* CacheLoader} , etc.), so you can use Caffeine without needing to use any Guava types.
* Caffeine's types are better than Guava's, especially for their
* deep support for asynchronous operations . But if you want to migrate to Caffeine with minimal
* code changes, you can use its
* {@code CaffeinatedGuava} adapter class , which lets you build a Guava {@code Cache} or a Guava
* {@code LoadingCache} backed by a Guava {@code CacheLoader}.
*
*
Caffeine's API for asynchronous operations uses {@code CompletableFuture}: {@code
* AsyncLoadingCache.get} returns a {@code CompletableFuture}, and implementations of {@code
* AsyncCacheLoader.asyncLoad} must return a {@code CompletableFuture}. Users of Guava's {@link
* com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture} can adapt between the two {@code Future}
* types by using {@code
* net.javacrumbs.futureconverter.java8guava.FutureConverter} .
*
*
More on {@code CacheBuilder}
*
* {@code CacheBuilder} builds caches with any combination of the following features:
*
*
* automatic loading of entries into the cache
* least-recently-used eviction when a maximum size is exceeded (note that the cache is
* divided into segments, each of which does LRU internally)
* time-based expiration of entries, measured since last access or last write
* keys automatically wrapped in {@code WeakReference}
* values automatically wrapped in {@code WeakReference} or {@code SoftReference}
* notification of evicted (or otherwise removed) entries
* accumulation of cache access statistics
*
*
* These features are all optional; caches can be created using all or none of them. By default,
* cache instances created by {@code CacheBuilder} will not perform any type of eviction.
*
*
Usage example:
*
*
{@code
* LoadingCache graphs = CacheBuilder.newBuilder()
* .maximumSize(10000)
* .expireAfterWrite(Duration.ofMinutes(10))
* .removalListener(MY_LISTENER)
* .build(
* new CacheLoader() {
* public Graph load(Key key) throws AnyException {
* return createExpensiveGraph(key);
* }
* });
* }
*
* Or equivalently,
*
*
{@code
* // In real life this would come from a command-line flag or config file
* String spec = "maximumSize=10000,expireAfterWrite=10m";
*
* LoadingCache graphs = CacheBuilder.from(spec)
* .removalListener(MY_LISTENER)
* .build(
* new CacheLoader() {
* public Graph load(Key key) throws AnyException {
* return createExpensiveGraph(key);
* }
* });
* }
*
* The returned cache implements all optional operations of the {@link LoadingCache} and {@link
* Cache} interfaces. The {@code asMap} view (and its collection views) have weakly consistent
* iterators . This means that they are safe for concurrent use, but if other threads modify the
* cache after the iterator is created, it is undefined which of these changes, if any, are
* reflected in that iterator. These iterators never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.
*
*
Note: by default, the returned cache uses equality comparisons (the {@link
* Object#equals equals} method) to determine equality for keys or values. However, if {@link
* #weakKeys} was specified, the cache uses identity ({@code ==}) comparisons instead for keys.
* Likewise, if {@link #weakValues} or {@link #softValues} was specified, the cache uses identity
* comparisons for values.
*
*
Entries are automatically evicted from the cache when any of {@link #maximumSize(long)
* maximumSize}, {@link #maximumWeight(long) maximumWeight}, {@link #expireAfterWrite
* expireAfterWrite}, {@link #expireAfterAccess expireAfterAccess}, {@link #weakKeys weakKeys},
* {@link #weakValues weakValues}, or {@link #softValues softValues} are requested.
*
*
If {@link #maximumSize(long) maximumSize} or {@link #maximumWeight(long) maximumWeight} is
* requested entries may be evicted on each cache modification.
*
*
If {@link #expireAfterWrite expireAfterWrite} or {@link #expireAfterAccess expireAfterAccess}
* is requested entries may be evicted on each cache modification, on occasional cache accesses, or
* on calls to {@link Cache#cleanUp}. Expired entries may be counted by {@link Cache#size}, but will
* never be visible to read or write operations.
*
*
If {@link #weakKeys weakKeys}, {@link #weakValues weakValues}, or {@link #softValues
* softValues} are requested, it is possible for a key or value present in the cache to be reclaimed
* by the garbage collector. Entries with reclaimed keys or values may be removed from the cache on
* each cache modification, on occasional cache accesses, or on calls to {@link Cache#cleanUp}; such
* entries may be counted in {@link Cache#size}, but will never be visible to read or write
* operations.
