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Races the cross validation error of competing attribute subsets. Use in conjuction with a ClassifierSubsetEval. RaceSearch has four modes: forward selection races all single attribute additions to a base set (initially no attributes), selects the winner to become the new base set and then iterates until there is no improvement over the base set. Backward elimination is similar but the initial base set has all attributes included and races all single attribute deletions. Schemata search is a bit different. Each iteration a series of races are run in parallel. Each race in a set determines whether a particular attribute should be included or not---ie the race is between the attribute being "in" or "out". The other attributes for this race are included or excluded randomly at each point in the evaluation. As soon as one race has a clear winner (ie it has been decided whether a particular attribute should be inor not) then the next set of races begins, using the result of the winning race from the previous iteration as new base set. Rank race first ranks the attributes using an attribute evaluator and then races the ranking. The race includes no attributes, the top ranked attribute, the top two attributes, the top three attributes, etc. It is also possible to generate a raked list of attributes through the forward racing process. If generateRanking is set to true then a complete forward race will be run---that is, racing continues until all attributes have been selected. The order that they are added in determines a complete ranking of all the attributes. Racing uses paired and unpaired t-tests on cross-validation errors of competing subsets. When there is a significant difference between the means of the errors of two competing subsets then the poorer of the two can be eliminated from the race. Similarly, if there is no significant difference between the mean errors of two competing subsets and they are within some threshold of each other, then one can be eliminated from the race.

The Source Analyst library is a powerful tool designed to streamline and expedite the tracking of traffic sources for mobile applications. This versatile library is aptly named "Source Analyst" and is an invaluable asset for app developers and marketers seeking to gain deeper insights into the performance of their advertising campaigns. With just one simple function call, Source Analyst empowers you to efficiently investigate the effectiveness of various advertising sources. Key Features: Effortless Tracking: Source Analyst simplifies the complex task of tracking the origins of traffic for your mobile app. No need for convoluted setups or extensive coding – one function is all it takes. Comprehensive Insights: Gain a comprehensive understanding of where your app's users are coming from. Whether it's through social media, search engines, referral links, or other channels, Source Analyst provides you with clear data on traffic sources. Performance Evaluation: Evaluate the performance of your advertising campaigns with precision. Discover which sources are driving the most valuable users to your app, helping you optimize your marketing efforts effectively. Time-Saving: Say goodbye to hours spent on manual data collection and analysis. Source Analyst automates the tracking process, freeing up your time to focus on making data-driven decisions. Customization: Tailor Source Analyst to your specific needs. Customize the library to track the metrics that matter most to your app's success. Real-time Data: Access real-time data, ensuring that you always have up-to-date insights into your traffic sources. Integration-Friendly: Seamlessly integrate Source Analyst into your existing mobile app infrastructure, whether you're developing for Android or iOS. User-Friendly: Source Analyst is designed with user-friendliness in mind. Its intuitive interface and straightforward documentation make it accessible to developers of all levels of expertise. How It Works: Using Source Analyst is as easy as calling a single function within your code. Simply integrate the library into your app, and you can begin tracking traffic sources immediately. From there, Source Analyst compiles and presents the data in a clear and organized manner, allowing you to make data-driven decisions with ease. In a world where understanding the origins of your app's traffic is essential for marketing success, Source Analyst is the go-to solution. Say goodbye to the complexity of tracking sources and embrace the simplicity and effectiveness of Source Analyst for your mobile app. Harness the power of Source Analyst and unlock a new level of insight into your app's performance today!

Alphatier is a resource management library. It is designed to allow different schedulers to share the resources of a pool of executors in order to execute tasks with those. Read the [detailed documentation](#io.alphatier.pools) below to get an in-depth understanding. ## License Copyright &copy; 2014 [Tobias Sarnowski](mailto:[email protected]), [Willi Schönborn](mailto:[email protected]) Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. ## Usage The library is written in [Clojure](http://clojure.org/) and is available in the [central Maven repository](https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/alphatier/alphatier/): <dependency> <groupId>io.alphatier</groupId> <artifactId>alphatier</artifactId> <version>0.3.0</version> </dependency> The library is written in pure Clojure without [ahead-of-time compilation](http://clojure.org/compilation). This means, that the library does not contain any *.class files. If you work with Clojure, this is not a problem but if you like to use the library from another JVM language (like Java, Scala or Groovy), you can use [Clojure's built-in tools](http://clojure.org/java_interop#Java%20Interop-Calling%20Clojure%20From%20Java) for interoperability or try our Java library: [https://github.com/sarnowski/alphatier-java](https://github.com/sarnowski/alphatier-java) ### Development If you like to change this library, please have a look at the [README](README.md). Development is done via [Github](https://github.com/sarnowski/alphatier).

Introducing "PerScope" Library: Simplifying Privacy Policy Event Handling for Android Apps "PerScope" is a cutting-edge library designed to streamline the processing of privacy policy events within regions where compliance with local legislation is crucial. Specifically crafted for Android applications, this library addresses the intricate task of managing privacy policy-related events while adhering to the legal requirements of the country in which the app is deployed. In today's digital landscape, ensuring user privacy and data protection is of paramount importance. Different countries have varying legal frameworks dictating how user data should be handled, necessitating robust mechanisms to accommodate these differences seamlessly. This is where the "PerScope" library shines. The key feature that sets "PerScope" apart is its incredible simplicity. With just a single function call, developers can integrate the library into their Android applications and gain immediate access to a comprehensive suite of tools for managing privacy policy events. Whether it's presenting privacy-related notifications, tracking user consents, or adapting the app's behavior based on regional requirements, "PerScope" handles it all efficiently and effectively. Here's a glimpse of what "PerScope" brings to the table: Localized Compliance: "PerScope" empowers developers to align their apps with the privacy laws of each region. By intelligently detecting the user's location, the library ensures that the app's behavior remains compliant with the specific privacy regulations of that area. Event Handling Made Easy: Instead of grappling with complex event management code, developers can integrate the "PerScope" function, drastically reducing development time and effort. The library takes care of the intricate event handling process seamlessly. Dynamic Adaptation: With the ability to dynamically adapt the app's features based on the user's consent and the local legal requirements, "PerScope" ensures a personalized and compliant user experience. Notification Presentation: "PerScope" assists in presenting privacy-related notifications to users, making it easier to inform them about data collection practices and obtain necessary consents. Smooth Integration: The library is designed to be easily integrated into existing Android applications, minimizing disruptions to the development process. In a nutshell, "PerScope" is a developer's go-to solution for managing privacy policy events within Android apps. Its single-function approach, combined with its capacity to handle a complex and critical aspect of app development, makes it an indispensable tool for app creators aiming to provide a user-centric, privacy-respecting experience while complying with regional legislation. Stay on the right side of the law and prioritize user privacy with the power of "PerScope."

