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<p>PMD scans Java source code and looks for potential problems like:</p> <ul> <li>Possible bugs - empty try/catch/finally/switch statements</li> <li>Dead code - unused local variables, parameters and private methods</li> <li>Suboptimal code - wasteful String/StringBuffer usage</li> <li>Overcomplicated expressions - unnecessary if statements, for loops that could be while loops</li> <li>Duplicate code - copied/pasted code means copied/pasted bugs</li> </ul> <p>You can <b><a href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=56262">download everything from here</a></b>, and you can get an overview of all the rules at the <a href="rules/index.html">rulesets index</a> page.</p> <p>PMD is <a href="integrations.html">integrated</a> with JDeveloper, Eclipse, JEdit, JBuilder, BlueJ, CodeGuide, NetBeans/Sun Java Studio Enterprise/Creator, IntelliJ IDEA, TextPad, Maven, Ant, Gel, JCreator, and Emacs.</p>

[] (https://drone.io/bitbucket.org/tidalwave/thesefoolishthings-superpom-src/latest) A feature-rich SuperPOM for building Java projects. It features: * explicit version configuration for a number of plugins; * easy configurability by means of pre-defined properties to avoid cut & copy of plugin sections. A number of profiles, that can be easily activated, are available for: * Spring-AOP configuration; * different kinds of Continuous Integration tasks, including a full run of QA tools such as JaCoCo, FindBugs, PMD, etc... * deploying WARs and locally running them with Tomcat or Jetty; * creating a Mac OS X bundle for JavaFX applications; * creating .deb packages for both application and services; * a customized release cycle, including all requirements for the Maven Central such as signing, with a 'transactional' behaviour (all artifacts, both the DSCM and the Maven artifacts are prepared on the local disk, so they can be uploaded in a second moment); Remember to customise it ------------------------ If you use it, please remember to change the ```description```,```url```, ```organization```, ```developers```, ```license```, etc... to override those related to the development of this POM.

OpenIMAJ (Open Intelligent Multimedia in Java) is a collection of libraries and tools for multimedia analysis written in the Java programming language. OpenIMAJ intends to be the first truly complete multimedia analysis library and contains modules for analysing images, videos, text, audio and even webpages. The OpenIMAJ image and video analysis and feature extraction modules contain methods for processing visual content and extracting state-of-the-art features, including SIFT. The OpenIMAJ clustering and nearest-neighbour libraries contain efficient, multi-threaded implementations of clustering algorithms including Hierarchical K-Means and Approximate K-Means. The clustering library makes it possible to easily create visual-bag-of-words representations for images and video with very large vocabularies. The text-analysis modules contain implementations of a statistical language classifier and low-level processing pipeline. A number of modules deal with content creation, including interactive slideshows and animations. The hardware integration modules allow cross-platform integration with devices including webcams, the Microsoft Kinect, and even devices such as GPS's. OpenIMAJ also incorporates a number of tools to enable extremely-large-scale multimedia analysis using a distributed computing approach based on Apache Hadoop.

Races the cross validation error of competing attribute subsets. Use in conjuction with a ClassifierSubsetEval. RaceSearch has four modes: forward selection races all single attribute additions to a base set (initially no attributes), selects the winner to become the new base set and then iterates until there is no improvement over the base set. Backward elimination is similar but the initial base set has all attributes included and races all single attribute deletions. Schemata search is a bit different. Each iteration a series of races are run in parallel. Each race in a set determines whether a particular attribute should be included or not---ie the race is between the attribute being "in" or "out". The other attributes for this race are included or excluded randomly at each point in the evaluation. As soon as one race has a clear winner (ie it has been decided whether a particular attribute should be inor not) then the next set of races begins, using the result of the winning race from the previous iteration as new base set. Rank race first ranks the attributes using an attribute evaluator and then races the ranking. The race includes no attributes, the top ranked attribute, the top two attributes, the top three attributes, etc. It is also possible to generate a raked list of attributes through the forward racing process. If generateRanking is set to true then a complete forward race will be run---that is, racing continues until all attributes have been selected. The order that they are added in determines a complete ranking of all the attributes. Racing uses paired and unpaired t-tests on cross-validation errors of competing subsets. When there is a significant difference between the means of the errors of two competing subsets then the poorer of the two can be eliminated from the race. Similarly, if there is no significant difference between the mean errors of two competing subsets and they are within some threshold of each other, then one can be eliminated from the race.

Jsgen is a Java Source Generation Framework: That means, it should be a valuable tool, if you intend to write a custom generator for Java sources. As such, it is the successor of a previous framework, called JaxMeJS (http://jaxme.sourceforge.net/JaxMeJS/docs/index.html). The predecessor came into being as a standalone project. It was incorporated into the bigger JaxMe project, when the latter was adopted by the Apache Webservices project. And it was buried as part of the bigger project, when the latter was moved to the Apache Attic (http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/webservices/archive/jaxme/). That was fine for quite some time, because the latest released version (JaxMeJS 0.5.2) did its job quite well. Over the years, however, the Java language has evolved, and the lack of support for features like Generics, or Annotations, became a burden. Hence the Successor: Jsgen picks up, where JaxMeJS ended. It is, however, a complete rewrite with several additional features, that the author considers to be important for modern Java applications: 1. It supports Generics. 2. It supports Annotations. 3. The builder pattern has been adopted. Almost all important classes are implemented as builders. This should make writing the actual source generators much more concise, and maintainable, than it used to be before. 4. The code style is configurable. Code styles allow you to concentrate on the actual work. The resulting Jave source will look nicely formatted, anyways. As of this writing, you can select between two builtin code styles: - The default code style is basically the authors personal free style, roughly comparable to the default code style of the Eclipse Java IDE. - As an alternative, there is also a Maven code style, which is widely used in the Open Source communities. Compared to the default style, it is less concise, if not even a bit verbose. On the other hand, it is widely adopted by projects in the vicinity of {{{https://maven.apache.org}Apache Maven}}. 5. Import lists are created, and sorted, automatically.

minitest provides a complete suite of testing facilities supporting TDD, BDD, mocking, and benchmarking. "I had a class with Jim Weirich on testing last week and we were allowed to choose our testing frameworks. Kirk Haines and I were paired up and we cracked open the code for a few test frameworks... I MUST say that minitest is *very* readable / understandable compared to the 'other two' options we looked at. Nicely done and thank you for helping us keep our mental sanity." -- Wayne E. Seguin minitest/unit is a small and incredibly fast unit testing framework. It provides a rich set of assertions to make your tests clean and readable. minitest/spec is a functionally complete spec engine. It hooks onto minitest/unit and seamlessly bridges test assertions over to spec expectations. minitest/benchmark is an awesome way to assert the performance of your algorithms in a repeatable manner. Now you can assert that your newb co-worker doesn't replace your linear algorithm with an exponential one! minitest/mock by Steven Baker, is a beautifully tiny mock (and stub) object framework. minitest/pride shows pride in testing and adds coloring to your test output. I guess it is an example of how to write IO pipes too. :P minitest/unit is meant to have a clean implementation for language implementors that need a minimal set of methods to bootstrap a working test suite. For example, there is no magic involved for test-case discovery. "Again, I can't praise enough the idea of a testing/specing framework that I can actually read in full in one sitting!" -- Piotr Szotkowski Comparing to rspec: rspec is a testing DSL. minitest is ruby. -- Adam Hawkins, "Bow Before MiniTest" minitest doesn't reinvent anything that ruby already provides, like: classes, modules, inheritance, methods. This means you only have to learn ruby to use minitest and all of your regular OO practices like extract-method refactorings still apply.