*
*
Certain cache configurations will result in the accrual of periodic maintenance tasks which
* will be performed during write operations, or during occasional read operations in the absence of
* writes. The {@link Cache#cleanUp} method of the returned cache will also perform maintenance, but
* calling it should not be necessary with a high throughput cache. Only caches built with {@link
* #removalListener removalListener}, {@link #expireAfterWrite expireAfterWrite}, {@link
* #expireAfterAccess expireAfterAccess}, {@link #weakKeys weakKeys}, {@link #weakValues
* weakValues}, or {@link #softValues softValues} perform periodic maintenance.
*
*
The caches produced by {@code CacheBuilder} are serializable, and the deserialized caches
* retain all the configuration properties of the original cache. Note that the serialized form does
* not include cache contents, but only configuration.
*
*
See the Guava User Guide article on caching for a higher-level
* explanation.
*
* @param the most general key type this builder will be able to create caches for. This is
* normally {@code Object} unless it is constrained by using a method like {@code
* #removalListener}. Cache keys may not be null.
* @param the most general value type this builder will be able to create caches for. This is
* normally {@code Object} unless it is constrained by using a method like {@code
* #removalListener}. Cache values may not be null.
* @author Charles Fry
* @author Kevin Bourrillion
* @since 10.0
*/
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public final class CacheBuilder {
private static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 16;
private static final int DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY_LEVEL = 4;
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should be a java.time.Duration
private static final int DEFAULT_EXPIRATION_NANOS = 0;
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should be a java.time.Duration
private static final int DEFAULT_REFRESH_NANOS = 0;
static final Supplier NULL_STATS_COUNTER =
Suppliers.ofInstance(
new StatsCounter() {
@Override
public void recordHits(int count) {}
@Override
public void recordMisses(int count) {}
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // b/122668874
@Override
public void recordLoadSuccess(long loadTime) {}
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // b/122668874
@Override
public void recordLoadException(long loadTime) {}
@Override
public void recordEviction() {}
@Override
public CacheStats snapshot() {
return EMPTY_STATS;
}
});
static final CacheStats EMPTY_STATS = new CacheStats(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
/*
* We avoid using a method reference or lambda here for now:
*
* - method reference: Inside Google, CacheBuilder is used from the implementation of a custom
* ClassLoader that is sometimes used as a system classloader. That's a problem because
* method-reference linking tries to look up the system classloader, and it fails because there
* isn't one yet.
*
* - lambda: Outside Google, we got a report of a similar problem in
* https://github.com/google/guava/issues/6565
*/
@SuppressWarnings("AnonymousToLambda")
static final Supplier CACHE_STATS_COUNTER =
new Supplier() {
@Override
public StatsCounter get() {
return new SimpleStatsCounter();
}
};
enum NullListener implements RemovalListener {
INSTANCE;
@Override
public void onRemoval(RemovalNotification notification) {}
}
enum OneWeigher implements Weigher {
INSTANCE;
@Override
public int weigh(Object key, Object value) {
return 1;
}
}
static final Ticker NULL_TICKER =
new Ticker() {
@Override
public long read() {
return 0;
}
};
// We use a holder class to delay initialization: https://github.com/google/guava/issues/6566
private static final class LoggerHolder {
static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(CacheBuilder.class.getName());
}
static final int UNSET_INT = -1;
boolean strictParsing = true;
int initialCapacity = UNSET_INT;
int concurrencyLevel = UNSET_INT;
long maximumSize = UNSET_INT;
long maximumWeight = UNSET_INT;
@CheckForNull Weigher weigher;
@CheckForNull Strength keyStrength;
@CheckForNull Strength valueStrength;
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should be a java.time.Duration
long expireAfterWriteNanos = UNSET_INT;
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should be a java.time.Duration
long expireAfterAccessNanos = UNSET_INT;
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should be a java.time.Duration
long refreshNanos = UNSET_INT;
@CheckForNull Equivalence keyEquivalence;
@CheckForNull Equivalence valueEquivalence;
@CheckForNull RemovalListener removalListener;
@CheckForNull Ticker ticker;
Supplier statsCounterSupplier = NULL_STATS_COUNTER;
private CacheBuilder() {}
/**
* Constructs a new {@code CacheBuilder} instance with default settings, including strong keys,
* strong values, and no automatic eviction of any kind.
*
* Note that while this return type is {@code CacheBuilder}, type parameters on
* the {@link #build} methods allow you to create a cache of any key and value type desired.
*/
public static CacheBuilder newBuilder() {
return new CacheBuilder<>();
}
/**
* Constructs a new {@code CacheBuilder} instance with the settings specified in {@code spec}.
*
* @since 12.0
*/
@GwtIncompatible // To be supported
public static CacheBuilder from(CacheBuilderSpec spec) {
return spec.toCacheBuilder().lenientParsing();
}
/**
* Constructs a new {@code CacheBuilder} instance with the settings specified in {@code spec}.
* This is especially useful for command-line configuration of a {@code CacheBuilder}.
