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Java API for Natural Language Generation
/*
* The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License
* Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
* compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
* http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
*
* Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
* basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
* License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
* under the License.
*
* The Original Code is "Simplenlg".
*
* The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Ehud Reiter, Albert Gatt and Dave Westwater.
* Portions created by Ehud Reiter, Albert Gatt and Dave Westwater are Copyright (C) 2010-11 The University of Aberdeen. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Contributor(s): Ehud Reiter, Albert Gatt, Dave Wewstwater, Roman Kutlak, Margaret Mitchell.
*/
package simplenlg.aggregation;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import simplenlg.features.DiscourseFunction;
import simplenlg.features.Feature;
import simplenlg.features.InternalFeature;
import simplenlg.features.LexicalFeature;
import simplenlg.framework.NLGElement;
import simplenlg.phrasespec.SPhraseSpec;
/**
* This class contains a number of utility methods for checking and collecting
* sentence components during the process of aggregation.
*
* @author agatt
*
*/
public abstract class PhraseChecker {
/**
* Check that the sentences supplied are identical
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if for every pair of sentences s1
* and s2, s1.equals(s2).
*/
public static boolean sameSentences(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean equal = false;
if (sentences.length >= 2) {
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length; i++) {
equal = sentences[i - 1].equals(sentences[i]);
}
}
return equal;
}
/**
* Check whether these sentences have expletive subjects (there, it etc)
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if all the sentences have expletive subjects
*/
public static boolean expletiveSubjects(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean expl = true;
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && expl; i++) {
expl = (sentences[i] instanceof SPhraseSpec ? ((SPhraseSpec) sentences[i])
.getFeatureAsBoolean(LexicalFeature.EXPLETIVE_SUBJECT)
: false);
}
return expl;
}
/**
* Check that the sentences supplied have identical front modifiers
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if for every pair of sentences s1
* and s2,
* s1.getFrontModifiers().equals(s2.getFrontModifiers())
* .
*/
public static boolean sameFrontMods(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean equal = true;
if (sentences.length >= 2) {
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && equal; i++) {
if (!sentences[i - 1].hasFeature(Feature.CUE_PHRASE)
&& !sentences[i].hasFeature(Feature.CUE_PHRASE)) {
equal = sentences[i - 1]
.getFeatureAsElementList(
InternalFeature.FRONT_MODIFIERS)
.equals(
sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.FRONT_MODIFIERS));
} else if (sentences[i - 1].hasFeature(Feature.CUE_PHRASE)
&& sentences[i].hasFeature(Feature.CUE_PHRASE)) {
equal = sentences[i - 1]
.getFeatureAsElementList(
InternalFeature.FRONT_MODIFIERS)
.equals(
sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.FRONT_MODIFIERS))
&& sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElementList(Feature.CUE_PHRASE)
.equals(
sentences[i - 1]
.getFeatureAsElementList(Feature.CUE_PHRASE));
} else {
equal = false;
}
}
}
return equal;
}
/**
* Check that some phrases have the same postmodifiers
*
* @param sentences
* the phrases
* @return true if they have the same postmodifiers
*/
public static boolean samePostMods(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean equal = true;
if (sentences.length >= 2) {
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && equal; i++) {
equal = sentences[i - 1]
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.POSTMODIFIERS)
.equals(
sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.POSTMODIFIERS));
}
}
return equal;
}
/**
* Check that the sentences supplied have identical subjects
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if for every pair of sentences s1
* and s2
* s1.getSubjects().equals(s2.getSubjects()).
*/
public static boolean sameSubjects(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean equal = sentences.length >= 2;
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && equal; i++) {
equal = sentences[i - 1].getFeatureAsElementList(
InternalFeature.SUBJECTS).equals(
sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.SUBJECTS));
}
return equal;
}
// /**
// * Check that the sentences have the same complemts raised to subject
// * position in the passive
// *
// * @param sentences
// * the sentences
// * @return true if the passive raising complements are the
// same
// */
// public static boolean samePassiveRaisingSubjects(SPhraseSpec...