pact-jvm-consumer-groovy ========================= Groovy DSL for Pact JVM ## Dependency The library is available on maven central using: * group-id = `au.com.dius` * artifact-id = `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11` * version-id = `2.4.x` or `3.2.x` ## Usage Add the `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy` library to your test class path. This provides a `PactBuilder` class for you to use to define your pacts. For a full example, have a look at the example JUnit `ExampleGroovyConsumerPactTest`. If you are using gradle for your build, add it to your `build.gradle`: dependencies { testCompile &apos;au.com.dius:pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11:3.2.14&apos; } Then create an instance of the `PactBuilder` in your test. ```groovy @Test void &quot;A service consumer side of a pact goes a little something like this&quot;() { def alice_service = new PactBuilder() // Create a new PactBuilder alice_service { serviceConsumer &quot;Consumer&quot; // Define the service consumer by name hasPactWith &quot;Alice Service&quot; // Define the service provider that it has a pact with port 1234 // The port number for the service. It is optional, leave it out to // to use a random one given(&apos;there is some good mallory&apos;) // defines a provider state. It is optional. uponReceiving(&apos;a retrieve Mallory request&apos;) // upon_receiving starts a new interaction withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) // define the request, a GET request to &apos;/mallory&apos; willRespondWith( // define the response we want returned status: 200, headers: [&apos;Content-Type&apos;: &apos;text/html&apos;], body: &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; ) } // Execute the run method to have the mock server run. // It takes a closure to execute your requests and returns a Pact VerificationResult. VerificationResult result = alice_service.run() { def client = new RESTClient(&apos;http://localhost:1234/&apos;) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) assert alice_response.status == 200 assert alice_response.contentType == &apos;text/html&apos; def data = alice_response.data.text() assert data == &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; } assert result == PactVerified$.MODULE$ // This means it is all good in weird Scala speak. } ``` After running this test, the following pact file is produced: { &quot;provider&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Alice Service&quot; }, &quot;consumer&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Consumer&quot; }, &quot;interactions&quot; : [ { &quot;provider_state&quot; : &quot;there is some good mallory&quot;, &quot;description&quot; : &quot;a retrieve Mallory request&quot;, &quot;request&quot; : { &quot;method&quot; : &quot;get&quot;, &quot;path&quot; : &quot;/mallory&quot;, &quot;requestMatchers&quot; : { } }, &quot;response&quot; : { &quot;status&quot; : 200, &quot;headers&quot; : { &quot;Content-Type&quot; : &quot;text/html&quot; }, &quot;body&quot; : &quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;, &quot;responseMatchers&quot; : { } } } ] } ### DSL Methods #### serviceConsumer(String consumer) This names the service consumer for the pact. #### hasPactWith(String provider) This names the service provider for the pact. #### port(int port) Sets the port that the mock server will run on. If not supplied, a random port will be used. #### given(String providerState) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states #### uponReceiving(String requestDescription) Starts the definition of a of a pact interaction. #### withAttributes(Map requestData) Defines the request for the interaction. The request data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | method | The HTTP method to use | get | | path | The Path for the request | / | | query | Query parameters as a Map&lt;String, List&gt; | | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the request headers | | | body | The body of the request. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies below | For the path, header attributes and query parameters (version 2.2.2+ for headers, 3.3.7+ for query parameters), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating requests. For example: ```groovy .withAttributes(path: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;) // This will generate a random path for requests // or .withAttributes(path: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)) ``` #### withBody(Closure closure) Constructs the body of the request or response by invoking the supplied closure in the context of a PactBodyBuilder. ##### Pretty Printed Bodies [Version 2.2.15+, 3.0.4+] An optional Map can be supplied to control how the body is generated. The option values are available: | Option | Description | |--------|-------------| | mimeType | The mime type of the body. Defaults to `application/json` | | prettyPrint | Boolean value controlling whether to pretty-print the body or not. Defaults to true | If the prettyPrint option is not specified, the bodies will be pretty printed unless the mime type corresponds to one that requires compact bodies. Currently only `application/x-thrift+json` is classed as requiring a compact body. For an example of turning off pretty printing: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody(prettyPrint: false) { name &apos;harry&apos; surname &apos;larry&apos; } } ``` #### willRespondWith(Map responseData) Defines the response for the interaction. The response data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | status | The HTTP status code to return | 200 | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the response headers | | | body | The body of the response. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies above | For the headers (version 2.2.2+), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating responses. For example: ```groovy .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;]) // This will generate a random location value // or .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)]) ``` #### VerificationResult run(Closure closure) The `run` method starts the mock server, and then executes the provided closure. It then returns the pact verification result for the pact run. If you require access to the mock server configuration for the URL, it is passed into the closure, e.g., ```groovy VerificationResult result = alice_service.run() { config -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(config.url()) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) } ``` ### Body DSL For building JSON bodies there is a `PactBodyBuilder` that provides as DSL that includes matching with regular expressions and by types. For a more complete example look at `PactBodyBuilderTest`. For an example: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody { name(~/\w+/, &apos;harry&apos;) surname regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;larry&apos;) position regexp(~/staff|contractor/, &apos;staff&apos;) happy(true) } } ``` This will return the following body: ```json { &quot;name&quot;: &quot;harry&quot;, &quot;surname&quot;: &quot;larry&quot;, &quot;position&quot;: &quot;staff&quot;, &quot;happy&quot;: true } ``` and add the following matchers: ```json { &quot;$.body.name&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.surname&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.position&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;staff|contractor&quot;} } ``` #### DSL Methods The DSL supports the following matching methods: * regexp(Pattern re, String value = null), regexp(String regexp, String value = null) Defines a regular expression matcher. If the value is not provided, a random one will be generated. * hexValue(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts hexidecimal values. If the value is not provided, a random hexidcimal value will be generated. * identifier(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts integer values. If the value is not provided, a random value will be generated. * ipAddress(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts IP addresses. If the value is not provided, a 127.0.0.1 will be used. * numeric(Number value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any numerical values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * integer(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any integer values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * real(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any real numbers. If the value is not provided, a random double will be used. * timestamp(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATETIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * time(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_TIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * date(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATE_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * uuid(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts UUIDs. A random one will be generated if no value is provided. #### What if a field matches a matcher name in the DSL? When using the body DSL, if there is a field that matches a matcher name (e.g. a field named &apos;date&apos;) then you can do the following: ```groovy withBody { date = date() } ``` ### Ensuring all items in a list match an example (2.2.0+) Lots of the time you might not know the number of items that will be in a list, but you want to ensure that the list has a minimum or maximum size and that each item in the list matches a given example. You can do this with the `eachLike`, `minLike` and `maxLike` functions. | function | description | |----------|-------------| | `eachLike()` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example | | `maxLike(integer max)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no bigger than the provided max | | `minLike(integer min)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no smaller than the provided min | For example: ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will ensure that the user list is never empty and that each user has an identifier that is a number and a name that is a string. __Version 3.2.4/2.4.6+__ You can specify the number of example items to generate in the array. The default is 1. ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1, 3) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will create an example user list with 3 users. __Version 3.2.13/2.4.14+__ The each like matchers have been updated to work with primitive types. ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, &apos;GRANT&apos;) } ``` will generate the following JSON ```json { &quot;permissions&quot;: [&quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;] } ``` and matchers ```json { &quot;$.body.permissions&quot;: {&quot;match&quot;: &quot;type&quot;} } ``` and now you can even get more fancy ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, regexp(~/\w+/)) permissions2 minLike(2, 3, integer()) permissions3 maxLike(4, 3, ~/\d+/) } ``` ### Matching any key in a map (3.3.1/2.5.0+) The DSL has been extended for cases where the keys in a map are IDs. For an example of this, see [#313](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/131). In this case you can use the `keyLike` method, which takes an example key as a parameter. For example: ```groovy withBody { example { one { keyLike &apos;001&apos;, &apos;value&apos; // key like an id mapped to a value } two { keyLike &apos;ABC001&apos;, regexp(&apos;\\w+&apos;) // key like an id mapped to a matcher } three { keyLike &apos;XYZ001&apos;, { // key like an id mapped to a closure id identifier() } } four { keyLike &apos;001XYZ&apos;, eachLike { // key like an id mapped to an array where each item is matched by the following id identifier() // example } } } } ``` For an example, have a look at [WildcardPactSpec](src/test/au/com/dius/pact/consumer/groovy/WildcardPactSpec.groovy). **NOTE:** The `keyLike` method adds a `*` to the matching path, so the matching definition will be applied to all keys of the map if there is not a more specific matcher defined for a particular key. Having more than one `keyLike` condition applied to a map will result in only one being applied when the pact is verified (probably the last). ## Changing the directory pact files are written to (2.1.9+) By default, pact files are written to `target/pacts`, but this can be overwritten with the `pact.rootDir` system property. This property needs to be set on the test JVM as most build tools will fork a new JVM to run the tests. For Gradle, add this to your build.gradle: ```groovy test { systemProperties[&apos;pact.rootDir&apos;] = &quot;$buildDir/pacts&quot; } ``` # Publishing your pact files to a pact broker If you use Gradle, you can use the [pact Gradle plugin](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/tree/master/pact-jvm-provider-gradle#publishing-pact-files-to-a-pact-broker) to publish your pact files. # Pact Specification V3 Version 3 of the pact specification changes the format of pact files in the following ways: * Query parameters are stored in a map form and are un-encoded (see [#66](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/66) and [#97](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/97) for information on what this can cause). * Introduces a new message pact format for testing interactions via a message queue. ## Generating V3 spec pact files (3.1.0+, 2.3.0+) To have your consumer tests generate V3 format pacts, you can pass an option into the `run` method. For example: ```groovy VerificationResult result = service.run(specificationVersion: PactSpecVersion.V3) { config -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(config.url()) def response = client.get(path: &apos;/&apos;) } ``` ## Consumer test for a message consumer For testing a consumer of messages from a message queue, the `PactMessageBuilder` class provides a DSL for defining your message expectations. It works in much the same way as the `PactBuilder` class for Request-Response interactions, but will generate a V3 format message pact file. The following steps demonstrate how to use it. ### Step 1 - define the message expectations Create a test that uses the `PactMessageBuilder` to define a message expectation, and then call `run`. This will invoke the given closure with a message for each one defined in the pact. ```groovy def eventStream = new PactMessageBuilder().call { serviceConsumer &apos;messageConsumer&apos; hasPactWith &apos;messageProducer&apos; given &apos;order with id 10000004 exists&apos; expectsToReceive &apos;an order confirmation message&apos; withMetaData(type: &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos;) // Can define any key-value pairs here withContent(contentType: &apos;application/json&apos;) { type &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos; audit { userCode &apos;messageService&apos; } origin &apos;message-service&apos; referenceId &apos;10000004-2&apos; timeSent: &apos;2015-07-22T10:14:28+00:00&apos; value { orderId &apos;10000004&apos; value &apos;10.000000&apos; fee &apos;10.00&apos; gst &apos;15.00&apos; } } } ``` ### Step 2 - call your message handler with the generated messages This example tests a message handler that gets messages from a Kafka topic. In this case the Pact message is wrapped as a Kafka `MessageAndMetadata`. ```groovy eventStream.run { Message message -&gt; messageHandler.handleMessage(new MessageAndMetadata(&apos;topic&apos;, 1, new kafka.message.Message(message.contentsAsBytes()), 0, null, valueDecoder)) } ``` ### Step 3 - validate that the message was handled correctly ```groovy def order = orderRepository.getOrder(&apos;10000004&apos;) assert order.status == &apos;confirmed&apos; assert order.value == 10.0 ``` ### Step 4 - Publish the pact file If the test was successful, a pact file would have been produced with the message from step 1.