*
* @param spec a String in the format specified by {@link CacheBuilderSpec}
* @since 12.0
*/
@GwtIncompatible // To be supported
public static CacheBuilder from(String spec) {
return from(CacheBuilderSpec.parse(spec));
}
/**
* Enables lenient parsing. Useful for tests and spec parsing.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
*/
@GwtIncompatible // To be supported
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
CacheBuilder lenientParsing() {
strictParsing = false;
return this;
}
/**
* Sets a custom {@code Equivalence} strategy for comparing keys.
*
* By default, the cache uses {@link Equivalence#identity} to determine key equality when
* {@link #weakKeys} is specified, and {@link Equivalence#equals()} otherwise.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
*/
@GwtIncompatible // To be supported
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
CacheBuilder keyEquivalence(Equivalence equivalence) {
checkState(keyEquivalence == null, "key equivalence was already set to %s", keyEquivalence);
keyEquivalence = checkNotNull(equivalence);
return this;
}
Equivalence getKeyEquivalence() {
return MoreObjects.firstNonNull(keyEquivalence, getKeyStrength().defaultEquivalence());
}
/**
* Sets a custom {@code Equivalence} strategy for comparing values.
*
* By default, the cache uses {@link Equivalence#identity} to determine value equality when
* {@link #weakValues} or {@link #softValues} is specified, and {@link Equivalence#equals()}
* otherwise.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
*/
@GwtIncompatible // To be supported
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
CacheBuilder valueEquivalence(Equivalence equivalence) {
checkState(
valueEquivalence == null, "value equivalence was already set to %s", valueEquivalence);
this.valueEquivalence = checkNotNull(equivalence);
return this;
}
Equivalence getValueEquivalence() {
return MoreObjects.firstNonNull(valueEquivalence, getValueStrength().defaultEquivalence());
}
/**
* Sets the minimum total size for the internal hash tables. For example, if the initial capacity
* is {@code 60}, and the concurrency level is {@code 8}, then eight segments are created, each
* having a hash table of size eight. Providing a large enough estimate at construction time
* avoids the need for expensive resizing operations later, but setting this value unnecessarily
* high wastes memory.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code initialCapacity} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if an initial capacity was already set
*/
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder initialCapacity(int initialCapacity) {
checkState(
this.initialCapacity == UNSET_INT,
"initial capacity was already set to %s",
this.initialCapacity);
checkArgument(initialCapacity >= 0);
this.initialCapacity = initialCapacity;
return this;
}
int getInitialCapacity() {
return (initialCapacity == UNSET_INT) ? DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY : initialCapacity;
}
/**
* Guides the allowed concurrency among update operations. Used as a hint for internal sizing. The
* table is internally partitioned to try to permit the indicated number of concurrent updates
* without contention. Because assignment of entries to these partitions is not necessarily
* uniform, the actual concurrency observed may vary. Ideally, you should choose a value to
* accommodate as many threads as will ever concurrently modify the table. Using a significantly
* higher value than you need can waste space and time, and a significantly lower value can lead
* to thread contention. But overestimates and underestimates within an order of magnitude do not
* usually have much noticeable impact. A value of one permits only one thread to modify the cache
* at a time, but since read operations and cache loading computations can proceed concurrently,
* this still yields higher concurrency than full synchronization.
*
* Defaults to 4. Note: The default may change in the future. If you care about this
* value, you should always choose it explicitly.
*
*
The current implementation uses the concurrency level to create a fixed number of hashtable
* segments, each governed by its own write lock. The segment lock is taken once for each explicit
* write, and twice for each cache loading computation (once prior to loading the new value, and
* once after loading completes). Much internal cache management is performed at the segment
* granularity. For example, access queues and write queues are kept per segment when they are
* required by the selected eviction algorithm. As such, when writing unit tests it is not
* uncommon to specify {@code concurrencyLevel(1)} in order to achieve more deterministic eviction
* behavior.
*
*
Note that future implementations may abandon segment locking in favor of more advanced
* concurrency controls.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code concurrencyLevel} is nonpositive
* @throws IllegalStateException if a concurrency level was already set
*/
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder concurrencyLevel(int concurrencyLevel) {
checkState(
this.concurrencyLevel == UNSET_INT,
"concurrency level was already set to %s",
this.concurrencyLevel);
checkArgument(concurrencyLevel > 0);
this.concurrencyLevel = concurrencyLevel;
return this;
}
int getConcurrencyLevel() {
return (concurrencyLevel == UNSET_INT) ? DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY_LEVEL : concurrencyLevel;
}
/**
* Specifies the maximum number of entries the cache may contain.