// sentences) {
// boolean samePassiveSubjects = sentences.length >= 2;
//
// for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && samePassiveSubjects; i++) {
// VPPhraseSpec vp1 = (VPPhraseSpec) sentences[i - 1].getVerbPhrase();
// VPPhraseSpec vp2 = (VPPhraseSpec) sentences[i].getVerbPhrase();
// samePassiveSubjects = vp1.getPassiveRaisingComplements().equals(
// vp2.getPassiveRaisingComplements());
//
// }
//
// return samePassiveSubjects;
// }
/**
* Check whether all sentences are passive
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if for every sentence s,
* s.isPassive() == true.
*/
public static boolean allPassive(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean passive = true;
for (int i = 0; i < sentences.length && passive; i++) {
passive = sentences[i].getFeatureAsBoolean(Feature.PASSIVE);
}
return passive;
}
/**
* Check whether all sentences are active
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if for every sentence s,
* s.isPassive() == false.
*/
public static boolean allActive(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean active = true;
for (int i = 0; i < sentences.length && active; i++) {
active = !sentences[i].getFeatureAsBoolean(Feature.PASSIVE);
}
return active;
}
/**
* Check whether the sentences have the same surface subjects, that
* is, they are either all active and have the same subjects, or all passive
* and have the same passive raising subjects.
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if the sentences have the same surface subjects
*/
public static boolean sameSurfaceSubjects(NLGElement... sentences) {
return PhraseChecker.allActive(sentences)
&& PhraseChecker.sameSubjects(sentences)
|| PhraseChecker.allPassive(sentences);
// && PhraseChecker.samePassiveRaisingSubjects(sentences);
}
/**
* Check that a list of sentences have the same verb
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if for every pair of sentences s1
* and s2
* s1.getVerbPhrase().getHead().equals(s2.getVerbPhrase().getHead())
*/
public static boolean sameVPHead(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean equal = sentences.length >= 2;
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && equal; i++) {
NLGElement vp1 = sentences[i - 1]
.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE);
NLGElement vp2 = sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE);
if (vp1 != null && vp2 != null) {
NLGElement h1 = vp1.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.HEAD);
NLGElement h2 = vp2.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.HEAD);
equal = h1 != null && h2 != null ? h1.equals(h2) : false;
} else {
equal = false;
}
}
return equal;
}
/**
* Check that the sentences supplied are either all active or all passive.
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if the sentences have the same voice
*/
public static boolean haveSameVoice(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean samePassive = true;
boolean prevIsPassive = false;
if (sentences.length > 1) {
prevIsPassive = sentences[0].getFeatureAsBoolean(Feature.PASSIVE);
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && samePassive; i++) {
samePassive = sentences[i].getFeatureAsBoolean(Feature.PASSIVE) == prevIsPassive;
}
}
return samePassive;
}
// /**
// * Check that the sentences supplied are not existential sentences (i.e.
// of
// * the form there be...)
// *
// * @param sentences
// * the sentences
// * @return true if none of the sentences is existential
// */
// public static boolean areNotExistential(SPhraseSpec... sentences) {
// boolean notex = true;
//
// for (int i = 0; i < sentences.length && notex; i++) {
// notex = !sentences[i].isExistential();
// }
//
// return notex;
// }
/**
* Check that the sentences supplied have identical verb phrases
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if for every pair of sentences s1
* and s2,
* s1.getVerbPhrase().equals(s2.getVerbPhrase()).
*/
public static boolean sameVP(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean equal = sentences.length >= 2;
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && equal; i++) {
equal = sentences[i - 1].getFeatureAsElement(
InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE).equals(
sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE));
}
return equal;
}
/**
* Check that the sentences supplied have the same complements at VP level.
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if for every pair of sentences s1
* and s2, their VPs have the same pre- and
* post-modifiers and complements.