pact-jvm-consumer-groovy ========================= Groovy DSL for Pact JVM ## Dependency The library is available on maven central using: * group-id = `au.com.dius` * artifact-id = `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11` * version-id = `3.5.x` ## Usage Add the `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy` library to your test class path. This provides a `PactBuilder` class for you to use to define your pacts. For a full example, have a look at the example JUnit `ExampleGroovyConsumerPactTest`. If you are using gradle for your build, add it to your `build.gradle`: dependencies { testCompile &apos;au.com.dius:pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11:3.5.0&apos; } Then create an instance of the `PactBuilder` in your test. ```groovy import au.com.dius.pact.consumer.PactVerificationResult import au.com.dius.pact.consumer.groovy.PactBuilder import groovyx.net.http.RESTClient import org.junit.Test class AliceServiceConsumerPactTest { @Test void &quot;A service consumer side of a pact goes a little something like this&quot;() { def alice_service = new PactBuilder() // Create a new PactBuilder alice_service { serviceConsumer &quot;Consumer&quot; // Define the service consumer by name hasPactWith &quot;Alice Service&quot; // Define the service provider that it has a pact with port 1234 // The port number for the service. It is optional, leave it out to // to use a random one given(&apos;there is some good mallory&apos;) // defines a provider state. It is optional. uponReceiving(&apos;a retrieve Mallory request&apos;) // upon_receiving starts a new interaction withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) // define the request, a GET request to &apos;/mallory&apos; willRespondWith( // define the response we want returned status: 200, headers: [&apos;Content-Type&apos;: &apos;text/html&apos;], body: &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; ) } // Execute the run method to have the mock server run. // It takes a closure to execute your requests and returns a PactVerificationResult. PactVerificationResult result = alice_service.runTest { def client = new RESTClient(&apos;http://localhost:1234/&apos;) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) assert alice_response.status == 200 assert alice_response.contentType == &apos;text/html&apos; def data = alice_response.data.text() assert data == &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; } assert result == PactVerificationResult.Ok.INSTANCE // This means it is all good } } ``` After running this test, the following pact file is produced: { &quot;provider&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Alice Service&quot; }, &quot;consumer&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Consumer&quot; }, &quot;interactions&quot; : [ { &quot;provider_state&quot; : &quot;there is some good mallory&quot;, &quot;description&quot; : &quot;a retrieve Mallory request&quot;, &quot;request&quot; : { &quot;method&quot; : &quot;get&quot;, &quot;path&quot; : &quot;/mallory&quot;, &quot;requestMatchers&quot; : { } }, &quot;response&quot; : { &quot;status&quot; : 200, &quot;headers&quot; : { &quot;Content-Type&quot; : &quot;text/html&quot; }, &quot;body&quot; : &quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;, &quot;responseMatchers&quot; : { } } } ] } ### DSL Methods #### serviceConsumer(String consumer) This names the service consumer for the pact. #### hasPactWith(String provider) This names the service provider for the pact. #### port(int port) Sets the port that the mock server will run on. If not supplied, a random port will be used. #### given(String providerState) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states. Can be called multiple times. #### given(String providerState, Map params) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states. Can be called multiple times, and the params map can contain the data required for the state. #### uponReceiving(String requestDescription) Starts the definition of a of a pact interaction. #### withAttributes(Map requestData) Defines the request for the interaction. The request data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | method | The HTTP method to use | get | | path | The Path for the request | / | | query | Query parameters as a Map&lt;String, List&gt; | | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the request headers | | | body | The body of the request. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies below | For the path, header attributes and query parameters (version 2.2.2+ for headers, 3.3.7+ for query parameters), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating requests. For example: ```groovy .withAttributes(path: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;) // This will generate a random path for requests // or .withAttributes(path: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)) ``` #### withBody(Closure closure) Constructs the body of the request or response by invoking the supplied closure in the context of a PactBodyBuilder. ##### Pretty Printed Bodies [Version 2.2.15+, 3.0.4+] An optional Map can be supplied to control how the body is generated. The option values are available: | Option | Description | |--------|-------------| | mimeType | The mime type of the body. Defaults to `application/json` | | prettyPrint | Boolean value controlling whether to pretty-print the body or not. Defaults to true | If the prettyPrint option is not specified, the bodies will be pretty printed unless the mime type corresponds to one that requires compact bodies. Currently only `application/x-thrift+json` is classed as requiring a compact body. For an example of turning off pretty printing: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody(prettyPrint: false) { name &apos;harry&apos; surname &apos;larry&apos; } } ``` #### willRespondWith(Map responseData) Defines the response for the interaction. The response data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | status | The HTTP status code to return | 200 | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the response headers | | | body | The body of the response. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies above | For the headers (version 2.2.2+), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating responses. For example: ```groovy .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;]) // This will generate a random location value // or .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)]) ``` #### PactVerificationResult runTest(Closure closure) The `runTest` method starts the mock server, and then executes the provided closure. It then returns the pact verification result for the pact run. If you require access to the mock server configuration for the URL, it is passed into the closure, e.g., ```groovy PactVerificationResult result = alice_service.runTest() { mockServer -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(mockServer.url) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) } ``` ### Note on HTTP clients and persistent connections Some HTTP clients may keep the connection open, based on the live connections settings or if they use a connection cache. This could cause your tests to fail if the client you are testing lives longer than an individual test, as the mock server will be started and shutdown for each test. This will result in the HTTP client connection cache having invalid connections. For an example of this where the there was a failure for every second test, see [Issue #342](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/342). ### Body DSL For building JSON bodies there is a `PactBodyBuilder` that provides as DSL that includes matching with regular expressions and by types. For a more complete example look at `PactBodyBuilderTest`. For an example: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody { name(~/\w+/, &apos;harry&apos;) surname regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;larry&apos;) position regexp(~/staff|contractor/, &apos;staff&apos;) happy(true) } } ``` This will return the following body: ```json { &quot;name&quot;: &quot;harry&quot;, &quot;surname&quot;: &quot;larry&quot;, &quot;position&quot;: &quot;staff&quot;, &quot;happy&quot;: true } ``` and add the following matchers: ```json { &quot;$.body.name&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.surname&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.position&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;staff|contractor&quot;} } ``` #### DSL Methods The DSL supports the following matching methods: * regexp(Pattern re, String value = null), regexp(String regexp, String value = null) Defines a regular expression matcher. If the value is not provided, a random one will be generated. * hexValue(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts hexidecimal values. If the value is not provided, a random hexidcimal value will be generated. * identifier(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts integer values. If the value is not provided, a random value will be generated. * ipAddress(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts IP addresses. If the value is not provided, a 127.0.0.1 will be used. * numeric(Number value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any numerical values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * integer(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any integer values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * decimal(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any decimal numbers. If the value is not provided, a random decimal will be used. * timestamp(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATETIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * time(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_TIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * date(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATE_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * uuid(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts UUIDs. A random one will be generated if no value is provided. * equalTo(def value) Defines an equality matcher that always