Alphatier is a resource management library. It is designed to allow different schedulers to share the resources of a pool of executors in order to execute tasks with those. Read the [detailed documentation](#io.alphatier.pools) below to get an in-depth understanding. ## License Copyright &copy; 2014 [Tobias Sarnowski](mailto:[email protected]), [Willi Schönborn](mailto:[email protected]) Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. ## Usage The library is written in [Clojure](http://clojure.org/) and is available in the [central Maven repository](https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/alphatier/alphatier/): <dependency> <groupId>io.alphatier</groupId> <artifactId>alphatier</artifactId> <version>0.3.0</version> </dependency> The library is written in pure Clojure without [ahead-of-time compilation](http://clojure.org/compilation). This means, that the library does not contain any *.class files. If you work with Clojure, this is not a problem but if you like to use the library from another JVM language (like Java, Scala or Groovy), you can use [Clojure's built-in tools](http://clojure.org/java_interop#Java%20Interop-Calling%20Clojure%20From%20Java) for interoperability or try our Java library: [https://github.com/sarnowski/alphatier-java](https://github.com/sarnowski/alphatier-java) ### Development If you like to change this library, please have a look at the [README](README.md). Development is done via [Github](https://github.com/sarnowski/alphatier).

pact-jvm-consumer-groovy ========================= Groovy DSL for Pact JVM ## Dependency The library is available on maven central using: * group-id = `au.com.dius` * artifact-id = `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11` * version-id = `2.4.x` or `3.2.x` ## Usage Add the `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy` library to your test class path. This provides a `PactBuilder` class for you to use to define your pacts. For a full example, have a look at the example JUnit `ExampleGroovyConsumerPactTest`. If you are using gradle for your build, add it to your `build.gradle`: dependencies { testCompile &apos;au.com.dius:pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11:3.2.14&apos; } Then create an instance of the `PactBuilder` in your test. ```groovy @Test void &quot;A service consumer side of a pact goes a little something like this&quot;() { def alice_service = new PactBuilder() // Create a new PactBuilder alice_service { serviceConsumer &quot;Consumer&quot; // Define the service consumer by name hasPactWith &quot;Alice Service&quot; // Define the service provider that it has a pact with port 1234 // The port number for the service. It is optional, leave it out to // to use a random one given(&apos;there is some good mallory&apos;) // defines a provider state. It is optional. uponReceiving(&apos;a retrieve Mallory request&apos;) // upon_receiving starts a new interaction withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) // define the request, a GET request to &apos;/mallory&apos; willRespondWith( // define the response we want returned status: 200, headers: [&apos;Content-Type&apos;: &apos;text/html&apos;], body: &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; ) } // Execute the run method to have the mock server run. // It takes a closure to execute your requests and returns a Pact VerificationResult. VerificationResult result = alice_service.run() { def client = new RESTClient(&apos;http://localhost:1234/&apos;) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) assert alice_response.status == 200 assert alice_response.contentType == &apos;text/html&apos; def data = alice_response.data.text() assert data == &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; } assert result == PactVerified$.MODULE$ // This means it is all good in weird Scala speak. } ``` After running this test, the following pact file is produced: { &quot;provider&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Alice Service&quot; }, &quot;consumer&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Consumer&quot; }, &quot;interactions&quot; : [ { &quot;provider_state&quot; : &quot;there is some good mallory&quot;, &quot;description&quot; : &quot;a retrieve Mallory request&quot;, &quot;request&quot; : { &quot;method&quot; : &quot;get&quot;, &quot;path&quot; : &quot;/mallory&quot;, &quot;requestMatchers&quot; : { } }, &quot;response&quot; : { &quot;status&quot; : 200, &quot;headers&quot; : { &quot;Content-Type&quot; : &quot;text/html&quot; }, &quot;body&quot; : &quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;, &quot;responseMatchers&quot; : { } } } ] } ### DSL Methods #### serviceConsumer(String consumer) This names the service consumer for the pact. #### hasPactWith(String provider) This names the service provider for the pact. #### port(int port) Sets the port that the mock server will run on. If not supplied, a random port will be used. #### given(String providerState) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states #### uponReceiving(String requestDescription) Starts the definition of a of a pact interaction. #### withAttributes(Map requestData) Defines the request for the interaction. The request data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | method | The HTTP method to use | get | | path | The Path for the request | / | | query | Query parameters as a Map&lt;String, List&gt; | | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the request headers | | | body | The body of the request. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies below | For the path, header attributes and query parameters (version 2.2.2+ for headers, 3.3.7+ for query parameters), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating requests. For example: ```groovy .withAttributes(path: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;) // This will generate a random path for requests // or .withAttributes(path: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)) ``` #### withBody(Closure closure) Constructs the body of the request or response by invoking the supplied closure in the context of a PactBodyBuilder. ##### Pretty Printed Bodies [Version 2.2.15+, 3.0.4+] An optional Map can be supplied to control how the body is generated. The option values are available: | Option | Description | |--------|-------------| | mimeType | The mime type of the body. Defaults to `application/json` | | prettyPrint | Boolean value controlling whether to pretty-print the body or not. Defaults to true | If the prettyPrint option is not specified, the bodies will be pretty printed unless the mime type corresponds to one that requires compact bodies. Currently only `application/x-thrift+json` is classed as requiring a compact body. For an example of turning off pretty printing: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody(prettyPrint: false) { name &apos;harry&apos; surname &apos;larry&apos; } } ``` #### willRespondWith(Map responseData) Defines the response for the interaction. The response data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | status | The HTTP status code to return | 200 | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the response headers | | | body | The body of the response. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies above | For the headers (version 2.2.2+), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating responses. For example: ```groovy .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;]) // This will generate a random location value // or .