*/
public static boolean sameVPArgs(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean equal = sentences.length >= 2;
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && equal; i++) {
NLGElement vp1 = sentences[i - 1]
.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE);
NLGElement vp2 = sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE);
equal = vp1
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.COMPLEMENTS)
.equals(
vp2
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.COMPLEMENTS));
}
return equal;
}
/**
* check that the phrases supplied are sentences and have the same VP
* premodifiers and postmodifiers
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if all pairs of sentences have VPs with the
* same pre and postmodifiers
*/
public static boolean sameVPModifiers(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean equal = sentences.length >= 2;
for (int i = 1; i < sentences.length && equal; i++) {
NLGElement vp1 = sentences[i - 1]
.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE);
NLGElement vp2 = sentences[i]
.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE);
equal = vp1
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.POSTMODIFIERS)
.equals(
vp2
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.POSTMODIFIERS))
&& vp1
.getFeatureAsElementList(
InternalFeature.PREMODIFIERS)
.equals(
vp2
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.PREMODIFIERS));
}
return equal;
}
/**
* Collect a list of pairs of constituents with the same syntactic function
* from the left periphery of two sentences. The left periphery encompasses
* the subjects, front modifiers and cue phrases of the sentences.
*
* @param sentences
* the list of sentences
* @return a list of pairs of constituents with the same function, if any
* are found
*/
public static List leftPeriphery(NLGElement... sentences) {
List funcsets = new ArrayList();
PhraseSet cue = new PhraseSet(DiscourseFunction.CUE_PHRASE);
PhraseSet front = new PhraseSet(DiscourseFunction.FRONT_MODIFIER);
PhraseSet subj = new PhraseSet(DiscourseFunction.SUBJECT);
for (NLGElement s : sentences) {
if (s.hasFeature(Feature.CUE_PHRASE)) {
cue.addPhrases(s.getFeatureAsElementList(Feature.CUE_PHRASE));
}
if (s.hasFeature(InternalFeature.FRONT_MODIFIERS)) {
front
.addPhrases(s
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.FRONT_MODIFIERS));
}
if (s.hasFeature(InternalFeature.SUBJECTS)) {
subj.addPhrases(s
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.SUBJECTS));
}
}
funcsets.add(cue);
funcsets.add(front);
funcsets.add(subj);
return funcsets;
}
/**
* Collect a list of pairs of constituents with the same syntactic function
* from the right periphery of two sentences. The right periphery
* encompasses the complements of the main verb, and its postmodifiers.
*
* @param sentences
* the list of sentences
* @return a list of pairs of constituents with the same function, if any
* are found
*/
public static List rightPeriphery(NLGElement... sentences) {
List funcsets = new ArrayList();
PhraseSet comps = new PhraseSet(DiscourseFunction.OBJECT);
// new PhraseSet(DiscourseFunction.INDIRECT_OBJECT);
PhraseSet pmods = new PhraseSet(DiscourseFunction.POST_MODIFIER);
for (NLGElement s : sentences) {
NLGElement vp = s.getFeatureAsElement(InternalFeature.VERB_PHRASE);
if (vp != null) {
if (vp.hasFeature(InternalFeature.COMPLEMENTS)) {
comps
.addPhrases(vp
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.COMPLEMENTS));
}
if (vp.hasFeature(InternalFeature.POSTMODIFIERS)) {
pmods
.addPhrases(vp
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.POSTMODIFIERS));
}
}
if (s.hasFeature(InternalFeature.POSTMODIFIERS)) {
pmods
.addPhrases(s
.getFeatureAsElementList(InternalFeature.POSTMODIFIERS));
}
}
funcsets.add(comps);
funcsets.add(pmods);
return funcsets;
}
/**
* Check that no element of a give array of sentences is passive.
*
* @param sentences
* the sentences
* @return true if none of the sentences is passive
*/
public static boolean nonePassive(NLGElement... sentences) {
boolean nopass = true;
for (int i = 0; i < sentences.length && nopass; i++) {
nopass = !sentences[i].getFeatureAsBoolean(Feature.PASSIVE);
}
return nopass;
}
}