matches the provided value using `equals`. This is useful for resetting cascading type matchers. * includesStr(def value) Defines a matcher that accepts any value where its string form includes the provided string. * nullValue() Defines a matcher that accepts only null values. * url(String basePath, Object... pathFragments) Defines a matcher for URLs, given the base URL path and a sequence of path fragments. The path fragments could be strings or regular expression matchers. For example: ```groovy url(&apos;http://localhost:8080&apos;, &apos;pacticipants&apos;, regexp(&apos;[^\\/]+&apos;, &apos;Activity%20Service&apos;)) ``` Defines a matcher that accepts only null values. #### What if a field matches a matcher name in the DSL? When using the body DSL, if there is a field that matches a matcher name (e.g. a field named &apos;date&apos;) then you can do the following: ```groovy withBody { date = date() } ``` ### Ensuring all items in a list match an example (2.2.0+) Lots of the time you might not know the number of items that will be in a list, but you want to ensure that the list has a minimum or maximum size and that each item in the list matches a given example. You can do this with the `eachLike`, `minLike` and `maxLike` functions. | function | description | |----------|-------------| | `eachLike()` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example | | `maxLike(integer max)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no bigger than the provided max | | `minLike(integer min)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no smaller than the provided min | For example: ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will ensure that the user list is never empty and that each user has an identifier that is a number and a name that is a string. __Version 3.2.4/2.4.6+__ You can specify the number of example items to generate in the array. The default is 1. ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1, 3) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will create an example user list with 3 users. __Version 3.2.13/2.4.14+__ The each like matchers have been updated to work with primitive types. ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, &apos;GRANT&apos;) } ``` will generate the following JSON ```json { &quot;permissions&quot;: [&quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;] } ``` and matchers ```json { &quot;$.body.permissions&quot;: {&quot;match&quot;: &quot;type&quot;} } ``` and now you can even get more fancy ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, regexp(~/\w+/)) permissions2 minLike(2, 3, integer()) permissions3 maxLike(4, 3, ~/\d+/) } ``` You can also match arrays at the root level, for instance, ```groovy withBody PactBodyBuilder.eachLike(regexp(~/\w+/)) ``` or if you have arrays of arrays ```groovy withBody PactBodyBuilder.eachLike([ regexp(&apos;[0-9a-f]{8}&apos;, &apos;e8cda07e&apos;), regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;sony&apos;) ]) ``` __Version 3.5.9+__ A `eachArrayLike` method has been added to handle matching of arrays of arrays. ```groovy { answers minLike(1) { questionId string(&quot;books&quot;) answer eachArrayLike { questionId string(&quot;title&quot;) answer string(&quot;BBBB&quot;) } } ``` This will generate an array of arrays for the `answer` attribute. ### Matching any key in a map (3.3.1/2.5.0+) The DSL has been extended for cases where the keys in a map are IDs. For an example of this, see [#313](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/313). In this case you can use the `keyLike` method, which takes an example key as a parameter. For example: ```groovy withBody { example { one { keyLike &apos;001&apos;, &apos;value&apos; // key like an id mapped to a value } two { keyLike &apos;ABC001&apos;, regexp(&apos;\\w+&apos;) // key like an id mapped to a matcher } three { keyLike &apos;XYZ001&apos;, { // key like an id mapped to a closure id identifier() } } four { keyLike &apos;001XYZ&apos;, eachLike { // key like an id mapped to an array where each item is matched by the following id identifier() // example } } } } ``` For an example, have a look at [WildcardPactSpec](src/test/au/com/dius/pact/consumer/groovy/WildcardPactSpec.groovy). **NOTE:** The `keyLike` method adds a `*` to the matching path, so the matching definition will be applied to all keys of the map if there is not a more specific matcher defined for a particular key. Having more than one `keyLike` condition applied to a map will result in only one being applied when the pact is verified (probably the last). **Further Note: From version 3.5.22 onwards pacts with wildcards applied to map keys will require the Java system property &quot;pact.matching.wildcard&quot; set to value &quot;true&quot; when the pact file is verified.** ### Matching with an OR (3.5.0+) The V3 spec allows multiple matchers to be combined using either AND or OR for a value. The main use of this would be to either be able to match a value or a null, or to combine different matchers. For example: ```groovy withBody { valueA and(&apos;AB&apos;, includeStr(&apos;A&apos;), includeStr(&apos;B&apos;)) // valueA must include both A and B valueB or(&apos;100&apos;, regex(~/\d+/), nullValue()) // valueB must either match a regular expression or be null valueC or(&apos;12345678&apos;, regex(~/\d{8}/), regex(~/X\d{13}/)) // valueC must match either 8 or X followed by 13 digits } ``` ## Changing the directory pact files are written to (2.1.9+) By default, pact files are written to `target/pacts` (or `build/pacts` if you use Gradle), but this can be overwritten with the `pact.rootDir` system property. This property needs to be set on the test JVM as most build tools will fork a new JVM to run the tests. For Gradle, add this to your build.gradle: ```groovy test { systemProperties[&apos;pact.rootDir&apos;] = &quot;$buildDir/custom-pacts-directory&quot; } ``` ## Forcing pact files to be overwritten (3.6.5+) By default, when the pact file is written, it will be merged with any existing pact file. To force the file to be overwritten, set the Java system property `pact.writer.overwrite` to `true`. # Publishing your pact files to a pact broker If you use Gradle, you can use the [pact Gradle plugin](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/tree/master/provider/pact-jvm-provider-gradle#publishing-pact-files-to-a-pact-broker) to publish your pact files. # Pact Specification V3 Version 3 of the pact specification changes the format of pact files in the following ways: * Query parameters are stored in a map form and are un-encoded (see [#66](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/66) and [#97](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/97) for information on what this can cause). * Introduces a new message pact format for testing interactions via a message queue. * Multiple provider states can be defined with data parameters. ## Generating V3 spec pact files (3.1.0+, 2.3.0+) To have your consumer tests generate V3 format pacts, you can pass an option into the `runTest` method. For example: ```groovy PactVerificationResult result = service.runTest(specificationVersion: PactSpecVersion.V3) { config -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(config.url) def response = client.get(path: &apos;/&apos;) } ``` ## Consumer test for a message consumer For testing a consumer of messages from a message queue, the `PactMessageBuilder` class provides a DSL for defining your message expectations. It works in much the same way as the `PactBuilder` class for Request-Response interactions, but will generate a V3 format message pact file. The following steps demonstrate how to use it. ### Step 1 - define the message expectations Create a test that uses the `PactMessageBuilder` to define a message expectation, and then call `run`. This will invoke the given closure with a message for each one defined in the pact. ```groovy def eventStream = new PactMessageBuilder().call { serviceConsumer &apos;messageConsumer&apos; hasPactWith &apos;messageProducer&apos; given &apos;order with id 10000004 exists&apos; expectsToReceive &apos;an order confirmation message&apos; withMetaData(type: &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos;) // Can define any key-value pairs here withContent(contentType: &apos;application/json&apos;) { type &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos; audit { userCode &apos;messageService&apos; } origin &apos;message-service&apos; referenceId &apos;10000004-2&apos; timeSent: &apos;2015-07-22T10:14:28+00:00&apos; value { orderId &apos;10000004&apos; value &apos;10.000000&apos; fee &apos;10.00&apos; gst &apos;15.00&apos; } } } ``` ### Step 2 - call your message handler with the generated messages This example tests a message handler that gets messages from a Kafka topic. In this case the Pact message is wrapped as a Kafka `MessageAndMetadata`. ```groovy eventStream.run { Message message -&gt; messageHandler.handleMessage(new MessageAndMetadata(&apos;topic&apos;, 1, new kafka.message.Message(message.contentsAsBytes()), 0, null, valueDecoder)) } ``` ### Step 3 - validate that the message was handled correctly ```groovy def order = orderRepository.getOrder(&apos;10000004&apos;) assert order.status == &apos;confirmed&apos; assert order.value == 10.0 ``` ### Step 4 - Publish the pact file If the test was successful, a pact file would have been produced with the message from step 1. # Having values injected from provider state callbacks (3.6.11+) You can have values from the provider state callbacks be injected into most places (paths, query parameters, headers, bodies, etc.). This works by using the V3 spec generators with provider state callbacks that return values. One example of where this would be useful is API calls that require an ID which would be auto-generated by the database on the provider side, so there is no way to know what the ID would be beforehand. The DSL method `fromProviderState` allows you to set an expression that will be parsed with the values returned from the provider states. For the body, you can use the key value instead of an expression. For example, assume that an API call is made to get the details of a user by ID. A provider state can be defined that specifies that the user must be exist, but the ID will be created when the user is created. So we can then define an expression for the path where the ID will be replaced with the value returned from the provider state callback. ```groovy service { given(&apos;User harry exists&apos;) uponReceiving(&apos;a request for user harry&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: fromProviderState(&apos;/api/user/${id}&apos;, &apos;/api/user/100&apos;)) withBody { name(fromProviderState(&apos;userName&apos;, &apos;harry&apos;)) // looks up the value using the userName key } } ```