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)]) ``` #### VerificationResult run(Closure closure) The `run` method starts the mock server, and then executes the provided closure. It then returns the pact verification result for the pact run. If you require access to the mock server configuration for the URL, it is passed into the closure, e.g., ```groovy VerificationResult result = alice_service.run() { config -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(config.url()) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) } ``` ### Body DSL For building JSON bodies there is a `PactBodyBuilder` that provides as DSL that includes matching with regular expressions and by types. For a more complete example look at `PactBodyBuilderTest`. For an example: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody { name(~/\w+/, &apos;harry&apos;) surname regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;larry&apos;) position regexp(~/staff|contractor/, &apos;staff&apos;) happy(true) } } ``` This will return the following body: ```json { &quot;name&quot;: &quot;harry&quot;, &quot;surname&quot;: &quot;larry&quot;, &quot;position&quot;: &quot;staff&quot;, &quot;happy&quot;: true } ``` and add the following matchers: ```json { &quot;$.body.name&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.surname&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.position&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;staff|contractor&quot;} } ``` #### DSL Methods The DSL supports the following matching methods: * regexp(Pattern re, String value = null), regexp(String regexp, String value = null) Defines a regular expression matcher. If the value is not provided, a random one will be generated. * hexValue(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts hexidecimal values. If the value is not provided, a random hexidcimal value will be generated. * identifier(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts integer values. If the value is not provided, a random value will be generated. * ipAddress(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts IP addresses. If the value is not provided, a 127.0.0.1 will be used. * numeric(Number value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any numerical values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * integer(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any integer values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * real(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any real numbers. If the value is not provided, a random double will be used. * timestamp(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATETIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * time(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_TIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * date(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATE_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * uuid(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts UUIDs. A random one will be generated if no value is provided. #### What if a field matches a matcher name in the DSL? When using the body DSL, if there is a field that matches a matcher name (e.g. a field named &apos;date&apos;) then you can do the following: ```groovy withBody { date = date() } ``` ### Ensuring all items in a list match an example (2.2.0+) Lots of the time you might not know the number of items that will be in a list, but you want to ensure that the list has a minimum or maximum size and that each item in the list matches a given example. You can do this with the `eachLike`, `minLike` and `maxLike` functions. | function | description | |----------|-------------| | `eachLike()` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example | | `maxLike(integer max)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no bigger than the provided max | | `minLike(integer min)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no smaller than the provided min | For example: ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will ensure that the user list is never empty and that each user has an identifier that is a number and a name that is a string. __Version 3.2.4/2.4.6+__ You can specify the number of example items to generate in the array. The default is 1. ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1, 3) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will create an example user list with 3 users. __Version 3.2.13/2.4.14+__ The each like matchers have been updated to work with primitive types. ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, &apos;GRANT&apos;) } ``` will generate the following JSON ```json { &quot;permissions&quot;: [&quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;] } ``` and matchers ```json { &quot;$.body.permissions&quot;: {&quot;match&quot;: &quot;type&quot;} } ``` and now you can even get more fancy ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, regexp(~/\w+/)) permissions2 minLike(2, 3, integer()) permissions3 maxLike(4, 3, ~/\d+/) } ``` ### Matching any key in a map (3.3.1/2.5.0+) The DSL has been extended for cases where the keys in a map are IDs. For an example of this, see [#313](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/131). In this case you can use the `keyLike` method, which takes an example key as a parameter. For example: ```groovy withBody { example { one { keyLike &apos;001&apos;, &apos;value&apos; // key like an id mapped to a value } two { keyLike &apos;ABC001&apos;, regexp(&apos;\\w+&apos;) // key like an id mapped to a matcher } three { keyLike &apos;XYZ001&apos;, { // key like an id mapped to a closure id identifier() } } four { keyLike &apos;001XYZ&apos;, eachLike { // key like an id mapped to an array where each item is matched by the following id identifier() // example } } } } ``` For an example, have a look at [WildcardPactSpec](src/test/au/com/dius/pact/consumer/groovy/WildcardPactSpec.groovy). **NOTE:** The `keyLike` method adds a `*` to the matching path, so the matching definition will be applied to all keys of the map if there is not a more specific matcher defined for a particular key. Having more than one `keyLike` condition applied to a map will result in only one being applied when the pact is verified (probably the last). ## Changing the directory pact files are written to (2.1.9+) By default, pact files are written to `target/pacts`, but this can be overwritten with the `pact.rootDir` system property. This property needs to be set on the test JVM as most build tools will fork a new JVM to run the tests. For Gradle, add this to your build.gradle: ```groovy test { systemProperties[&apos;pact.rootDir&apos;] = &quot;$buildDir/pacts&quot; } ``` # Publishing your pact files to a pact broker If you use Gradle, you can use the [pact Gradle plugin](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/tree/master/pact-jvm-provider-gradle#publishing-pact-files-to-a-pact-broker) to publish your pact files. # Pact Specification V3 Version 3 of the pact specification changes the format of pact files in the following ways: * Query parameters are stored in a map form and are un-encoded (see [#66](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/66) and [#97](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/97) for information on what this can cause). * Introduces a new message pact format for testing interactions via a message queue. ## Generating V3 spec pact files (3.1.0+, 2.3.0+) To have your consumer tests generate V3 format pacts, you can pass an option into the `run` method. For example: ```groovy VerificationResult result = service.run(specificationVersion: PactSpecVersion.V3) { config -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(config.url()) def response = client.get(path: &apos;/&apos;) } ``` ## Consumer test for a message consumer For testing a consumer of messages from a message queue, the `PactMessageBuilder` class provides a DSL for defining your message expectations. It works in much the same way as the `PactBuilder` class for Request-Response interactions, but will generate a V3 format message pact file. The following steps demonstrate how to use it. ### Step 1 - define the message expectations Create a test that uses the `PactMessageBuilder` to define a message expectation, and then call `run`. This will invoke the given closure with a message for each one defined in the pact. ```groovy def eventStream = new PactMessageBuilder().call { serviceConsumer &apos;messageConsumer&apos; hasPactWith &apos;messageProducer&apos; given &apos;order with id 10000004 exists&apos; expectsToReceive &apos;an order confirmation message&apos; withMetaData(type: &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos;) // Can define any key-value pairs here withContent(contentType: &apos;application/json&apos;) { type &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos; audit { userCode &apos;messageService&apos; } origin &apos;message-service&apos; referenceId &apos;10000004-2&apos; timeSent: &apos;2015-07-22T10:14:28+00:00&apos; value { orderId &apos;10000004&apos; value &apos;10.000000&apos; fee &apos;10.00&apos; gst &apos;15.00&apos; } } } ``` ### Step 2 - call your message handler with the generated messages This example tests a message handler that gets messages from a Kafka topic. In this case the Pact message is wrapped as a Kafka `MessageAndMetadata`. ```groovy eventStream.run { Message message -&gt; messageHandler.handleMessage(new MessageAndMetadata(&apos;topic&apos;, 1, new kafka.message.Message(message.contentsAsBytes()), 0, null, valueDecoder)) } ``` ### Step 3 - validate that the message was handled correctly ```groovy def order = orderRepository.getOrder(&apos;10000004&apos;) assert order.status == &apos;confirmed&apos; assert order.value == 10.0 ``` ### Step 4 - Publish the pact file If the test was successful, a pact file would have been produced with the message from step 1.