*
* Note that the cache may evict an entry before this limit is exceeded . For example, in
* the current implementation, when {@code concurrencyLevel} is greater than {@code 1}, each
* resulting segment inside the cache independently limits its own size to approximately
* {@code maximumSize / concurrencyLevel}.
*
*
When eviction is necessary, the cache evicts entries that are less likely to be used again.
* For example, the cache may evict an entry because it hasn't been used recently or very often.
*
*
If {@code maximumSize} is zero, elements will be evicted immediately after being loaded into
* cache. This can be useful in testing, or to disable caching temporarily.
*
*
This feature cannot be used in conjunction with {@link #maximumWeight}.
*
* @param maximumSize the maximum size of the cache
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code maximumSize} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if a maximum size or weight was already set
*/
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder maximumSize(long maximumSize) {
checkState(
this.maximumSize == UNSET_INT, "maximum size was already set to %s", this.maximumSize);
checkState(
this.maximumWeight == UNSET_INT,
"maximum weight was already set to %s",
this.maximumWeight);
checkState(this.weigher == null, "maximum size can not be combined with weigher");
checkArgument(maximumSize >= 0, "maximum size must not be negative");
this.maximumSize = maximumSize;
return this;
}
/**
* Specifies the maximum weight of entries the cache may contain. Weight is determined using the
* {@link Weigher} specified with {@link #weigher}, and use of this method requires a
* corresponding call to {@link #weigher} prior to calling {@link #build}.
*
* Note that the cache may evict an entry before this limit is exceeded . For example, in
* the current implementation, when {@code concurrencyLevel} is greater than {@code 1}, each
* resulting segment inside the cache independently limits its own weight to approximately
* {@code maximumWeight / concurrencyLevel}.
*
*
When eviction is necessary, the cache evicts entries that are less likely to be used again.
* For example, the cache may evict an entry because it hasn't been used recently or very often.
*
*
If {@code maximumWeight} is zero, elements will be evicted immediately after being loaded
* into cache. This can be useful in testing, or to disable caching temporarily.
*
*
Note that weight is only used to determine whether the cache is over capacity; it has no
* effect on selecting which entry should be evicted next.
*
*
This feature cannot be used in conjunction with {@link #maximumSize}.
*
* @param maximumWeight the maximum total weight of entries the cache may contain
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code maximumWeight} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if a maximum weight or size was already set
* @since 11.0
*/
@GwtIncompatible // To be supported
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder maximumWeight(long maximumWeight) {
checkState(
this.maximumWeight == UNSET_INT,
"maximum weight was already set to %s",
this.maximumWeight);
checkState(
this.maximumSize == UNSET_INT, "maximum size was already set to %s", this.maximumSize);
checkArgument(maximumWeight >= 0, "maximum weight must not be negative");
this.maximumWeight = maximumWeight;
return this;
}
/**
* Specifies the weigher to use in determining the weight of entries. Entry weight is taken into
* consideration by {@link #maximumWeight(long)} when determining which entries to evict, and use
* of this method requires a corresponding call to {@link #maximumWeight(long)} prior to calling
* {@link #build}. Weights are measured and recorded when entries are inserted into the cache, and
* are thus effectively static during the lifetime of a cache entry.
*
* When the weight of an entry is zero it will not be considered for size-based eviction
* (though it still may be evicted by other means).
*
*
Important note: Instead of returning this as a {@code CacheBuilder}
* instance, this method returns {@code CacheBuilder}. From this point on, either the
* original reference or the returned reference may be used to complete configuration and build
* the cache, but only the "generic" one is type-safe. That is, it will properly prevent you from
* building caches whose key or value types are incompatible with the types accepted by the
* weigher already provided; the {@code CacheBuilder} type cannot do this. For best results,
* simply use the standard method-chaining idiom, as illustrated in the documentation at top,
* configuring a {@code CacheBuilder} and building your {@link Cache} all in a single statement.
*
* Warning: if you ignore the above advice, and use this {@code CacheBuilder} to build a
* cache whose key or value type is incompatible with the weigher, you will likely experience a
* {@link ClassCastException} at some undefined point in the future.
*
* @param weigher the weigher to use in calculating the weight of cache entries
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalStateException if a weigher was already set or {@link #maximumSize} was
* previously called
* @since 11.0
*/
@GwtIncompatible // To be supported
@CanIgnoreReturnValue // TODO(b/27479612): consider removing this
public CacheBuilder weigher(
Weigher weigher) {
checkState(this.weigher == null);
if (strictParsing) {
checkState(
this.maximumSize == UNSET_INT,
"weigher can not be combined with maximum size (%s provided)",
this.maximumSize);
}
// safely limiting the kinds of caches this can produce
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
CacheBuilder me = (CacheBuilder) this;
me.weigher = checkNotNull(weigher);
return me;
}
long getMaximumWeight() {
if (expireAfterWriteNanos == 0 || expireAfterAccessNanos == 0) {
return 0;
}
return (weigher == null) ? maximumSize : maximumWeight;
}
// Make a safe contravariant cast now so we don't have to do it over and over.