pact-jvm-consumer-groovy ========================= Groovy DSL for Pact JVM ## Dependency The library is available on maven central using: * group-id = `au.com.dius` * artifact-id = `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy` * version-id = `4.0.x` ## Usage Add the `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy` library to your test class path. This provides a `PactBuilder` class for you to use to define your pacts. For a full example, have a look at the example JUnit `ExampleGroovyConsumerPactTest`. If you are using gradle for your build, add it to your `build.gradle`: dependencies { testCompile &apos;au.com.dius:pact-jvm-consumer-groovy:4.0.0&apos; } Then create an instance of the `PactBuilder` in your test. ```groovy import au.com.dius.pact.consumer.PactVerificationResult import au.com.dius.pact.consumer.groovy.PactBuilder import groovyx.net.http.RESTClient import org.junit.Test class AliceServiceConsumerPactTest { @Test void &quot;A service consumer side of a pact goes a little something like this&quot;() { def alice_service = new PactBuilder() // Create a new PactBuilder alice_service { serviceConsumer &quot;Consumer&quot; // Define the service consumer by name hasPactWith &quot;Alice Service&quot; // Define the service provider that it has a pact with port 1234 // The port number for the service. It is optional, leave it out to // to use a random one given(&apos;there is some good mallory&apos;) // defines a provider state. It is optional. uponReceiving(&apos;a retrieve Mallory request&apos;) // upon_receiving starts a new interaction withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) // define the request, a GET request to &apos;/mallory&apos; willRespondWith( // define the response we want returned status: 200, headers: [&apos;Content-Type&apos;: &apos;text/html&apos;], body: &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; ) } // Execute the run method to have the mock server run. // It takes a closure to execute your requests and returns a PactVerificationResult. PactVerificationResult result = alice_service.runTest { def client = new RESTClient(&apos;http://localhost:1234/&apos;) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) assert alice_response.status == 200 assert alice_response.contentType == &apos;text/html&apos; def data = alice_response.data.text() assert data == &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; } assert result == PactVerificationResult.Ok.INSTANCE // This means it is all good } } ``` After running this test, the following pact file is produced: { &quot;provider&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Alice Service&quot; }, &quot;consumer&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Consumer&quot; }, &quot;interactions&quot; : [ { &quot;provider_state&quot; : &quot;there is some good mallory&quot;, &quot;description&quot; : &quot;a retrieve Mallory request&quot;, &quot;request&quot; : { &quot;method&quot; : &quot;get&quot;, &quot;path&quot; : &quot;/mallory&quot;, &quot;requestMatchers&quot; : { } }, &quot;response&quot; : { &quot;status&quot; : 200, &quot;headers&quot; : { &quot;Content-Type&quot; : &quot;text/html&quot; }, &quot;body&quot; : &quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;, &quot;responseMatchers&quot; : { } } } ] } ### DSL Methods #### serviceConsumer(String consumer) This names the service consumer for the pact. #### hasPactWith(String provider) This names the service provider for the pact. #### port(int port) Sets the port that the mock server will run on. If not supplied, a random port will be used. #### given(String providerState) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states. Can be called multiple times. #### given(String providerState, Map params) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states. Can be called multiple times, and the params map can contain the data required for the state. #### uponReceiving(String requestDescription) Starts the definition of a of a pact interaction. #### withAttributes(Map requestData) Defines the request for the interaction. The request data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | method | The HTTP method to use | get | | path | The Path for the request | / | | query | Query parameters as a Map&lt;String, List&gt; | | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the request headers | | | body | The body of the request. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies below | For the path, header attributes and query parameters (version 2.2.2+ for headers, 3.3.7+ for query parameters), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating requests. For example: ```groovy .withAttributes(path: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;) // This will generate a random path for requests // or .withAttributes(path: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)) ``` #### withBody(Closure closure) Constructs the body of the request or response by invoking the supplied closure in the context of a PactBodyBuilder. ##### Pretty Printed Bodies An optional Map can be supplied to control how the body is generated. The option values are available: | Option | Description | |--------|-------------| | mimeType | The mime type of the body. Defaults to `application/json` | | prettyPrint | Boolean value controlling whether to pretty-print the body or not. Defaults to true | If the prettyPrint option is not specified, the bodies will be pretty printed unless the mime type corresponds to one that requires compact bodies. Currently only `application/x-thrift+json` is classed as requiring a compact body. For an example of turning off pretty printing: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody(prettyPrint: false) { name &apos;harry&apos; surname &apos;larry&apos; } } ``` #### willRespondWith(Map responseData) Defines the response for the interaction. The response data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | status | The HTTP status code to return | 200 | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the response headers | | | body | The body of the response. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies above | For the headers (version 2.2.2+), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating responses. For example: ```groovy .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;]) // This will generate a random location value // or .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)]) ``` #### PactVerificationResult runTest(Closure closure) The `runTest` method starts the mock server, and then executes the provided closure. It then returns the pact verification result for the pact run. If you require access to the mock server configuration for the URL, it is passed into the closure, e.g., ```groovy PactVerificationResult result = alice_service.runTest() { mockServer -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(mockServer.url) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) } ``` ### Note on HTTP clients and persistent connections Some HTTP clients may keep the connection open, based on the live connections settings or if they use a connection cache. This could cause your tests to fail if the client you are testing lives longer than an individual test, as the mock server will be started and shutdown for each test. This will result in the HTTP client connection cache having invalid connections. For an example of this where the there was a failure for every second test, see [Issue #342](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/342). ### Body DSL For building JSON bodies there is a `PactBodyBuilder` that provides as DSL that includes matching with regular expressions and by types. For a more complete example look at `PactBodyBuilderTest`. For an example: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody { name(~/\w+/, &apos;harry&apos;) surname regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;larry&apos;) position regexp(~/staff|contractor/, &apos;staff&apos;) happy(true) } } ``` This will return the following body: ```json { &quot;name&quot;: &quot;harry&quot;, &quot;surname&quot;: &quot;larry&quot;, &quot;position&quot;: &quot;staff&quot;, &quot;happy&quot;: true } ``` and add the following matchers: ```json { &quot;$.body.name&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.surname&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.position&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;staff|contractor&quot;} } ``` #### DSL Methods The DSL supports the following matching methods: * regexp(Pattern re, String value = null), regexp(String regexp, String value = null) Defines a regular expression matcher. If the value is not provided, a random one will be generated. * hexValue(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts hexidecimal values. If the value is not provided, a random hexidcimal value will be generated. * identifier(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts integer values. If the value is not provided, a random value will be generated. * ipAddress(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts IP addresses. If the value is not provided, a 127.0.0.1 will be used. * numeric(Number value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any numerical values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * integer(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any integer values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * decimal(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any decimal numbers. If the value is not provided, a