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/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Guava Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.collect;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.collect.CollectPreconditions.checkNonnegative;

import com.google.common.annotations.Beta;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.math.IntMath;
import com.google.common.primitives.Ints;



import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import java.util.Spliterator;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.stream.Collector;


/**
 * A {@link Set} whose contents will never change, with many other important properties detailed at
 * {@link ImmutableCollection}.
 *
 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible(serializable = true, emulated = true)
@SuppressWarnings("serial") // we're overriding default serialization
public abstract class ImmutableSet extends ImmutableCollection implements Set {
  static final int SPLITERATOR_CHARACTERISTICS =
      ImmutableCollection.SPLITERATOR_CHARACTERISTICS | Spliterator.DISTINCT;

  /**
   * Returns a {@code Collector} that accumulates the input elements into a new {@code
   * ImmutableSet}. Elements appear in the resulting set in the encounter order of the stream; if
   * the stream contains duplicates (according to {@link Object#equals(Object)}), only the first
   * duplicate in encounter order will appear in the result.
   *
   * @since 21.0
   */
  public static  Collector> toImmutableSet() {
    return CollectCollectors.toImmutableSet();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the empty immutable set. Preferred over {@link Collections#emptySet} for code
   * consistency, and because the return type conveys the immutability guarantee.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked"}) // fully variant implementation (never actually produces any Es)
  public static  ImmutableSet of() {
    return (ImmutableSet) RegularImmutableSet.EMPTY;
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing {@code element}. Preferred over {@link
   * Collections#singleton} for code consistency, {@code null} rejection, and because the return
   * type conveys the immutability guarantee.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E element) {
    return new SingletonImmutableSet(element);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2) {
    return construct(2, 2, e1, e2);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2, E e3) {
    return construct(3, 3, e1, e2, e3);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4) {
    return construct(4, 4, e1, e2, e3, e4);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5) {
    return construct(5, 5, e1, e2, e3, e4, e5);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   *
   * 

The array {@code others} must not be longer than {@code Integer.MAX_VALUE - 6}. * * @since 3.0 (source-compatible since 2.0) */ @SafeVarargs // For Eclipse. For internal javac we have disabled this pointless type of warning. public static ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E... others) { checkArgument( others.length <= Integer.MAX_VALUE - 6, "the total number of elements must fit in an int"); final int paramCount = 6; Object[] elements = new Object[paramCount + others.length]; elements[0] = e1; elements[1] = e2; elements[2] = e3; elements[3] = e4; elements[4] = e5; elements[5] = e6; System.arraycopy(others, 0, elements, paramCount, others.length); return construct(elements.length, elements.length, elements); } /** * Constructs an {@code ImmutableSet} from the first {@code n} elements of the specified array, * which we have no particular reason to believe does or does not contain duplicates. If {@code k} * is the size of the returned {@code ImmutableSet}, then the unique elements of {@code elements} * will be in the first {@code k} positions, and {@code elements[i] == null} for {@code k <= i < * n}. * *

This may modify {@code elements}. Additionally, if {@code n == elements.length} and {@code * elements} contains no duplicates, {@code elements} may be used without copying in the returned * {@code ImmutableSet}, in which case the caller must not modify it. * *

{@code elements} may contain only values of type {@code E}. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of the first {@code n} elements of {@code elements} is null */ private static ImmutableSet constructUnknownDuplication(int n, Object... elements) { // Guess the size is "halfway between" all duplicates and no duplicates, on a log scale. return construct( n, Math.max( ImmutableCollection.Builder.DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, IntMath.sqrt(n, RoundingMode.CEILING)), elements); } /** * Constructs an {@code ImmutableSet} from the first {@code n} elements of the specified array. If * {@code k} is the size of the returned {@code ImmutableSet}, then the unique elements of {@code * elements} will be in the first {@code k} positions, and {@code elements[i] == null} for {@code * k <= i < n}. * *

This may modify {@code elements}. Additionally, if {@code n == elements.length} and {@code * elements} contains no duplicates, {@code elements} may be used without copying in the returned * {@code ImmutableSet}, in which case it may no longer be modified. * *

{@code elements} may contain only values of type {@code E}. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of the first {@code n} elements of {@code elements} is null */ private static ImmutableSet construct(int n, int expectedSize, Object... elements) { switch (n) { case 0: return of(); case 1: @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // safe; elements contains only E's E elem = (E) elements[0]; return of(elem); default: SetBuilderImpl builder = new RegularSetBuilderImpl(expectedSize); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E) checkNotNull(elements[i]); builder = builder.add(e); } return builder.review().build(); } } /** * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order * each appears first in the source collection. * *