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Weigher getWeigher() {
return (Weigher) MoreObjects.firstNonNull(weigher, OneWeigher.INSTANCE);
}
/**
* Specifies that each key (not value) stored in the cache should be wrapped in a {@link
* WeakReference} (by default, strong references are used).
*
* Warning: when this method is used, the resulting cache will use identity ({@code ==})
* comparison to determine equality of keys. Its {@link Cache#asMap} view will therefore
* technically violate the {@link Map} specification (in the same way that {@link IdentityHashMap}
* does).
*
*
Entries with keys that have been garbage collected may be counted in {@link Cache#size}, but
* will never be visible to read or write operations; such entries are cleaned up as part of the
* routine maintenance described in the class javadoc.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalStateException if the key strength was already set
*/
@GwtIncompatible // java.lang.ref.WeakReference
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder weakKeys() {
return setKeyStrength(Strength.WEAK);
}
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
CacheBuilder setKeyStrength(Strength strength) {
checkState(keyStrength == null, "Key strength was already set to %s", keyStrength);
keyStrength = checkNotNull(strength);
return this;
}
Strength getKeyStrength() {
return MoreObjects.firstNonNull(keyStrength, Strength.STRONG);
}
/**
* Specifies that each value (not key) stored in the cache should be wrapped in a {@link
* WeakReference} (by default, strong references are used).
*
* Weak values will be garbage collected once they are weakly reachable. This makes them a poor
* candidate for caching; consider {@link #softValues} instead.
*
*
Note: when this method is used, the resulting cache will use identity ({@code ==})
* comparison to determine equality of values.
*
*
Entries with values that have been garbage collected may be counted in {@link Cache#size},
* but will never be visible to read or write operations; such entries are cleaned up as part of
* the routine maintenance described in the class javadoc.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalStateException if the value strength was already set
*/
@GwtIncompatible // java.lang.ref.WeakReference
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder weakValues() {
return setValueStrength(Strength.WEAK);
}
/**
* Specifies that each value (not key) stored in the cache should be wrapped in a {@link
* SoftReference} (by default, strong references are used). Softly-referenced objects will be
* garbage-collected in a globally least-recently-used manner, in response to memory
* demand.
*
* Warning: in most circumstances it is better to set a per-cache {@linkplain
* #maximumSize(long) maximum size} instead of using soft references. You should only use this
* method if you are well familiar with the practical consequences of soft references.
*
*
Note: when this method is used, the resulting cache will use identity ({@code ==})
* comparison to determine equality of values.
*
*
Entries with values that have been garbage collected may be counted in {@link Cache#size},
* but will never be visible to read or write operations; such entries are cleaned up as part of
* the routine maintenance described in the class javadoc.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalStateException if the value strength was already set
*/
@GwtIncompatible // java.lang.ref.SoftReference
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder softValues() {
return setValueStrength(Strength.SOFT);
}
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
CacheBuilder setValueStrength(Strength strength) {
checkState(valueStrength == null, "Value strength was already set to %s", valueStrength);
valueStrength = checkNotNull(strength);
return this;
}
Strength getValueStrength() {
return MoreObjects.firstNonNull(valueStrength, Strength.STRONG);
}
/**
* Specifies that each entry should be automatically removed from the cache once a fixed duration
* has elapsed after the entry's creation, or the most recent replacement of its value.
*
* When {@code duration} is zero, this method hands off to {@link #maximumSize(long)
* maximumSize}{@code (0)}, ignoring any otherwise-specified maximum size or weight. This can be
* useful in testing, or to disable caching temporarily without a code change.
*
*
Expired entries may be counted in {@link Cache#size}, but will never be visible to read or
* write operations. Expired entries are cleaned up as part of the routine maintenance described
* in the class javadoc.
*
* @param duration the length of time after an entry is created that it should be automatically
* removed
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #expireAfterWrite} was already set
* @throws ArithmeticException for durations greater than +/- approximately 292 years
* @since 25.0
*/
@J2ObjCIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible // java.time.Duration
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // java.time.Duration decomposition
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder expireAfterWrite(java.time.Duration duration) {
return expireAfterWrite(toNanosSaturated(duration), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
}
/**
* Specifies that each entry should be automatically removed from the cache once a fixed duration
* has elapsed after the entry's creation, or the most recent replacement of its value.
*
* When {@code duration} is zero, this method hands off to {@link #maximumSize(long)
* maximumSize}{@code (0)}, ignoring any otherwise-specified maximum size or weight. This can be
* useful in testing, or to disable caching temporarily without a code change.