random decimal will be used. * timestamp(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATETIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * time(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_TIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * date(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATE_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * uuid(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts UUIDs. A random one will be generated if no value is provided. * equalTo(def value) Defines an equality matcher that always matches the provided value using `equals`. This is useful for resetting cascading type matchers. * includesStr(def value) Defines a matcher that accepts any value where its string form includes the provided string. * nullValue() Defines a matcher that accepts only null values. * url(String basePath, Object... pathFragments) Defines a matcher for URLs, given the base URL path and a sequence of path fragments. The path fragments could be strings or regular expression matchers. For example: ```groovy url(&apos;http://localhost:8080&apos;, &apos;pacticipants&apos;, regexp(&apos;[^\\/]+&apos;, &apos;Activity%20Service&apos;)) ``` Defines a matcher that accepts only null values. #### What if a field matches a matcher name in the DSL? When using the body DSL, if there is a field that matches a matcher name (e.g. a field named &apos;date&apos;) then you can do the following: ```groovy withBody { date = date() } ``` ### Ensuring all items in a list match an example Lots of the time you might not know the number of items that will be in a list, but you want to ensure that the list has a minimum or maximum size and that each item in the list matches a given example. You can do this with the `eachLike`, `minLike` and `maxLike` functions. | function | description | |----------|-------------| | `eachLike()` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example | | `maxLike(integer max)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no bigger than the provided max | | `minLike(integer min)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no smaller than the provided min | For example: ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will ensure that the user list is never empty and that each user has an identifier that is a number and a name that is a string. You can specify the number of example items to generate in the array. The default is 1. ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1, 3) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will create an example user list with 3 users. The each like matchers have been updated to work with primitive types. ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, &apos;GRANT&apos;) } ``` will generate the following JSON ```json { &quot;permissions&quot;: [&quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;] } ``` and matchers ```json { &quot;$.body.permissions&quot;: {&quot;match&quot;: &quot;type&quot;} } ``` and now you can even get more fancy ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, regexp(~/\w+/)) permissions2 minLike(2, 3, integer()) permissions3 maxLike(4, 3, ~/\d+/) } ``` You can also match arrays at the root level, for instance, ```groovy withBody PactBodyBuilder.eachLike(regexp(~/\w+/)) ``` or if you have arrays of arrays ```groovy withBody PactBodyBuilder.eachLike([ regexp(&apos;[0-9a-f]{8}&apos;, &apos;e8cda07e&apos;), regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;sony&apos;) ]) ``` An `eachArrayLike` method has been added to handle matching of arrays of arrays. ```groovy { answers minLike(1) { questionId string(&quot;books&quot;) answer eachArrayLike { questionId string(&quot;title&quot;) answer string(&quot;BBBB&quot;) } } ``` This will generate an array of arrays for the `answer` attribute. ### Matching any key in a map The DSL has been extended for cases where the keys in a map are IDs. For an example of this, see [#313](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/313). In this case you can use the `keyLike` method, which takes an example key as a parameter. For example: ```groovy withBody { example { one { keyLike &apos;001&apos;, &apos;value&apos; // key like an id mapped to a value } two { keyLike &apos;ABC001&apos;, regexp(&apos;\\w+&apos;) // key like an id mapped to a matcher } three { keyLike &apos;XYZ001&apos;, { // key like an id mapped to a closure id identifier() } } four { keyLike &apos;001XYZ&apos;, eachLike { // key like an id mapped to an array where each item is matched by the following id identifier() // example } } } } ``` For an example, have a look at [WildcardPactSpec](src/test/au/com/dius/pact/consumer/groovy/WildcardPactSpec.groovy). **NOTE:** The `keyLike` method adds a `*` to the matching path, so the matching definition will be applied to all keys of the map if there is not a more specific matcher defined for a particular key. Having more than one `keyLike` condition applied to a map will result in only one being applied when the pact is verified (probably the last). **Further Note: From version 3.5.22 onwards pacts with wildcards applied to map keys will require the Java system property &quot;pact.matching.wildcard&quot; set to value &quot;true&quot; when the pact file is verified.** ### Matching with an OR The V3 spec allows multiple matchers to be combined using either AND or OR for a value. The main use of this would be to either be able to match a value or a null, or to combine different matchers. For example: ```groovy withBody { valueA and(&apos;AB&apos;, includeStr(&apos;A&apos;), includeStr(&apos;B&apos;)) // valueA must include both A and B valueB or(&apos;100&apos;, regex(~/\d+/), nullValue()) // valueB must either match a regular expression or be null valueC or(&apos;12345678&apos;, regex(~/\d{8}/), regex(~/X\d{13}/)) // valueC must match either 8 or X followed by 13 digits } ``` ## Changing the directory pact files are written to By default, pact files are written to `target/pacts` (or `build/pacts` if you use Gradle), but this can be overwritten with the `pact.rootDir` system property. This property needs to be set on the test JVM as most build tools will fork a new JVM to run the tests. For Gradle, add this to your build.gradle: ```groovy test { systemProperties[&apos;pact.rootDir&apos;] = &quot;$buildDir/custom-pacts-directory&quot; } ``` ## Forcing pact files to be overwritten (3.6.5+) By default, when the pact file is written, it will be merged with any existing pact file. To force the file to be overwritten, set the Java system property `pact.writer.overwrite` to `true`. # Publishing your pact files to a pact broker If you use Gradle, you can use the [pact Gradle plugin](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/tree/master/provider/pact-jvm-provider-gradle#publishing-pact-files-to-a-pact-broker) to publish your pact files. # Pact Specification V3 Version 3 of the pact specification changes the format of pact files in the following ways: * Query parameters are stored in a map form and are un-encoded (see [#66](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/66) and [#97](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/97) for information on what this can cause). * Introduces a new message pact format for testing interactions via a message queue. * Multiple provider states can be defined with data parameters. ## Generating V3 spec pact files To have your consumer tests generate V3 format pacts, you can pass an option into the `runTest` method. For example: ```groovy PactVerificationResult result = service.runTest(specificationVersion: PactSpecVersion.V3) { config -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(config.url) def response = client.get(path: &apos;/&apos;) } ``` ## Consumer test for a message consumer For testing a consumer of messages from a message queue, the `PactMessageBuilder` class provides a DSL for defining your message expectations. It works in much the same way as the `PactBuilder` class for Request-Response interactions, but will generate a V3 format message pact file. The following steps demonstrate how to use it. ### Step 1 - define the message expectations Create a test that uses the `PactMessageBuilder` to define a message expectation, and then call `run`. This will invoke the given closure with a message for each one defined in the pact. ```groovy def eventStream = new PactMessageBuilder().call { serviceConsumer &apos;messageConsumer&apos; hasPactWith &apos;messageProducer&apos; given &apos;order with id 10000004 exists&apos; expectsToReceive &apos;an order confirmation message&apos; withMetaData(type: &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos;) // Can define any key-value pairs here withContent(contentType: &apos;application/json&apos;) { type &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos; audit { userCode &apos;messageService&apos; } origin &apos;message-service&apos; referenceId &apos;10000004-2&apos; timeSent: &apos;2015-07-22T10:14:28+00:00&apos; value { orderId &apos;10000004&apos; value &apos;10.000000&apos; fee &apos;10.00&apos; gst &apos;15.00&apos; } } } ``` ### Step 2 - call your message handler with the generated messages This example tests a message handler that gets messages from a Kafka topic. In this case the Pact message is wrapped as a Kafka `MessageAndMetadata`. ```groovy eventStream.run { Message message -&gt; messageHandler.handleMessage(new MessageAndMetadata(&apos;topic&apos;, 1, new kafka.message.Message(message.contentsAsBytes()), 0, null, valueDecoder)) } ``` ### Step 3 - validate that the message was handled correctly ```groovy def order = orderRepository.getOrder(&apos;10000004&apos;) assert order.status == &apos;confirmed&apos; assert order.value == 10.0 ``` ### Step 4 - Publish the pact file If the test was successful, a pact file would have been produced with the message from step 1. # Having values injected from provider state callbacks (3.6.11+) You can have values from the provider state callbacks be injected into most places (paths, query parameters, headers, bodies, etc.). This works by using the V3 spec generators with provider state callbacks that return values. One example of where this would be useful is API calls that require an ID which would be auto-generated by the database on the provider side, so there is no way to know what the ID would be beforehand. The DSL method `fromProviderState` allows you to set an expression that will be parsed with the values returned from the provider states. For the body, you can use the key value instead of an expression. For example, assume that an API call is made to get the details of a user by ID. A provider state can be defined that specifies that the user must be exist, but the ID will be created when the user is created. So we can then define an expression for the path where the ID will be replaced with the value returned from the provider state callback. ```groovy service { given(&apos;User harry exists&apos;) uponReceiving(&apos;a request for user harry&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: fromProviderState(&apos;/api/user/${id}&apos;, &apos;/api/user/100&apos;)) withBody { name(fromProviderState(&apos;userName&apos;, &apos;harry&apos;)) // looks up the value using the userName key } } ```