Performance note: This method will sometimes recognize that the actual copy operation * is unnecessary; for example, {@code copyOf(copyOf(anArrayList))} will copy the data only once. * This reduces the expense of habitually making defensive copies at API boundaries. However, the * precise conditions for skipping the copy operation are undefined. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null * @since 7.0 (source-compatible since 2.0) */ public static ImmutableSet copyOf(Collection elements) { /* * TODO(lowasser): consider checking for ImmutableAsList here * TODO(lowasser): consider checking for Multiset here */ // Don't refer to ImmutableSortedSet by name so it won't pull in all that code if (elements instanceof ImmutableSet && !(elements instanceof SortedSet)) { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // all supported methods are covariant ImmutableSet set = (ImmutableSet) elements; if (!set.isPartialView()) { return set; } } else if (elements instanceof EnumSet) { return copyOfEnumSet((EnumSet) elements); } Object[] array = elements.toArray(); if (elements instanceof Set) { // assume probably no duplicates (though it might be using different equality semantics) return construct(array.length, array.length, array); } else { return constructUnknownDuplication(array.length, array); } } /** * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order * each appears first in the source iterable. This method iterates over {@code elements} only * once. * *

Performance note: This method will sometimes recognize that the actual copy operation * is unnecessary; for example, {@code copyOf(copyOf(anArrayList))} should copy the data only * once. This reduces the expense of habitually making defensive copies at API boundaries. * However, the precise conditions for skipping the copy operation are undefined. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null */ public static ImmutableSet copyOf(Iterable elements) { return (elements instanceof Collection) ? copyOf((Collection) elements) : copyOf(elements.iterator()); } /** * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order * each appears first in the source iterator. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null */ public static ImmutableSet copyOf(Iterator elements) { // We special-case for 0 or 1 elements, but anything further is madness. if (!elements.hasNext()) { return of(); } E first = elements.next(); if (!elements.hasNext()) { return of(first); } else { return new ImmutableSet.Builder().add(first).addAll(elements).build(); } } /** * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order * each appears first in the source array. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null * @since 3.0 */ public static ImmutableSet copyOf(E[] elements) { switch (elements.length) { case 0: return of(); case 1: return of(elements[0]); default: return constructUnknownDuplication(elements.length, elements.clone()); } } @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") // necessary to compile against Java 8 private static ImmutableSet copyOfEnumSet(EnumSet enumSet) { return ImmutableEnumSet.asImmutable(EnumSet.copyOf(enumSet)); } ImmutableSet() {} /** Returns {@code true} if the {@code hashCode()} method runs quickly. */ boolean isHashCodeFast() { return false; } @Override public boolean equals(Object object) { if (object == this) { return true; } else if (object instanceof ImmutableSet && isHashCodeFast() && ((ImmutableSet) object).isHashCodeFast() && hashCode() != object.hashCode()) { return false; } return Sets.equalsImpl(this, object); } @Override public int hashCode() { return Sets.hashCodeImpl(this); } // This declaration is needed to make Set.iterator() and // ImmutableCollection.iterator() consistent. @Override public abstract UnmodifiableIterator iterator(); private transient ImmutableList asList; @Override public ImmutableList asList() { ImmutableList result = asList; return (result == null) ? asList = createAsList() : result; } ImmutableList createAsList() { return new RegularImmutableAsList(this, toArray()); } abstract static class Indexed extends ImmutableSet { abstract E get(int index); @Override public UnmodifiableIterator iterator() { return asList().iterator(); } @Override public Spliterator spliterator() { return CollectSpliterators.indexed(size(), SPLITERATOR_CHARACTERISTICS, this::get); } @Override public void forEach(Consumer consumer) { checkNotNull(consumer); int n = size(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { consumer.accept(get(i)); } } @Override int copyIntoArray(Object[] dst, int offset) { return asList().copyIntoArray(dst, offset); } @Override ImmutableList createAsList() { return new ImmutableAsList() { @Override public E get(int index) { return Indexed.this.get(index); } @Override Indexed delegateCollection() { return Indexed.this; } }; } } /* * This class is used to serialize all ImmutableSet instances, except for * ImmutableEnumSet/ImmutableSortedSet, regardless of implementation type. It * captures their "logical contents" and they are reconstructed using public * static factories. This is necessary to ensure that the existence of a * particular implementation type is an implementation detail. */ private static class SerializedForm implements Serializable { final Object[] elements; SerializedForm(Object[] elements) { this.elements = elements; } Object readResolve() { return copyOf(elements); } private static final long serialVersionUID = 0; } @Override Object writeReplace() { return new SerializedForm(toArray()); } /** * Returns a new builder. The generated builder is equivalent to the builder created by the {@link * Builder} constructor. */ public static Builder builder() { return new Builder(); } /** * Returns a new builder, expecting the specified number of distinct elements to be added. * *