*
*
Expired entries may be counted in {@link Cache#size}, but will never be visible to read or
* write operations. Expired entries are cleaned up as part of the routine maintenance described
* in the class javadoc.
*
*
If you can represent the duration as a {@link java.time.Duration} (which should be preferred
* when feasible), use {@link #expireAfterWrite(Duration)} instead.
*
* @param duration the length of time after an entry is created that it should be automatically
* removed
* @param unit the unit that {@code duration} is expressed in
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #expireAfterWrite} was already set
*/
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder expireAfterWrite(long duration, TimeUnit unit) {
checkState(
expireAfterWriteNanos == UNSET_INT,
"expireAfterWrite was already set to %s ns",
expireAfterWriteNanos);
checkArgument(duration >= 0, "duration cannot be negative: %s %s", duration, unit);
this.expireAfterWriteNanos = unit.toNanos(duration);
return this;
}
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // nanos internally, should be Duration
long getExpireAfterWriteNanos() {
return (expireAfterWriteNanos == UNSET_INT) ? DEFAULT_EXPIRATION_NANOS : expireAfterWriteNanos;
}
/**
* Specifies that each entry should be automatically removed from the cache once a fixed duration
* has elapsed after the entry's creation, the most recent replacement of its value, or its last
* access. Access time is reset by all cache read and write operations (including {@code
* Cache.asMap().get(Object)} and {@code Cache.asMap().put(K, V)}), but not by {@code
* containsKey(Object)}, nor by operations on the collection-views of {@link Cache#asMap}}. So,
* for example, iterating through {@code Cache.asMap().entrySet()} does not reset access time for
* the entries you retrieve.
*
* When {@code duration} is zero, this method hands off to {@link #maximumSize(long)
* maximumSize}{@code (0)}, ignoring any otherwise-specified maximum size or weight. This can be
* useful in testing, or to disable caching temporarily without a code change.
*
*
Expired entries may be counted in {@link Cache#size}, but will never be visible to read or
* write operations. Expired entries are cleaned up as part of the routine maintenance described
* in the class javadoc.
*
* @param duration the length of time after an entry is last accessed that it should be
* automatically removed
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #expireAfterAccess} was already set
* @throws ArithmeticException for durations greater than +/- approximately 292 years
* @since 25.0
*/
@J2ObjCIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible // java.time.Duration
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // java.time.Duration decomposition
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder expireAfterAccess(java.time.Duration duration) {
return expireAfterAccess(toNanosSaturated(duration), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
}
/**
* Specifies that each entry should be automatically removed from the cache once a fixed duration
* has elapsed after the entry's creation, the most recent replacement of its value, or its last
* access. Access time is reset by all cache read and write operations (including {@code
* Cache.asMap().get(Object)} and {@code Cache.asMap().put(K, V)}), but not by {@code
* containsKey(Object)}, nor by operations on the collection-views of {@link Cache#asMap}. So, for
* example, iterating through {@code Cache.asMap().entrySet()} does not reset access time for the
* entries you retrieve.
*
* When {@code duration} is zero, this method hands off to {@link #maximumSize(long)
* maximumSize}{@code (0)}, ignoring any otherwise-specified maximum size or weight. This can be
* useful in testing, or to disable caching temporarily without a code change.
*
*
Expired entries may be counted in {@link Cache#size}, but will never be visible to read or
* write operations. Expired entries are cleaned up as part of the routine maintenance described
* in the class javadoc.
*
*
If you can represent the duration as a {@link java.time.Duration} (which should be preferred
* when feasible), use {@link #expireAfterAccess(Duration)} instead.
*
* @param duration the length of time after an entry is last accessed that it should be
* automatically removed
* @param unit the unit that {@code duration} is expressed in
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #expireAfterAccess} was already set
*/
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder expireAfterAccess(long duration, TimeUnit unit) {
checkState(
expireAfterAccessNanos == UNSET_INT,
"expireAfterAccess was already set to %s ns",
expireAfterAccessNanos);
checkArgument(duration >= 0, "duration cannot be negative: %s %s", duration, unit);
this.expireAfterAccessNanos = unit.toNanos(duration);
return this;
}
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // nanos internally, should be Duration
long getExpireAfterAccessNanos() {
return (expireAfterAccessNanos == UNSET_INT)
? DEFAULT_EXPIRATION_NANOS
: expireAfterAccessNanos;
}
/**
* Specifies that active entries are eligible for automatic refresh once a fixed duration has
* elapsed after the entry's creation, or the most recent replacement of its value. The semantics
* of refreshes are specified in {@link LoadingCache#refresh}, and are performed by calling {@link
* CacheLoader#reload}.