pact-jvm-provider-gradle ======================== Gradle plugin for verifying pacts against a provider. The Gradle plugin creates a task `pactVerify` to your build which will verify all configured pacts against your provider. ## To Use It ### For Gradle versions prior to 2.1 #### 1.1. Add the pact-jvm-provider-gradle jar file to your build script class path: ```groovy buildscript { repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { classpath &apos;au.com.dius:pact-jvm-provider-gradle_2.10:3.2.11&apos; } } ``` #### 1.2. Apply the pact plugin ```groovy apply plugin: &apos;au.com.dius.pact&apos; ``` ### For Gradle versions 2.1+ ```groovy plugins { id &quot;au.com.dius.pact&quot; version &quot;3.2.11&quot; } ``` ### 2. Define the pacts between your consumers and providers ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { // You can define as many as you need, but each must have a unique name provider1 { // All the provider properties are optional, and have sensible defaults (shown below) protocol = &apos;http&apos; host = &apos;localhost&apos; port = 8080 path = &apos;/&apos; // Again, you can define as many consumers for each provider as you need, but each must have a unique name hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { // currently supports a file path using file() or a URL using url() pactSource = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) } // Or if you have many pact files in a directory hasPactsWith(&apos;manyConsumers&apos;) { // Will define a consumer for each pact file in the directory. // Consumer name is read from contents of pact file pactFileLocation = file(&apos;path/to/pacts&apos;) } } } } ``` ### 3. Execute `gradle pactVerify` ## Specifying the provider hostname at runtime If you need to calculate the provider hostname at runtime, you can give a Closure as the provider `host`. ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { host = { lookupHostName() } hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) } } } } ``` _Since version 3.3.2+/2.4.17+_ you can also give a Closure as the provider `port`. ## Specifying the pact file or URL at runtime [versions 3.2.7/2.4.9+] If you need to calculate the pact file or URL at runtime, you can give a Closure as the provider `pactFile`. ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { host = &apos;localhost&apos; hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = { lookupPactFile() } } } } } ``` ## Starting and shutting down your provider If you need to start-up or shutdown your provider, define Gradle tasks for each action and set `startProviderTask` and `terminateProviderTask` properties of each provider. You could use the jetty tasks here if you provider is built as a WAR file. ```groovy // This will be called before the provider task task(&apos;startTheApp&apos;) { doLast { // start up your provider here } } // This will be called after the provider task task(&apos;killTheApp&apos;) { doLast { // kill your provider here } } pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { startProviderTask = startTheApp terminateProviderTask = killTheApp hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) } } } } ``` Following typical Gradle behaviour, you can set the provider task properties to the actual tasks, or to the task names as a string (for the case when they haven&apos;t been defined yet). ## Preventing the chaining of provider verify task to `pactVerify` [version 3.4.1+] Normally a gradle task named `pactVerify_${provider.name}` is created and added as a task dependency for `pactVerify`. You can disable this dependency on a provider by setting `isDependencyForPactVerify` to `false` (defaults to `true`). ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { isDependencyForPactVerify = false hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) } } } } ``` To run this task, you would then have to explicitly name it as in ```gradle pactVerify_provider1```, a normal ```gradle pactVerify``` would skip it. This can be useful when you want to define two providers, one with `startProviderTask`/`terminateProviderTask` and as second without, so you can manually start your provider (to debug it from your IDE, for example) but still want a `pactVerify` to run normally from your CI build. ## Enabling insecure SSL [version 2.2.8+] For providers that are running on SSL with self-signed certificates, you need to enable insecure SSL mode by setting `insecure = true` on the provider. ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { insecure = true // allow SSL with a self-signed cert hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) } } } } ``` ## Specifying a custom trust store [version 2.2.8+] For environments that are running their own certificate chains: ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { trustStore = new File(&apos;relative/path/to/trustStore.jks&apos;) trustStorePassword = &apos;changeit&apos; hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) } } } } ``` `trustStore` is either relative to the current working (build) directory. `trustStorePassword` defaults to `changeit`. NOTE: The hostname will still be verified against the certificate. ## Modifying the HTTP Client Used [version 2.2.4+] The default HTTP client is used for all requests to providers (created with a call to `HttpClients.createDefault()`). This can be changed by specifying a closure assigned to createClient on the provider that returns a CloseableHttpClient. For example: ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { createClient = { provider -&gt; // This will enable the client to accept self-signed certificates HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(new NoopHostnameVerifier()) .setSslcontext(new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, { x509Certificates, s -&gt; true }) .build()) .build() } hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) } } } } ``` ## Modifying the requests before they are sent **NOTE on breaking change: Version 2.1.8+ uses Apache HttpClient instead of HttpBuilder so the closure will receive a HttpRequest object instead of a request Map.** Sometimes you may need to add things to the requests that can&apos;t be persisted in a pact file. Examples of these would be authentication tokens, which have a small life span. The Pact Gradle plugin provides a request filter that can be set to a closure on the provider that will be called before the request is made. This closure will receive the HttpRequest prior to it being executed. ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { requestFilter = { req -&gt; // Add an authorization header to each request req.addHeader(&apos;Authorization&apos;, &apos;OAUTH eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImN0eSI6ImFw...&apos;) } hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) } } } } ``` __*Important Note:*__ You should only use this feature for things that can not be persisted in the pact file. By modifying the request, you are potentially modifying the contract from the consumer tests! ## Turning off URL decoding of the paths in the pact file [version 3.3.3+] By default the paths loaded from the pact file will be decoded before the request is sent to the provider. To turn this behaviour off, set the system property `pact.verifier.disableUrlPathDecoding` to `true`. __*Important Note:*__ If you turn off the url path decoding, you need to ensure that the paths in the pact files are correctly encoded. The verifier will not be able to make a request with an invalid encoded path. ## Project Properties The following project properties can be specified with `-Pproperty=value` on the command line: |Property|Description| |--------|-----------| |pact.showStacktrace|This turns on stacktrace printing for each request. It can help with diagnosing network errors| |pact.showFullDiff|This turns on displaying the full diff of the expected versus actual bodies [version 3.3.6+]| |pact.filter.consumers|Comma seperated list of consumer names to verify| |pact.filter.description|Only verify interactions whose description match the provided regular expression| |pact.filter.providerState|Only verify interactions whose provider state match the provided regular expression. An empty string matches interactions that have no state| |pact.verifier.publishResults|Publishing of verification results will be skipped unless this property is set to &apos;true&apos;| |pact.matching.wildcard|Enables matching of map values ignoring the keys when this property is set to &apos;true&apos;| |pact.verifier.disableUrlPathDecoding|Disables decoding of request paths| |pact.pactbroker.httpclient.usePreemptiveAuthentication|Enables preemptive authentication with the pact broker when set to `true`| ## Provider States For a description of what provider states are, see the pact documentations: http://docs.pact.io/documentation/provider_states.html ### Using a state change URL For each provider you can specify a state change URL to use to switch the state of the provider. This URL will receive the providerState description and all the parameters from the pact file before each interaction via a POST. As for normal requests, a request filter (`stateChangeRequestFilter`) can also be set to manipulate the request before it is sent. ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) stateChangeUrl = url(&apos;http://localhost:8001/tasks/pactStateChange&apos;) stateChangeUsesBody = false // defaults to true stateChangeRequestFilter = { req -&gt; // Add an authorization header to each request req.addHeader(&apos;Authorization&apos;, &apos;OAUTH eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImN0eSI6ImFw...&apos;) } } // or hasPactsWith(&apos;consumers&apos;) { pactFileLocation = file(&apos;path/to/pacts&apos;) stateChangeUrl = url(&apos;http://localhost:8001/tasks/pactStateChange&apos;) stateChangeUsesBody = false // defaults to true } } } } ``` If the `stateChangeUsesBody` is not specified, or is set to true, then the provider state description and parameters will be sent as JSON in the body of the request : ```json { &quot;state&quot; : &quot;a provider state description&quot;, &quot;params&quot;: { &quot;a&quot;: &quot;1&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;2&quot; } } ``` If it is set to false, they will be passed as query parameters. #### Teardown calls for state changes [version 3.2.5/2.4.7+] You can enable teardown state change calls by setting the property `stateChangeTeardown = true` on the provider. This will add an `action` parameter to the state change call. The setup call before the test will receive `action=setup`, and then a teardown call will be made afterwards to the state change URL with `action=teardown`. ### Using a Closure [version 2.2.2+] You can set a closure to be called before each verification with a defined provider state. The closure will be called with the state description and parameters from the pact file. ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) // Load a fixture file based on the provider state and then setup some database // data. Does not require a state change request so returns false stateChange = { providerState -&gt; // providerState is an instance of ProviderState def fixture = loadFixtuerForProviderState(providerState) setupDatabase(fixture) } } } } } ``` #### Teardown calls for state changes [version 3.2.5/2.4.7+] You can enable teardown state change calls by setting the property `stateChangeTeardown = true` on the provider. This will add an `action` parameter to the state change closure call. The setup call before the test will receive `setup`, as the second parameter, and then a teardown call will be made afterwards with `teardown` as the second parameter. ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = file(&apos;path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos;) // Load a fixture file based on the provider state and then setup some database // data. Does not require a state change request so returns false stateChange = { providerState, action -&gt; if (action == &apos;setup&apos;) { def fixture = loadFixtuerForProviderState(providerState) setupDatabase(fixture) } else { cleanupDatabase() } false } } } } } ``` #### Returning values that can be injected (3.6.11+) You can have values from the provider state callbacks be injected into most places (paths, query parameters, headers, bodies, etc.). This works by using the V3 spec generators with provider state callbacks that return values. One example of where this would be useful is API calls that require an ID which would be auto-generated by the database on the provider side, so there is no way to know what the ID would be beforehand. There are methods on the consumer DSLs that can provider an expression that contains variables (like &apos;/api/user/${id}&apos; for the path). The provider state callback can then return a map for values, and the `id` attribute from the map will be expanded in the expression. For URL callbacks, the values need to be returned as JSON in the response body. ## Filtering the interactions that are verified You can filter the interactions that are run using three project properties: `pact.filter.consumers`, `pact.filter.description` and `pact.filter.providerState`. Adding `-Ppact.filter.consumers=consumer1,consumer2` to the command line will only run the pact files for those consumers (consumer1 and consumer2). Adding `-Ppact.filter.description=a request for payment.*` will only run those interactions whose descriptions start with &apos;a request for payment&apos;. `-Ppact.filter.providerState=.*payment` will match any interaction that has a provider state that ends with payment, and `-Ppact.filter.providerState=` will match any interaction that does not have a provider state. ## Verifying pact files from a pact broker [version 3.1.1+/2.3.1+] You can setup your build to validate against the pacts stored in a pact broker. The pact gradle plugin will query the pact broker for all consumers that have a pact with the provider based on its name. For example: ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { // You can get the latest pacts from the broker hasPactsFromPactBroker(&apos;http://pact-broker:5000/&apos;) // And/or you can get the latest pact with a specific tag hasPactsFromPactBrokerWithTag(&apos;http://pact-broker:5000/&apos;,&quot;tagname&quot;) } } } ``` This will verify all pacts found in the pact broker where the provider name is &apos;provider1&apos;. If you need to set any values on the consumers from the pact broker, you can add a Closure to configure them. ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { hasPactsFromPactBroker(&apos;http://pact-broker:5000/&apos;) { consumer -&gt; stateChange = { providerState -&gt; /* state change code here */ true } } } } } ``` **NOTE: Currently the pacts are fetched from the broker during the configuration phase of the build. This means that if the broker is not available, you will not be able to run any Gradle tasks.** This should be fixed in a forth coming release. In the mean time, to only load the pacts when running the validate task, you can do something like: ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { // Only load the pacts from the broker if the start tasks from the command line include pactVerify if (&apos;pactVerify&apos; in gradle.startParameter.taskNames) { hasPactsFromPactBroker(&apos;http://pact-broker:5000/&apos;) { consumer -&gt; stateChange = { providerState -&gt; /* state change code here */ true } } } } } } ``` ### Using an authenticated Pact Broker You can add the authentication details for the Pact Broker like so: ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { hasPactsFromPactBroker(&apos;http://pact-broker:5000/&apos;, authentication: [&apos;Basic&apos;, pactBrokerUser, pactBrokerPassword]) } } } ``` `pactBrokerUser` and `pactBrokerPassword` can be defined in the gradle properties. Or with a bearer token: ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { hasPactsFromPactBroker(&apos;http://pact-broker:5000/&apos;, authentication: [&apos;Bearer&apos;, pactBrokerToken]) } } } ``` Preemptive Authentication can be enabled by setting the `pact.pactbroker.httpclient.usePreemptiveAuthentication` Java system property to `true`. ## Verifying pact files from a S3 bucket [version 3.3.2+/2.4.17+] Pact files stored in an S3 bucket can be verified by using an S3 URL to the pact file. I.e., ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { provider1 { hasPactWith(&apos;consumer1&apos;) { pactFile = &apos;s3://bucketname/path/to/provider1-consumer1-pact.json&apos; } } } } ``` **NOTE:** you can&apos;t use the `url` function with S3 URLs, as the URL and URI classes from the Java SDK don&apos;t support URLs with the s3 scheme. # Publishing pact files to a pact broker [version 2.2.7+] The pact gradle plugin provides a `pactPublish` task that can publish all pact files in a directory to a pact broker. To use it, you need to add a publish configuration to the pact configuration that defines the directory where the pact files are and the URL to the pact broker. For example: ```groovy pact { publish { pactDirectory = &apos;/pact/dir&apos; // defaults to $buildDir/pacts pactBrokerUrl = &apos;http://pactbroker:1234&apos; } } ``` You can set any tags that the pacts should be published with by setting the `tags` property. A common use of this is setting the tag to the current source control branch. This supports using pact with feature branches. ```groovy pact { publish { pactDirectory = &apos;/pact/dir&apos; // defaults to $buildDir/pacts