If {@code expectedSize} is exactly the number of distinct elements added to the builder * before {@link Builder#build} is called, the builder is likely to perform better than an unsized * {@link #builder()} would have. * *

It is not specified if any performance benefits apply if {@code expectedSize} is close to, * but not exactly, the number of distinct elements added to the builder. * * @since 23.1 */ @Beta public static Builder builderWithExpectedSize(int expectedSize) { checkNonnegative(expectedSize, "expectedSize"); return new Builder(expectedSize); } /** Builds a new open-addressed hash table from the first n objects in elements. */ static Object[] rebuildHashTable(int newTableSize, Object[] elements, int n) { Object[] hashTable = new Object[newTableSize]; int mask = hashTable.length - 1; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { Object e = elements[i]; int j0 = Hashing.smear(e.hashCode()); for (int j = j0; ; j++) { int index = j & mask; if (hashTable[index] == null) { hashTable[index] = e; break; } } } return hashTable; } /** * A builder for creating {@code ImmutableSet} instances. Example: * *

{@code
   * static final ImmutableSet GOOGLE_COLORS =
   *     ImmutableSet.builder()
   *         .addAll(WEBSAFE_COLORS)
   *         .add(new Color(0, 191, 255))
   *         .build();
   * }
* *

Elements appear in the resulting set in the same order they were first added to the builder. * *

Building does not change the state of the builder, so it is still possible to add more * elements and to build again. * * @since 2.0 */ public static class Builder extends ImmutableCollection.Builder { private SetBuilderImpl impl; boolean forceCopy; public Builder() { this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY); } Builder(int capacity) { impl = new RegularSetBuilderImpl(capacity); } Builder(@SuppressWarnings("unused") boolean subclass) { this.impl = null; // unused } @VisibleForTesting void forceJdk() { this.impl = new JdkBackedSetBuilderImpl(impl); } final void copyIfNecessary() { if (forceCopy) { copy(); forceCopy = false; } } void copy() { impl = impl.copy(); } @Override public Builder add(E element) { checkNotNull(element); copyIfNecessary(); impl = impl.add(element); return this; } @Override public Builder add(E... elements) { super.add(elements); return this; } @Override /** * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableSet}, ignoring duplicate * elements (only the first duplicate element is added). * * @param elements the elements to add * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} is null or contains a null element */ public Builder addAll(Iterable elements) { super.addAll(elements); return this; } @Override public Builder addAll(Iterator elements) { super.addAll(elements); return this; } Builder combine(Builder other) { copyIfNecessary(); this.impl = this.impl.combine(other.impl); return this; } @Override public ImmutableSet build() { forceCopy = true; impl = impl.review(); return impl.build(); } } /** Swappable internal implementation of an ImmutableSet.Builder. */ private abstract static class SetBuilderImpl { E[] dedupedElements; int distinct; @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") SetBuilderImpl(int expectedCapacity) { this.dedupedElements = (E[]) new Object[expectedCapacity]; this.distinct = 0; } /** Initializes this SetBuilderImpl with a copy of the deduped elements array from toCopy. */ SetBuilderImpl(SetBuilderImpl toCopy) { this.dedupedElements = Arrays.copyOf(toCopy.dedupedElements, toCopy.dedupedElements.length); this.distinct = toCopy.distinct; } /** * Resizes internal data structures if necessary to store the specified number of distinct * elements. */ private void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) { if (minCapacity > dedupedElements.length) { int newCapacity = ImmutableCollection.Builder.expandedCapacity(dedupedElements.length, minCapacity); dedupedElements = Arrays.copyOf(dedupedElements, newCapacity); } } /** Adds e to the insertion-order array of deduplicated elements. Calls ensureCapacity. */ final void addDedupedElement(E e) { ensureCapacity(distinct + 1); dedupedElements[distinct++] = e; } /** * Adds e to this SetBuilderImpl, returning the updated result. Only use the returned * SetBuilderImpl, since we may switch implementations if e.g. hash flooding is detected. */ abstract SetBuilderImpl add(E e); /** Adds all the elements from the specified SetBuilderImpl to this SetBuilderImpl. */ final SetBuilderImpl combine(SetBuilderImpl other) { SetBuilderImpl result = this; for (int i = 0; i < other.distinct; i++) { result = result.add(other.dedupedElements[i]); } return result; } /** * Creates a new copy of this SetBuilderImpl. Modifications to that SetBuilderImpl will not * affect this SetBuilderImpl or sets constructed from this SetBuilderImpl via build(). */ abstract SetBuilderImpl copy(); /** * Call this before build(). Does a final check on the internal data structures, e.g. shrinking * unnecessarily large structures or detecting previously unnoticed hash flooding. */ SetBuilderImpl review() { return this; } abstract ImmutableSet build(); } // We use power-of-2 tables, and this is the highest int that's a power of 2 static final int MAX_TABLE_SIZE = Ints.MAX_POWER_OF_TWO; // Represents how tightly we can pack things, as a maximum. private static final double DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.7; // If the set has this many elements, it will "max out" the table size private static final int CUTOFF = (int) (MAX_TABLE_SIZE * DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR); /** * Returns an array size suitable for the backing array of a hash table that uses open addressing * with linear probing in its implementation. The returned size is the smallest power of two that * can hold setSize elements with the desired load factor. Always returns at least setSize + 2. */ @VisibleForTesting static int chooseTableSize(int setSize) { setSize = Math.max(setSize, 2); // Correct the size for open addressing to match desired load factor. if (setSize < CUTOFF) { // Round up to the next highest power of 2. int tableSize = Integer.highestOneBit(setSize - 1) << 1; while (tableSize * DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR < setSize) { tableSize <<= 1; } return tableSize; } // The table can't be completely full or we'll get infinite reprobes checkArgument(setSize < MAX_TABLE_SIZE, "collection too large"); return MAX_TABLE_SIZE; } /** * We attempt to detect deliberate hash flooding attempts, and if one is detected, fall back to a * wrapper around j.u.HashSet, which has built in flooding protection. HASH_FLOODING_FPP is the * maximum allowed probability of falsely detecting a hash flooding attack if the input is * randomly generated. * *