*
* As the default implementation of {@link CacheLoader#reload} is synchronous, it is
* recommended that users of this method override {@link CacheLoader#reload} with an asynchronous
* implementation; otherwise refreshes will be performed during unrelated cache read and write
* operations.
*
*
Currently automatic refreshes are performed when the first stale request for an entry
* occurs. The request triggering refresh will make a synchronous call to {@link
* CacheLoader#reload}
* to obtain a future of the new value. If the returned future is already complete, it is returned
* immediately. Otherwise, the old value is returned.
*
*
Note: all exceptions thrown during refresh will be logged and then swallowed .
*
* @param duration the length of time after an entry is created that it should be considered
* stale, and thus eligible for refresh
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #refreshAfterWrite} was already set
* @throws ArithmeticException for durations greater than +/- approximately 292 years
* @since 25.0
*/
@J2ObjCIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible // java.time.Duration
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // java.time.Duration decomposition
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder refreshAfterWrite(java.time.Duration duration) {
return refreshAfterWrite(toNanosSaturated(duration), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
}
/**
* Specifies that active entries are eligible for automatic refresh once a fixed duration has
* elapsed after the entry's creation, or the most recent replacement of its value. The semantics
* of refreshes are specified in {@link LoadingCache#refresh}, and are performed by calling {@link
* CacheLoader#reload}.
*
* As the default implementation of {@link CacheLoader#reload} is synchronous, it is
* recommended that users of this method override {@link CacheLoader#reload} with an asynchronous
* implementation; otherwise refreshes will be performed during unrelated cache read and write
* operations.
*
*
Currently automatic refreshes are performed when the first stale request for an entry
* occurs. The request triggering refresh will make a synchronous call to {@link
* CacheLoader#reload}
* and immediately return the new value if the returned future is complete, and the old value
* otherwise.
*
*
Note: all exceptions thrown during refresh will be logged and then swallowed .
*
*
If you can represent the duration as a {@link java.time.Duration} (which should be preferred
* when feasible), use {@link #refreshAfterWrite(Duration)} instead.
*
* @param duration the length of time after an entry is created that it should be considered
* stale, and thus eligible for refresh
* @param unit the unit that {@code duration} is expressed in
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is negative
* @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #refreshAfterWrite} was already set
* @since 11.0
*/
@GwtIncompatible // To be supported (synchronously).
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder refreshAfterWrite(long duration, TimeUnit unit) {
checkNotNull(unit);
checkState(refreshNanos == UNSET_INT, "refresh was already set to %s ns", refreshNanos);
checkArgument(duration > 0, "duration must be positive: %s %s", duration, unit);
this.refreshNanos = unit.toNanos(duration);
return this;
}
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // nanos internally, should be Duration
long getRefreshNanos() {
return (refreshNanos == UNSET_INT) ? DEFAULT_REFRESH_NANOS : refreshNanos;
}
/**
* Specifies a nanosecond-precision time source for this cache. By default, {@link
* System#nanoTime} is used.
*
* The primary intent of this method is to facilitate testing of caches with a fake or mock
* time source.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalStateException if a ticker was already set
*/
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder ticker(Ticker ticker) {
checkState(this.ticker == null);
this.ticker = checkNotNull(ticker);
return this;
}
Ticker getTicker(boolean recordsTime) {
if (ticker != null) {
return ticker;
}
return recordsTime ? Ticker.systemTicker() : NULL_TICKER;
}
/**
* Specifies a listener instance that caches should notify each time an entry is removed for any
* {@linkplain RemovalCause reason}. Each cache created by this builder will invoke this listener
* as part of the routine maintenance described in the class documentation above.
*
* Warning: after invoking this method, do not continue to use this cache builder
* reference; instead use the reference this method returns . At runtime, these point to the
* same instance, but only the returned reference has the correct generic type information to
* ensure type safety. For best results, use the standard method-chaining idiom illustrated in the
* class documentation above, configuring a builder and building your cache in a single statement.
* Failure to heed this advice can result in a {@link ClassCastException} being thrown by a cache
* operation at some undefined point in the future.
*
*
Warning: any exception thrown by {@code listener} will not be propagated to
* the {@code Cache} user, only logged via a {@link Logger}.
*
* @return the cache builder reference that should be used instead of {@code this} for any
* remaining configuration and cache building
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @throws IllegalStateException if a removal listener was already set
*/
public CacheBuilder removalListener(
RemovalListener listener) {
checkState(this.removalListener == null);
// safely limiting the kinds of caches this can produce
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
CacheBuilder me = (CacheBuilder) this;
me.removalListener = checkNotNull(listener);
return me;
}
// Make a safe contravariant cast now so we don't have to do it over and over.