pact-jvm-consumer-groovy ========================= Groovy DSL for Pact JVM ## Dependency The library is available on maven central using: * group-id = `au.com.dius` * artifact-id = `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11` * version-id = `3.5.x` ## Usage Add the `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy` library to your test class path. This provides a `PactBuilder` class for you to use to define your pacts. For a full example, have a look at the example JUnit `ExampleGroovyConsumerPactTest`. If you are using gradle for your build, add it to your `build.gradle`: dependencies { testCompile &apos;au.com.dius:pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11:3.5.0&apos; } Then create an instance of the `PactBuilder` in your test. ```groovy import au.com.dius.pact.consumer.PactVerificationResult import au.com.dius.pact.consumer.groovy.PactBuilder import groovyx.net.http.RESTClient import org.junit.Test class AliceServiceConsumerPactTest { @Test void &quot;A service consumer side of a pact goes a little something like this&quot;() { def alice_service = new PactBuilder() // Create a new PactBuilder alice_service { serviceConsumer &quot;Consumer&quot; // Define the service consumer by name hasPactWith &quot;Alice Service&quot; // Define the service provider that it has a pact with port 1234 // The port number for the service. It is optional, leave it out to // to use a random one given(&apos;there is some good mallory&apos;) // defines a provider state. It is optional. uponReceiving(&apos;a retrieve Mallory request&apos;) // upon_receiving starts a new interaction withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) // define the request, a GET request to &apos;/mallory&apos; willRespondWith( // define the response we want returned status: 200, headers: [&apos;Content-Type&apos;: &apos;text/html&apos;], body: &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; ) } // Execute the run method to have the mock server run. // It takes a closure to execute your requests and returns a PactVerificationResult. PactVerificationResult result = alice_service.runTest { def client = new RESTClient(&apos;http://localhost:1234/&apos;) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) assert alice_response.status == 200 assert alice_response.contentType == &apos;text/html&apos; def data = alice_response.data.text() assert data == &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; } assert result == PactVerificationResult.Ok.INSTANCE // This means it is all good } } ``` After running this test, the following pact file is produced: { &quot;provider&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Alice Service&quot; }, &quot;consumer&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Consumer&quot; }, &quot;interactions&quot; : [ { &quot;provider_state&quot; : &quot;there is some good mallory&quot;, &quot;description&quot; : &quot;a retrieve Mallory request&quot;, &quot;request&quot; : { &quot;method&quot; : &quot;get&quot;, &quot;path&quot; : &quot;/mallory&quot;, &quot;requestMatchers&quot; : { } }, &quot;response&quot; : { &quot;status&quot; : 200, &quot;headers&quot; : { &quot;Content-Type&quot; : &quot;text/html&quot; }, &quot;body&quot; : &quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;, &quot;responseMatchers&quot; : { } } } ] } ### DSL Methods #### serviceConsumer(String consumer) This names the service consumer for the pact. #### hasPactWith(String provider) This names the service provider for the pact. #### port(int port) Sets the port that the mock server will run on. If not supplied, a random port will be used. #### given(String providerState) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states. Can be called multiple times. #### given(String providerState, Map params) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states. Can be called multiple times, and the params map can contain the data required for the state. #### uponReceiving(String requestDescription) Starts the definition of a of a pact interaction. #### withAttributes(Map requestData) Defines the request for the interaction. The request data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | method | The HTTP method to use | get | | path | The Path for the request | / | | query | Query parameters as a Map&lt;String, List&gt; | | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the request headers | | | body | The body of the request. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies below | For the path, header attributes and query parameters (version 2.2.2+ for headers, 3.3.7+ for query parameters), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating requests. For example: ```groovy .withAttributes(path: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;) // This will generate a random path for requests // or .withAttributes(path: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)) ``` #### withBody(Closure closure) Constructs the body of the request or response by invoking the supplied closure in the context of a PactBodyBuilder. ##### Pretty Printed Bodies [Version 2.2.15+, 3.0.4+] An optional Map can be supplied to control how the body is generated. The option values are available: | Option | Description | |--------|-------------| | mimeType | The mime type of the body. Defaults to `application/json` | | prettyPrint | Boolean value controlling whether to pretty-print the body or not. Defaults to true | If the prettyPrint option is not specified, the bodies will be pretty printed unless the mime type corresponds to one that requires compact bodies. Currently only `application/x-thrift+json` is classed as requiring a compact body. For an example of turning off pretty printing: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody(prettyPrint: false) { name &apos;harry&apos; surname &apos;larry&apos; } } ``` #### willRespondWith(Map responseData) Defines the response for the interaction. The response data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | status | The HTTP status code to return | 200 | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the response headers | | | body | The body of the response. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies above | For the headers (version 2.2.2+), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating responses. For example: ```groovy .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;]) // This will generate a random location value // or .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)]) ``` #### PactVerificationResult runTest(Closure closure) The `runTest` method starts the mock server, and then executes the provided closure. It then returns the pact verification result for the pact run. If you require access to the mock server configuration for the URL, it is passed into the closure, e.g., ```groovy PactVerificationResult result = alice_service.runTest() { mockServer -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(mockServer.url) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) } ``` ### Note on HTTP clients and persistent connections Some HTTP clients may keep the connection open, based on the live connections settings or if they use a connection cache. This could cause your tests to fail if the client you are testing lives longer than an individual test, as the mock server will be started and shutdown for each test. This will result in the HTTP client connection cache having invalid connections. For an example of this where the there was a failure for every second test, see [Issue #342](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/342). ### Body DSL For building JSON bodies there is a `PactBodyBuilder` that provides as DSL that includes matching with regular expressions and by types. For a more complete example look at `PactBodyBuilderTest`. For an example: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody { name(~/\w+/, &apos;harry&apos;) surname regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;larry&apos;) position regexp(~/staff|contractor/, &apos;staff&apos;) happy(true) } } ``` This will return the following body: ```json { &quot;name&quot;: &quot;harry&quot;, &quot;surname&quot;: &quot;larry&quot;, &quot;position&quot;: &quot;staff&quot;, &quot;happy&quot;: true } ``` and add the following matchers: ```json { &quot;$.body.name&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.surname&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.position&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;staff|contractor&quot;} } ``` #### DSL Methods The DSL supports the following matching methods: * regexp(Pattern re, String value = null), regexp(String regexp, String value = null) Defines a regular expression matcher. If the value is not provided, a random one will be generated. * hexValue(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts hexidecimal values. If the value is not provided, a random hexidcimal value will be generated. * identifier(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts integer values. If the value is not provided, a random value will be generated. * ipAddress(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts IP addresses. If the value is not provided, a 127.0.0.1 will be used. * numeric(Number value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any numerical values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * integer(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any integer values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * decimal(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any decimal numbers. If the value is not provided, a random decimal will be used. * timestamp(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATETIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * time(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_TIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * date(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATE_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * uuid(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts UUIDs. A random one will be generated if no value is provided. * equalTo(def value) Defines an equality matcher that always matches the provided value using `equals`. This is useful for resetting cascading type matchers. * includesStr(def value) Defines a matcher that accepts any value where its string form includes the provided string. * nullValue() Defines a matcher that accepts only null values. * url(String basePath, Object... pathFragments) Defines a matcher for URLs, given the base URL path and a sequence of path fragments. The path fragments could be strings or regular expression matchers. For example: ```groovy url(&apos;http://localhost:8080&apos;, &apos;pacticipants&apos;, regexp(&apos;[^\\/]+&apos;, &apos;Activity%20Service&apos;)) ``` Defines a matcher that accepts only null values. #### What if a field matches a matcher name in the DSL? When using the body DSL, if there is a field that matches a matcher name (e.g. a field named &apos;date&apos;) then you can do the following: ```groovy withBody { date = date() } ``` ### Ensuring all items in a list match an example (2.2.0+) Lots of the time you might not know the number of items that will be in a list, but you want to ensure that the list has a minimum or maximum size and that each item in the list matches a given example. You can do this with the `eachLike`, `minLike` and `maxLike` functions. | function | description | |----------|-------------| | `eachLike()` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example | | `maxLike(integer max)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no bigger than the provided max | | `minLike(integer min)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no smaller than the provided min | For example: ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will ensure that the user list is never empty and that each user has an identifier that is a number and a name that is a string. __Version 3.2.4/2.4.6+__ You can specify the number of example items to generate in the array. The default is 1. ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1, 3) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will create an example user list with 3 users. __Version 3.2.13/2.4.14+__ The each like matchers have been updated to work with primitive types. ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, &apos;GRANT&apos;) } ``` will generate the following JSON ```json { &quot;permissions&quot;: [&quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;] } ``` and matchers ```json { &quot;$.body.permissions&quot;: {&quot;match&quot;: &quot;type&quot;} } ``` and now you can even get more fancy ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, regexp(~/\w+/)) permissions2 minLike(2, 3, integer()) permissions3 maxLike(4, 3, ~/\d+/) } ``` You can also match arrays at the root level, for instance, ```groovy withBody PactBodyBuilder.eachLike(regexp(~/\w+/)) ``` or if you have arrays of arrays ```groovy withBody PactBodyBuilder.eachLike([ regexp(&apos;[0-9a-f]{8}&apos;, &apos;e8cda07e&apos;), regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;sony&apos;) ]) ``` __Version 3.5.9+__ A `eachArrayLike` method has been added to handle matching of arrays of arrays. ```groovy { answers minLike(1) { questionId string(&quot;books&quot;) answer eachArrayLike { questionId string(&quot;title&quot;) answer string(&quot;BBBB&quot;) } } ``` This will generate an array of arrays for the `answer` attribute. ### Matching any key in a map (3.3.1/2.5.0+) The DSL has been extended for cases where the keys in a map are IDs. For an example of this, see [#313](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/313). In this case you can use the `keyLike` method, which takes an example key as a parameter. For example: ```groovy withBody { example { one { keyLike &apos;001&apos;, &apos;value&apos; // key like an id mapped to a value } two { keyLike &apos;ABC001&apos;, regexp(&apos;\\w+&apos;) // key like an id mapped to a matcher } three { keyLike &apos;XYZ001&apos;, { // key like an id mapped to a closure id identifier() } } four { keyLike &apos;001XYZ&apos;, eachLike { // key like an id mapped to an array where each item is matched by the following id identifier() // example } } } } ``` For an example, have a look at [WildcardPactSpec](src/test/au/com/dius/pact/consumer/groovy/WildcardPactSpec.groovy). **NOTE:** The `keyLike` method adds a `*` to the matching path, so the matching definition will be applied to all keys of the map if there is not a more specific matcher defined for a particular key. Having more than one `keyLike` condition applied to a map will result in only one being applied when the pact is verified (probably the last). **Further Note: From version 3.5.22 onwards pacts with wildcards applied to map keys will require the Java system property &quot;pact.matching.wildcard&quot; set to value &quot;true&quot; when the pact file is verified.** ### Matching with an OR (3.5.0+) The V3 spec allows multiple matchers to be combined using either AND or OR for a value. The main use of this would be to either be able to match a value or a null, or to combine different matchers. For example: ```groovy withBody { valueA and(&apos;AB&apos;, includeStr(&apos;A&apos;), includeStr(&apos;B&apos;)) // valueA must include both A and B valueB or(&apos;100&apos;, regex(~/\d+/), nullValue()) // valueB must either match a regular expression or be null valueC or(&apos;12345678&apos;, regex(~/\d{8}/), regex(~/X\d{13}/)) // valueC must match either 8 or X followed by 13 digits } ``` ## Changing the directory pact files are written to (2.1.9+) By default, pact files are written to `target/pacts`, but this can be overwritten with the `pact.rootDir` system property. This property needs to be set on the test JVM as most build tools will fork a new JVM to run the tests. For Gradle, add this to your build.gradle: ```groovy test { systemProperties[&apos;pact.rootDir&apos;] = &quot;$buildDir/pacts&quot; } ``` # Publishing your pact files to a pact broker If you use Gradle, you can use the [pact Gradle plugin](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/tree/master/pact-jvm-provider-gradle#publishing-pact-files-to-a-pact-broker) to publish your pact files. # Pact Specification V3 Version 3 of the pact specification changes the format of pact files in the following ways: * Query parameters are stored in a map form and are un-encoded (see [#66](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/66) and [#97](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/97) for information on what this can cause). * Introduces a new message pact format for testing interactions via a message queue. * Multiple provider states can be defined with data parameters. ## Generating V3 spec pact files (3.1.0+, 2.3.0+) To have your consumer tests generate V3 format pacts, you can pass an option into the `runTest` method. For example: ```groovy PactVerificationResult result = service.runTest(specificationVersion: PactSpecVersion.V3) { config -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(config.url) def response = client.get(path: &apos;/&apos;) } ``` ## Consumer test for a message consumer For testing a consumer of messages from a message queue, the `PactMessageBuilder` class provides a DSL for defining your message expectations. It works in much the same way as the `PactBuilder` class for Request-Response interactions, but will generate a V3 format message pact file. The following steps demonstrate how to use it. ### Step 1 - define the message expectations Create a test that uses the `PactMessageBuilder` to define a message expectation, and then call `run`. This will invoke the given closure with a message for each one defined in the pact. ```groovy def eventStream = new PactMessageBuilder().call { serviceConsumer &apos;messageConsumer&apos; hasPactWith &apos;messageProducer&apos; given &apos;order with id 10000004 exists&apos; expectsToReceive &apos;an order confirmation message&apos; withMetaData(type: &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos;) // Can define any key-value pairs here withContent(contentType: &apos;application/json&apos;) { type &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos; audit { userCode &apos;messageService&apos; } origin &apos;message-service&apos; referenceId &apos;10000004-2&apos; timeSent: &apos;2015-07-22T10:14:28+00:00&apos; value { orderId &apos;10000004&apos; value &apos;10.000000&apos; fee &apos;10.00&apos; gst &apos;15.00&apos; } } } ``` ### Step 2 - call your message handler with the generated messages This example tests a message handler that gets messages from a Kafka topic. In this case the Pact message is wrapped as a Kafka `MessageAndMetadata`. ```groovy eventStream.run { Message message -&gt; messageHandler.handleMessage(new MessageAndMetadata(&apos;topic&apos;, 1, new kafka.message.Message(message.contentsAsBytes()), 0, null, valueDecoder)) } ``` ### Step 3 - validate that the message was handled correctly ```groovy def order = orderRepository.getOrder(&apos;10000004&apos;) assert order.status == &apos;confirmed&apos; assert order.value == 10.0 ``` ### Step 4 - Publish the pact file If the test was successful, a pact file would have been produced with the message from step 1.