MAX_RUN_MULTIPLIER was determined experimentally to match this FPP. */ static final double HASH_FLOODING_FPP = 0.001; // NB: yes, this is surprisingly high, but that's what the experiments said was necessary // The higher it is, the worse constant factors we are willing to accept. static final int MAX_RUN_MULTIPLIER = 13; /** * Checks the whole hash table for poor hash distribution. Takes O(n) in the worst case, O(n / log * n) on average. * *

The online hash flooding detecting in RegularSetBuilderImpl.add can detect e.g. many exactly * matching hash codes, which would cause construction to take O(n^2), but can't detect e.g. hash * codes adversarially designed to go into ascending table locations, which keeps construction * O(n) (as desired) but then can have O(n) queries later. * *

If this returns false, then no query can take more than O(log n). * *

Note that for a RegularImmutableSet with elements with truly random hash codes, contains * operations take expected O(1) time but with high probability take O(log n) for at least some * element. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_probing#Analysis) * *

This method may return {@code true} up to {@link #HASH_FLOODING_FPP} of the time even on * truly random input. * *

If this method returns false, there are definitely no runs of length at least {@code * maxRunBeforeFallback(hashTable.length)} nonnull elements. If there are no runs of length at * least {@code maxRunBeforeFallback(hashTable.length) / 2} nonnull elements, this method * definitely returns false. In between those constraints, the result of this method is undefined, * subject to the above {@link #HASH_FLOODING_FPP} constraint. */ static boolean hashFloodingDetected(Object[] hashTable) { int maxRunBeforeFallback = maxRunBeforeFallback(hashTable.length); // Test for a run wrapping around the end of the table of length at least maxRunBeforeFallback. int endOfStartRun; for (endOfStartRun = 0; endOfStartRun < hashTable.length; ) { if (hashTable[endOfStartRun] == null) { break; } endOfStartRun++; if (endOfStartRun > maxRunBeforeFallback) { return true; } } int startOfEndRun; for (startOfEndRun = hashTable.length - 1; startOfEndRun > endOfStartRun; startOfEndRun--) { if (hashTable[startOfEndRun] == null) { break; } if (endOfStartRun + (hashTable.length - 1 - startOfEndRun) > maxRunBeforeFallback) { return true; } } // Now, break the remainder of the table into blocks of maxRunBeforeFallback/2 elements and // check that each has at least one null. int testBlockSize = maxRunBeforeFallback / 2; blockLoop: for (int i = endOfStartRun + 1; i + testBlockSize <= startOfEndRun; i += testBlockSize) { for (int j = 0; j < testBlockSize; j++) { if (hashTable[i + j] == null) { continue blockLoop; } } return true; } return false; } /** * If more than this many consecutive positions are filled in a table of the specified size, * report probable hash flooding. ({@link #hashFloodingDetected} may also report hash flooding if * fewer consecutive positions are filled; see that method for details.) */ private static int maxRunBeforeFallback(int tableSize) { return MAX_RUN_MULTIPLIER * IntMath.log2(tableSize, RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY); } /** * Default implementation of the guts of ImmutableSet.Builder, creating an open-addressed hash * table and deduplicating elements as they come, so it only allocates O(max(distinct, * expectedCapacity)) rather than O(calls to add). * *