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
RemovalListener getRemovalListener() {
return (RemovalListener)
MoreObjects.firstNonNull(removalListener, NullListener.INSTANCE);
}
/**
* Enable the accumulation of {@link CacheStats} during the operation of the cache. Without this
* {@link Cache#stats} will return zero for all statistics. Note that recording stats requires
* bookkeeping to be performed with each operation, and thus imposes a performance penalty on
* cache operation.
*
* @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
* @since 12.0 (previously, stats collection was automatic)
*/
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
public CacheBuilder recordStats() {
statsCounterSupplier = CACHE_STATS_COUNTER;
return this;
}
boolean isRecordingStats() {
return statsCounterSupplier == CACHE_STATS_COUNTER;
}
Supplier getStatsCounterSupplier() {
return statsCounterSupplier;
}
/**
* Builds a cache, which either returns an already-loaded value for a given key or atomically
* computes or retrieves it using the supplied {@code CacheLoader}. If another thread is currently
* loading the value for this key, simply waits for that thread to finish and returns its loaded
* value. Note that multiple threads can concurrently load values for distinct keys.
*
* This method does not alter the state of this {@code CacheBuilder} instance, so it can be
* invoked again to create multiple independent caches.
*
* @param loader the cache loader used to obtain new values
* @return a cache having the requested features
*/
public LoadingCache build(
CacheLoader loader) {
checkWeightWithWeigher();
return new LocalCache.LocalLoadingCache<>(this, loader);
}
/**
* Builds a cache which does not automatically load values when keys are requested.
*
* Consider {@link #build(CacheLoader)} instead, if it is feasible to implement a {@code
* CacheLoader}.
*
*
This method does not alter the state of this {@code CacheBuilder} instance, so it can be
* invoked again to create multiple independent caches.
*
* @return a cache having the requested features
* @since 11.0
*/
public Cache build() {
checkWeightWithWeigher();
checkNonLoadingCache();
return new LocalCache.LocalManualCache<>(this);
}
private void checkNonLoadingCache() {
checkState(refreshNanos == UNSET_INT, "refreshAfterWrite requires a LoadingCache");
}
private void checkWeightWithWeigher() {
if (weigher == null) {
checkState(maximumWeight == UNSET_INT, "maximumWeight requires weigher");
} else {
if (strictParsing) {
checkState(maximumWeight != UNSET_INT, "weigher requires maximumWeight");
} else {
if (maximumWeight == UNSET_INT) {
LoggerHolder.logger.log(
Level.WARNING, "ignoring weigher specified without maximumWeight");
}
}
}
}
/**
* Returns a string representation for this CacheBuilder instance. The exact form of the returned
* string is not specified.
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
MoreObjects.ToStringHelper s = MoreObjects.toStringHelper(this);
if (initialCapacity != UNSET_INT) {
s.add("initialCapacity", initialCapacity);
}
if (concurrencyLevel != UNSET_INT) {
s.add("concurrencyLevel", concurrencyLevel);
}
if (maximumSize != UNSET_INT) {
s.add("maximumSize", maximumSize);
}
if (maximumWeight != UNSET_INT) {
s.add("maximumWeight", maximumWeight);
}
if (expireAfterWriteNanos != UNSET_INT) {
s.add("expireAfterWrite", expireAfterWriteNanos + "ns");
}
if (expireAfterAccessNanos != UNSET_INT) {
s.add("expireAfterAccess", expireAfterAccessNanos + "ns");
}
if (keyStrength != null) {
s.add("keyStrength", Ascii.toLowerCase(keyStrength.toString()));
}
if (valueStrength != null) {
s.add("valueStrength", Ascii.toLowerCase(valueStrength.toString()));
}
if (keyEquivalence != null) {
s.addValue("keyEquivalence");
}
if (valueEquivalence != null) {
s.addValue("valueEquivalence");
}
if (removalListener != null) {
s.addValue("removalListener");
}
return s.toString();
}
/**
* Returns the number of nanoseconds of the given duration without throwing or overflowing.
*
* Instead of throwing {@link ArithmeticException}, this method silently saturates to either
* {@link Long#MAX_VALUE} or {@link Long#MIN_VALUE}. This behavior can be useful when decomposing
* a duration in order to call a legacy API which requires a {@code long, TimeUnit} pair.
*/
@GwtIncompatible // java.time.Duration
@SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // duration decomposition
private static long toNanosSaturated(java.time.Duration duration) {
// Using a try/catch seems lazy, but the catch block will rarely get invoked (except for
// durations longer than approximately +/- 292 years).
try {
return duration.toNanos();
} catch (ArithmeticException tooBig) {
return duration.isNegative() ? Long.MIN_VALUE : Long.MAX_VALUE;
}
}
}