pactBrokerUrl = &apos;http://pactbroker:1234&apos; tags = [project.pactBrokerTag] } } ``` _NOTE:_ The pact broker requires a version for all published pacts. The `pactPublish` task will use the version of the gradle project by default. Make sure you have set one otherwise the broker will reject the pact files. _Version 3.2.2/2.4.3+_ you can override the version in the publish block. ## Publishing to an authenticated pact broker To publish to a broker protected by basic auth, include the username/password in the `pactBrokerUrl`. For example: ```groovy pact { publish { pactBrokerUrl = &apos;https://username:[email protected]&apos; } } ``` ### [version 3.3.9+] You can add the username and password as properties since version 3.3.9+ ```groovy pact { publish { pactBrokerUrl = &apos;https://mypactbroker.com&apos; pactBrokerUsername = &apos;username&apos; pactBrokerPassword = &apos;password&apos; } } ``` or with a bearer token ```groovy pact { publish { pactBrokerUrl = &apos;https://mypactbroker.com&apos; pactBrokerToken = &apos;token&apos; } } ``` ## Excluding pacts from being published [version 3.5.19+] You can exclude some of the pact files from being published by providing a list of regular expressions that match against the base names of the pact files. For example: ```groovy pact { publish { pactBrokerUrl = &apos;https://mypactbroker.com&apos; excludes = [ &apos;.*\\-\\d+$&apos; ] // exclude all pact files that end with a dash followed by a number in the name } } ``` # Verifying a message provider [version 2.2.12+] The Gradle plugin has been updated to allow invoking test methods that can return the message contents from a message producer. To use it, set the way to invoke the verification to `ANNOTATED_METHOD`. This will allow the pact verification task to scan for test methods that return the message contents. Add something like the following to your gradle build file: ```groovy pact { serviceProviders { messageProvider { verificationType = &apos;ANNOTATED_METHOD&apos; packagesToScan = [&apos;au.com.example.messageprovider.*&apos;] // This is optional, but leaving it out will result in the entire // test classpath being scanned hasPactWith(&apos;messageConsumer&apos;) { pactFile = url(&apos;url/to/messagepact.json&apos;) } } } } ``` Now when the `pactVerify` task is run, will look for methods annotated with `@PactVerifyProvider` in the test classpath that have a matching description to what is in the pact file. ```groovy class ConfirmationKafkaMessageBuilderTest { @PactVerifyProvider(&apos;an order confirmation message&apos;) String verifyMessageForOrder() { Order order = new Order() order.setId(10000004) order.setExchange(&apos;ASX&apos;) order.setSecurityCode(&apos;CBA&apos;) order.setPrice(BigDecimal.TEN) order.setUnits(15) order.setGst(new BigDecimal(&apos;15.0&apos;)) order.setFees(BigDecimal.TEN) def message = new ConfirmationKafkaMessageBuilder() .withOrder(order) .build() JsonOutput.toJson(message) } } ``` It will then validate that the returned contents matches the contents for the message in the pact file. ## Publishing to the Gradle Community Portal To publish the plugin to the community portal: $ ./gradlew :pact-jvm-provider-gradle_2.11:publishPlugins # Verification Reports [versions 3.2.7/2.4.9+] The default behaviour is to display the verification being done to the console, and pass or fail the build via the normal Gradle mechanism. From versions 3.2.7/2.4.9+, additional reports can be generated from the verification. ## Enabling additional reports The verification reports can be controlled by adding a reports section to the pact configuration in the gradle build file. For example: ```groovy pact { reports { defaultReports() // adds the standard console output markdown // report in markdown format json // report in json format } } ``` Any report files will be written to &quot;build/reports/pact&quot;. ## Additional Reports The following report types are available in addition to console output (which is enabled by default): `markdown`, `json`. # Publishing verification results to a Pact Broker [version 3.5.4+] For pacts that are loaded from a Pact Broker, the results of running the verification can be published back to the broker against the URL for the pact. You will be able to see the result on the Pact Broker home screen. To turn on the verification publishing, set the project property `pact.verifier.publishResults` to `true` [version 3.5.18+].

pact-jvm-consumer-groovy ========================= Groovy DSL for Pact JVM ## Dependency The library is available on maven central using: * group-id = `au.com.dius` * artifact-id = `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11` * version-id = `3.5.x` ## Usage Add the `pact-jvm-consumer-groovy` library to your test class path. This provides a `PactBuilder` class for you to use to define your pacts. For a full example, have a look at the example JUnit `ExampleGroovyConsumerPactTest`. If you are using gradle for your build, add it to your `build.gradle`: dependencies { testCompile &apos;au.com.dius:pact-jvm-consumer-groovy_2.11:3.5.0&apos; } Then create an instance of the `PactBuilder` in your test. ```groovy import au.com.dius.pact.consumer.PactVerificationResult import au.com.dius.pact.consumer.groovy.PactBuilder import groovyx.net.http.RESTClient import org.junit.Test class AliceServiceConsumerPactTest { @Test void &quot;A service consumer side of a pact goes a little something like this&quot;() { def alice_service = new PactBuilder() // Create a new PactBuilder alice_service { serviceConsumer &quot;Consumer&quot; // Define the service consumer by name hasPactWith &quot;Alice Service&quot; // Define the service provider that it has a pact with port 1234 // The port number for the service. It is optional, leave it out to // to use a random one given(&apos;there is some good mallory&apos;) // defines a provider state. It is optional. uponReceiving(&apos;a retrieve Mallory request&apos;) // upon_receiving starts a new interaction withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) // define the request, a GET request to &apos;/mallory&apos; willRespondWith( // define the response we want returned status: 200, headers: [&apos;Content-Type&apos;: &apos;text/html&apos;], body: &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; ) } // Execute the run method to have the mock server run. // It takes a closure to execute your requests and returns a PactVerificationResult. PactVerificationResult result = alice_service.runTest { def client = new RESTClient(&apos;http://localhost:1234/&apos;) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) assert alice_response.status == 200 assert alice_response.contentType == &apos;text/html&apos; def data = alice_response.data.text() assert data == &apos;&quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;&apos; } assert result == PactVerificationResult.Ok.INSTANCE // This means it is all good } } ``` After running this test, the following pact file is produced: { &quot;provider&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Alice Service&quot; }, &quot;consumer&quot; : { &quot;name&quot; : &quot;Consumer&quot; }, &quot;interactions&quot; : [ { &quot;provider_state&quot; : &quot;there is some good mallory&quot;, &quot;description&quot; : &quot;a retrieve Mallory request&quot;, &quot;request&quot; : { &quot;method&quot; : &quot;get&quot;, &quot;path&quot; : &quot;/mallory&quot;, &quot;requestMatchers&quot; : { } }, &quot;response&quot; : { &quot;status&quot; : 200, &quot;headers&quot; : { &quot;Content-Type&quot; : &quot;text/html&quot; }, &quot;body&quot; : &quot;That is some good Mallory.&quot;, &quot;responseMatchers&quot; : { } } } ] } ### DSL Methods #### serviceConsumer(String consumer) This names the service consumer for the pact. #### hasPactWith(String provider) This names the service provider for the pact. #### port(int port) Sets the port that the mock server will run on. If not supplied, a random port will be used. #### given(String providerState) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states. Can be called multiple times. #### given(String providerState, Map params) Defines a state that the provider needs to be in for the request to succeed. For more info, see https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact/wiki/Provider-states. Can be called multiple times, and the params map can contain the data required for the state. #### uponReceiving(String requestDescription) Starts the definition of a of a pact interaction. #### withAttributes(Map requestData) Defines the request for the interaction. The request data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | method | The HTTP method to use | get | | path | The Path for the request | / | | query | Query parameters as a Map&lt;String, List&gt; | | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the request headers | | | body | The body of the request. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies below | For the path, header attributes and query parameters (version 2.2.2+ for headers, 3.3.7+ for query parameters), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating requests. For example: ```groovy .withAttributes(path: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;) // This will generate a random path for requests // or .withAttributes(path: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)) ``` #### withBody(Closure closure) Constructs the body of the request or response by invoking the supplied closure in the context of a PactBodyBuilder. ##### Pretty Printed Bodies [Version 2.2.15+, 3.0.4+] An optional Map can be supplied to control how the body is generated. The option values are available: | Option | Description | |--------|-------------| | mimeType | The mime type of the body. Defaults to `application/json` | | prettyPrint | Boolean value controlling whether to pretty-print the body or not. Defaults to true | If the prettyPrint option is not specified, the bodies will be pretty printed unless the mime type corresponds to one that requires compact bodies. Currently only `application/x-thrift+json` is classed as requiring a compact body. For an example of turning off pretty printing: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody(prettyPrint: false) { name &apos;harry&apos; surname &apos;larry&apos; } } ``` #### willRespondWith(Map responseData) Defines the response for the interaction. The response data map can contain the following: | key | Description | Default Value | |----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| | status | The HTTP status code to return | 200 | | headers | Map of key-value pairs for the response headers | | | body | The body of the response. If it is not a string, it will be converted to JSON. Also accepts a PactBodyBuilder. | | | prettyPrint | Boolean value to control if the body is pretty printed. See note on Pretty Printed Bodies above | For the headers (version 2.2.2+), you can use regular expressions to match. You can either provide a regex `Pattern` class or use the `regexp` method to construct a `RegexpMatcher` (you can use any of the defined matcher methods, see DSL methods below). If you use a `Pattern`, or the `regexp` method but don&apos;t provide a value, a random one will be generated from the regular expression. This value is used when generating responses. For example: ```groovy .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: ~&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;]) // This will generate a random location value // or .willRespondWith(headers: [LOCATION: regexp(&apos;/transaction/[0-9]+&apos;, &apos;/transaction/1234567890&apos;)]) ``` #### PactVerificationResult runTest(Closure closure) The `runTest` method starts the mock server, and then executes the provided closure. It then returns the pact verification result for the pact run. If you require access to the mock server configuration for the URL, it is passed into the closure, e.g., ```groovy PactVerificationResult result = alice_service.runTest() { mockServer -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(mockServer.url) def alice_response = client.get(path: &apos;/mallory&apos;) } ``` ### Note on HTTP clients and persistent connections Some HTTP clients may keep the connection open, based on the live connections settings or if they use a connection cache. This could cause your tests to fail if the client you are testing lives longer than an individual test, as the mock server will be started and shutdown for each test. This will result in the HTTP client connection cache having invalid connections. For an example of this where the there was a failure for every second test, see [Issue #342](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/342). ### Body DSL For building JSON bodies there is a `PactBodyBuilder` that provides as DSL that includes matching with regular expressions and by types. For a more complete example look at `PactBodyBuilderTest`. For an example: ```groovy service { uponReceiving(&apos;a request&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: &apos;/&apos;) withBody { name(~/\w+/, &apos;harry&apos;) surname regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;larry&apos;) position regexp(~/staff|contractor/, &apos;staff&apos;) happy(true) } } ``` This will return the following body: ```json { &quot;name&quot;: &quot;harry&quot;, &quot;surname&quot;: &quot;larry&quot;, &quot;position&quot;: &quot;staff&quot;, &quot;happy&quot;: true } ``` and add the following matchers: ```json { &quot;$.body.name&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.surname&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;\\w+&quot;}, &quot;$.body.position&quot;: {&quot;regex&quot;: &quot;staff|contractor&quot;} } ``` #### DSL Methods The DSL supports the following matching methods: * regexp(Pattern re, String value = null), regexp(String regexp, String value = null) Defines a regular expression matcher. If the value is not provided, a random one will be generated. * hexValue(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts hexidecimal values. If the value is not provided, a random hexidcimal value will be generated. * identifier(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts integer values. If the value is not provided, a random value will be generated. * ipAddress(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts IP addresses. If the value is not provided, a 127.0.0.1 will be used. * numeric(Number value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any numerical values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * integer(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any integer values. If the value is not provided, a random integer will be used. * decimal(def value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts any decimal numbers. If the value is not provided, a random decimal will be used. * timestamp(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATETIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * time(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_TIME_FORMAT is used (&quot;&apos;T&apos;HH:mm:ss&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * date(String pattern = null, def value = null) If pattern is not provided the ISO_DATE_FORMAT is used (&quot;yyyy-MM-dd&quot;) . If the value is not provided, the current date and time is used. * uuid(String value = null) Defines a matcher that accepts UUIDs. A random one will be generated if no value is provided. * equalTo(def value) Defines an equality matcher that always matches the provided value using `equals`. This is useful for resetting cascading type matchers. * includesStr(def value) Defines a matcher that accepts any value where its string form includes the provided string. * nullValue() Defines a matcher that accepts only null values. * url(String basePath, Object... pathFragments) Defines a matcher for URLs, given the base URL path and a sequence of path fragments. The path fragments could be strings or regular expression matchers. For example: ```groovy url(&apos;http://localhost:8080&apos;, &apos;pacticipants&apos;, regexp(&apos;[^\\/]+&apos;, &apos;Activity%20Service&apos;)) ``` Defines a matcher that accepts only null values. #### What if a field matches a matcher name in the DSL? When using the body DSL, if there is a field that matches a matcher name (e.g. a field named &apos;date&apos;) then you can do the following: ```groovy withBody { date = date() } ``` ### Ensuring all items in a list match an example (2.2.0+) Lots of the time you might not know the number of items that will be in a list, but you want to ensure that the list has a minimum or maximum size and that each item in the list matches a given example. You can do this with the `eachLike`, `minLike` and `maxLike` functions. | function | description | |----------|-------------| | `eachLike()` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example | | `maxLike(integer max)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no bigger than the provided max | | `minLike(integer min)` | Ensure that each item in the list matches the provided example and the list is no smaller than the provided min | For example: ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will ensure that the user list is never empty and that each user has an identifier that is a number and a name that is a string. __Version 3.2.4/2.4.6+__ You can specify the number of example items to generate in the array. The default is 1. ```groovy withBody { users minLike(1, 3) { id identifier name string(&apos;Fred&apos;) } } ``` This will create an example user list with 3 users. __Version 3.2.13/2.4.14+__ The each like matchers have been updated to work with primitive types. ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, &apos;GRANT&apos;) } ``` will generate the following JSON ```json { &quot;permissions&quot;: [&quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;, &quot;GRANT&quot;] } ``` and matchers ```json { &quot;$.body.permissions&quot;: {&quot;match&quot;: &quot;type&quot;} } ``` and now you can even get more fancy ```groovy withBody { permissions eachLike(3, regexp(~/\w+/)) permissions2 minLike(2, 3, integer()) permissions3 maxLike(4, 3, ~/\d+/) } ``` You can also match arrays at the root level, for instance, ```groovy withBody PactBodyBuilder.eachLike(regexp(~/\w+/)) ``` or if you have arrays of arrays ```groovy withBody PactBodyBuilder.eachLike([ regexp(&apos;[0-9a-f]{8}&apos;, &apos;e8cda07e&apos;), regexp(~/\w+/, &apos;sony&apos;) ]) ``` __Version 3.5.9+__ A `eachArrayLike` method has been added to handle matching of arrays of arrays. ```groovy { answers minLike(1) { questionId string(&quot;books&quot;) answer eachArrayLike { questionId string(&quot;title&quot;) answer string(&quot;BBBB&quot;) } } ``` This will generate an array of arrays for the `answer` attribute. ### Matching any key in a map (3.3.1/2.5.0+) The DSL has been extended for cases where the keys in a map are IDs. For an example of this, see [#313](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/313). In this case you can use the `keyLike` method, which takes an example key as a parameter. For example: ```groovy withBody { example { one { keyLike &apos;001&apos;, &apos;value&apos; // key like an id mapped to a value } two { keyLike &apos;ABC001&apos;, regexp(&apos;\\w+&apos;) // key like an id mapped to a matcher } three { keyLike &apos;XYZ001&apos;, { // key like an id mapped to a closure id identifier() } } four { keyLike &apos;001XYZ&apos;, eachLike { // key like an id mapped to an array where each item is matched by the following id identifier() // example } } } } ``` For an example, have a look at [WildcardPactSpec](src/test/au/com/dius/pact/consumer/groovy/WildcardPactSpec.groovy). **NOTE:** The `keyLike` method adds a `*` to the matching path, so the matching definition will be applied to all keys of the map if there is not a more specific matcher defined for a particular key. Having more than one `keyLike` condition applied to a map will result in only one being applied when the pact is verified (probably the last). **Further Note: From version 3.5.22 onwards pacts with wildcards applied to map keys will require the Java system property &quot;pact.matching.wildcard&quot; set to value &quot;true&quot; when the pact file is verified.** ### Matching with an OR (3.5.0+) The V3 spec allows multiple matchers to be combined using either AND or OR for a value. The main use of this would be to either be able to match a value or a null, or to combine different matchers. For example: ```groovy withBody { valueA and(&apos;AB&apos;, includeStr(&apos;A&apos;), includeStr(&apos;B&apos;)) // valueA must include both A and B valueB or(&apos;100&apos;, regex(~/\d+/), nullValue()) // valueB must either match a regular expression or be null valueC or(&apos;12345678&apos;, regex(~/\d{8}/), regex(~/X\d{13}/)) // valueC must match either 8 or X followed by 13 digits } ``` ## Changing the directory pact files are written to (2.1.9+) By default, pact files are written to `target/pacts` (or `build/pacts` if you use Gradle), but this can be overwritten with the `pact.rootDir` system property. This property needs to be set on the test JVM as most build tools will fork a new JVM to run the tests. For Gradle, add this to your build.gradle: ```groovy test { systemProperties[&apos;pact.rootDir&apos;] = &quot;$buildDir/custom-pacts-directory&quot; } ``` ## Forcing pact files to be overwritten (3.6.5+) By default, when the pact file is written, it will be merged with any existing pact file. To force the file to be overwritten, set the Java system property `pact.writer.overwrite` to `true`. # Publishing your pact files to a pact broker If you use Gradle, you can use the [pact Gradle plugin](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/tree/master/provider/pact-jvm-provider-gradle#publishing-pact-files-to-a-pact-broker) to publish your pact files. # Pact Specification V3 Version 3 of the pact specification changes the format of pact files in the following ways: * Query parameters are stored in a map form and are un-encoded (see [#66](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/66) and [#97](https://github.com/DiUS/pact-jvm/issues/97) for information on what this can cause). * Introduces a new message pact format for testing interactions via a message queue. * Multiple provider states can be defined with data parameters. ## Generating V3 spec pact files (3.1.0+, 2.3.0+) To have your consumer tests generate V3 format pacts, you can pass an option into the `runTest` method. For example: ```groovy PactVerificationResult result = service.runTest(specificationVersion: PactSpecVersion.V3) { config -&gt; def client = new RESTClient(config.url) def response = client.get(path: &apos;/&apos;) } ``` ## Consumer test for a message consumer For testing a consumer of messages from a message queue, the `PactMessageBuilder` class provides a DSL for defining your message expectations. It works in much the same way as the `PactBuilder` class for Request-Response interactions, but will generate a V3 format message pact file. The following steps demonstrate how to use it. ### Step 1 - define the message expectations Create a test that uses the `PactMessageBuilder` to define a message expectation, and then call `run`. This will invoke the given closure with a message for each one defined in the pact. ```groovy def eventStream = new PactMessageBuilder().call { serviceConsumer &apos;messageConsumer&apos; hasPactWith &apos;messageProducer&apos; given &apos;order with id 10000004 exists&apos; expectsToReceive &apos;an order confirmation message&apos; withMetaData(type: &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos;) // Can define any key-value pairs here withContent(contentType: &apos;application/json&apos;) { type &apos;OrderConfirmed&apos; audit { userCode &apos;messageService&apos; } origin &apos;message-service&apos; referenceId &apos;10000004-2&apos; timeSent: &apos;2015-07-22T10:14:28+00:00&apos; value { orderId &apos;10000004&apos; value &apos;10.000000&apos; fee &apos;10.00&apos; gst &apos;15.00&apos; } } } ``` ### Step 2 - call your message handler with the generated messages This example tests a message handler that gets messages from a Kafka topic. In this case the Pact message is wrapped as a Kafka `MessageAndMetadata`. ```groovy eventStream.run { Message message -&gt; messageHandler.handleMessage(new MessageAndMetadata(&apos;topic&apos;, 1, new kafka.message.Message(message.contentsAsBytes()), 0, null, valueDecoder)) } ``` ### Step 3 - validate that the message was handled correctly ```groovy def order = orderRepository.getOrder(&apos;10000004&apos;) assert order.status == &apos;confirmed&apos; assert order.value == 10.0 ``` ### Step 4 - Publish the pact file If the test was successful, a pact file would have been produced with the message from step 1. # Having values injected from provider state callbacks (3.6.11+) You can have values from the provider state callbacks be injected into most places (paths, query parameters, headers, bodies, etc.). This works by using the V3 spec generators with provider state callbacks that return values. One example of where this would be useful is API calls that require an ID which would be auto-generated by the database on the provider side, so there is no way to know what the ID would be beforehand. The DSL method `fromProviderState` allows you to set an expression that will be parsed with the values returned from the provider states. For the body, you can use the key value instead of an expression. For example, assume that an API call is made to get the details of a user by ID. A provider state can be defined that specifies that the user must be exist, but the ID will be created when the user is created. So we can then define an expression for the path where the ID will be replaced with the value returned from the provider state callback. ```groovy service { given(&apos;User harry exists&apos;) uponReceiving(&apos;a request for user harry&apos;) withAttributes(method: &apos;get&apos;, path: fromProviderState(&apos;/api/user/${id}&apos;, &apos;/api/user/100&apos;)) withBody { name(fromProviderState(&apos;userName&apos;, &apos;harry&apos;)) // looks up the value using the userName key } } ```