This implementation attempts to detect hash flooding, and if it's identified, falls back to * JdkBackedSetBuilderImpl. */ private static final class RegularSetBuilderImpl extends SetBuilderImpl { private Object[] hashTable; private int maxRunBeforeFallback; private int expandTableThreshold; private int hashCode; RegularSetBuilderImpl(int expectedCapacity) { super(expectedCapacity); int tableSize = chooseTableSize(expectedCapacity); this.hashTable = new Object[tableSize]; this.maxRunBeforeFallback = maxRunBeforeFallback(tableSize); this.expandTableThreshold = (int) (DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR * tableSize); } RegularSetBuilderImpl(RegularSetBuilderImpl toCopy) { super(toCopy); this.hashTable = Arrays.copyOf(toCopy.hashTable, toCopy.hashTable.length); this.maxRunBeforeFallback = toCopy.maxRunBeforeFallback; this.expandTableThreshold = toCopy.expandTableThreshold; this.hashCode = toCopy.hashCode; } void ensureTableCapacity(int minCapacity) { if (minCapacity > expandTableThreshold && hashTable.length < MAX_TABLE_SIZE) { int newTableSize = hashTable.length * 2; hashTable = rebuildHashTable(newTableSize, dedupedElements, distinct); maxRunBeforeFallback = maxRunBeforeFallback(newTableSize); expandTableThreshold = (int) (DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR * newTableSize); } } @Override SetBuilderImpl add(E e) { checkNotNull(e); int eHash = e.hashCode(); int i0 = Hashing.smear(eHash); int mask = hashTable.length - 1; for (int i = i0; i - i0 < maxRunBeforeFallback; i++) { int index = i & mask; Object tableEntry = hashTable[index]; if (tableEntry == null) { addDedupedElement(e); hashTable[index] = e; hashCode += eHash; ensureTableCapacity(distinct); // rebuilds table if necessary return this; } else if (tableEntry.equals(e)) { // not a new element, ignore return this; } } // we fell out of the loop due to a long run; fall back to JDK impl return new JdkBackedSetBuilderImpl(this).add(e); } @Override SetBuilderImpl copy() { return new RegularSetBuilderImpl(this); } @Override SetBuilderImpl review() { int targetTableSize = chooseTableSize(distinct); if (targetTableSize * 2 < hashTable.length) { hashTable = rebuildHashTable(targetTableSize, dedupedElements, distinct); maxRunBeforeFallback = maxRunBeforeFallback(targetTableSize); expandTableThreshold = (int) (DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR * targetTableSize); } return hashFloodingDetected(hashTable) ? new JdkBackedSetBuilderImpl(this) : this; } @Override ImmutableSet build() { switch (distinct) { case 0: return of(); case 1: return of(dedupedElements[0]); default: Object[] elements = (distinct == dedupedElements.length) ? dedupedElements : Arrays.copyOf(dedupedElements, distinct); return new RegularImmutableSet(elements, hashCode, hashTable, hashTable.length - 1); } } } /** * SetBuilderImpl version that uses a JDK HashSet, which has built in hash flooding protection. */ private static final class JdkBackedSetBuilderImpl extends SetBuilderImpl { private final Set delegate; JdkBackedSetBuilderImpl(SetBuilderImpl toCopy) { super(toCopy); // initializes dedupedElements and distinct delegate = Sets.newHashSetWithExpectedSize(distinct); for (int i = 0; i < distinct; i++) { delegate.add(dedupedElements[i]); } } @Override SetBuilderImpl add(E e) { checkNotNull(e); if (delegate.add(e)) { addDedupedElement(e); } return this; } @Override SetBuilderImpl copy() { return new JdkBackedSetBuilderImpl<>(this); } @Override ImmutableSet build() { switch (distinct) { case 0: return of(); case 1: return of(dedupedElements[0]); default: return new JdkBackedImmutableSet( delegate, ImmutableList.asImmutableList(dedupedElements, distinct)); } } } }